答案：have been fighting/have fought
19．解析：因attempt是可数名词，此处为单数，且非特指，因此前面用不定冠词。
答案：an
20．解析：该句的意思是：爱尔兰的北部居民以新教徒为主，南部居民以天主教徒
为主，因此可以用依据宗教信仰的不同把爱尔兰分为两部分的办法解决他们之间的冲突。 答案：could
21．解析：这是there be句型，即：在爱尔兰有些地区也住着天主教徒。
答案：there
22．解析：引导定语从句，表示问题的出处。
答案：where
23．解析：是形容词性的物主代词，指代前面的people。
答案：their
24．解析：用武器刺杀对方自然是不幸的事，并且此处应该用副词，因此应该填
unfortunately。 答案：Unfortunately
25．解析：此处是独立主格结构作状语，each side是动词kill的逻辑主语，并且是kill这一动作的发出者，因此用现在分词。 答案：killing
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 A
If a person throws up a coin into the air，it may land on one side，or it may land on the other.There is no sense in analyzing the result，because it is a random chance event.Nothing can be done to influence the outcome.About half the time the coin will land on one side，and about half the time it will land on the other side，no matter how the coin is thrown up.
In ancient times，people believed almost anything that happened to them was an intervention (干涉) by a divine (神的) power.Now，however，few cultures would believe the outcome of such an insignificant event as throwing up a coin to be divine intervention.
Many events of life are basically events of random chance.Let us look at one example.You might be walking in Prague，and a pickpocket steals your wallet.Here are some different explanations one could give to such a misfortune.
1．The Fatalistic (宿命论的) one，popular in Arabic countries，would be that the theft was merely your fate，and could not be avoided.I often think “fate” is the realization that many things in life are merely random chance events.It is senseless to worry that you did anything to cause this event.It just happened that a pickpocket just happened to be near you，and your wallet was the closest one for him to steal.I cannot hide my bias (偏见)：I think this is probably the healthiest explanation of random chance events.
2．In primitive cultures or regions where certain religions commonly existed，the explanation might be that it was God's will for your wallet to be stolen.God was punishing you for a misdeed，or trying to teach you a central truth by letting you lose this money.
3．And lastly there is the explanation I find increasingly common in Western societies.Any misfortune may be explained by a lack of precautions (预防措施)．An intervention on someone's part (usually the government's) could have prevented the theft.For example，you should not have walked in certain streets；you should have been more watchful.Or the government should have employed more policemen，or imprisoned more criminals.Misfortunes are not caused by random chance，but by incomplete care or control.
This latter explanation is being accepted increasingly every day.One reason must be that it comforts people to rationalize (使……有合理依
据)their misfortunes，especially if it makes them seem blameless.(“If there were just more policemen，my wallet would not have been stolen.”) I find this last explanation amusing in one sense，and extremely harmful in another.If we cannot accept bad things ever happening to us，we must be willing to accept an unlimited expansion of laws and government intervention in our lives.
语篇解读：作者认为分析抛币的结果是没有意义的，以此说是任何偶发事件都具有随意性，不是神的干涉等，不需要任何理由或解释。 26．According to the author ________.
A．if you want to know the result of something you plan to do，the throwing
up of a coin will be of great help
B．whether the coin lands on one side or the other，it's God's will C．the way that a coin is thrown up decides which side it will land D．whichever side a coin will land doesn't affect the result of the thing one plans to do
解析：细节理解题。由第一自然段中的There is no sense in analyzing the result...Nothing can be done to influence the outcome(分析抛币的结果是没有意义的……而无论哪一面朝上都不会影响事情的结果)可知答案。 答案：D
27．If someone broke into your house and took away all the valuable things，
the writer most probably agrees with the idea that ________. A．it's because you have done something wrong and so you are punished for that
B．it's just something that you can't avoid C．the government is to blame for that
D．you are not careful enough to prevent it from happening
解析：推理判断题。在为第三自然段所举的例子给出的三种解释中，作者倾向第一种解释，而B选项符合这种解释的观点。
答案：B
28．According to the writer，more and more people accept the third explanation because ________.
A．by thinking so they can be excused from blame B．it is true of the fact
C．the government hasn't employed enough policemen
D．the government doesn't take proper measures against crime 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段的第2句可知。 答案：A
29．The writer wrote this article mainly to tell us ________.
A．people of different cultures have different attitudes towards a certain
event that happens to or around them
B．people should hold scientific attitude towards events that happen to or around them
C．many events just happen without any reasons D．which of the three explanations is more reasonable
解析：推理判断题。第一段的第2句，表达了作者对一些偶发事情的看法；在第三和第四段中又重申了这一观点。 答案：C
30．By saying “I find this last explanation ...extremely harmful in another” the writer probably suggests that if the explanation can be accepted it means ________.
A．people would not be able to walk in certain streets
B．there would be too many laws and people will lose much of their freedom C．there would be too many policemen in the streets or other public places D．there would be too many criminals in prison 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可以推知。 答案：B
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