2014年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及参考答案

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2014年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及参考答案

词汇选项：

1. The majority of people around here are decent.

A. real

B. honest

C. normal

D. wealthy

2. The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.

A. inflexible B. hidden

C. traditional

D. official

3. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.

A. copy

B. publish

C. summarize

D. furnish

4. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down.

A. disappointment B. excitement C. anger 5. Several windows had been smashed.

A. cleaned

B. replaced

C. broken

D. fixed

D. calm

6. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.

A. parts

B. pains

C. aspects

D. results

7. London quickly became a flourishing port.

A. major

B. large

C. commercial

D. successful

8. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.

A. act

B. homework C. justice

D. model

9. He led a very moral life.

A. human

B. intelligent

C. natural

D. honourable

10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.

新东方在线职称英语频道(http://zhicheng.koolearn.com/)分享 A. sincere B. respectful C. empty D. terrible 11. It was a magic night until the spell was broken.

A. charm

B. time

C. space

D. opportunity

12. His professional career spanned 16 years.

A. started

B. changed

C. lasted

D. moved

13. They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.

A. prove

B. consider

C. imagine

D. discover

14. His knowledge of French is fair.

A. quite good special

15. The group does not advocate the use of violence.

A. limit

阅读判断：

So Many ‘Earths’

The Milky Way (银河) contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life that’s the finding of a new study. It draws on data that came from NASA’s top planet-hunting telescope.

A mechanical failure recently put that Kepler space telescope out of service. Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its data have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions

B. support

C. regulate

D. oppose

B. very useful

C. very limited

D. rather

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similar to those on Earth.

The authors of a study, published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences, conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars, with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun, may host a planet that could support life as we know it. Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth’s, but no more than twice that big. The planet also would have to orbit in a star’s habitable zone. That’s where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as a liquid.

The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate (推算) to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see.

The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it would define as habitable a zone starting as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant past). Using tighter limits, the researchers estimate that between 4 and 8 out of every 100 Sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.

Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn’t sound like a big number. It would mean, however, that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a change for life.

16. The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years.

新东方在线职称英语频道(http://zhicheng.koolearn.com/)分享 A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 17. The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earth’s.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. The Earth is planet orbiting in the Sun’s habitable zone.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars in the Milky Way.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. The estimate of the number of planets that could support life is not very accurate.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.

A. Right

概括大意与完成句子：

Climate Change: The Long Reach

1

Earth is warming .Sea levels are rising. There’s more carbon in the air, and

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

Arctic ice is melting faster than at any time in recorded history. Scientist who study the environment to better gauge (评估) Earth’s future climate now argue that these changes may not reverse for a very long time.

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2 People burn fossil fuels like coal and oil for energy. That burning releases

carbon dioxide, a colorless gas. In the air, this gas traps heat at Earth’s surface. And the more carbon dioxide released, the more the planet warms. If current consumption of fossil fuels doesn’t slow, the long-term climate impacts could last thousands of years—and be more severe than scientists had been expecting. Climatologist Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaii at Manoa offers this conclusion in a new paper. 3

Most climate-change studies look at what’s going to happen in the next

century or so. During that time, changes in the planet’s environment could nudge (推动) global warming even higher. For example: Snow and ice reflect sunlight back into space. But as these melt, sunlight can now reach—and warm—the exposed ground. This extra heat raises the air temperature even more, causing even more snow to melt. This type of rapid exaggeration of impacts is called a “fast feedback”. 4

Zeebe says it’s important to look at fast feedbacks. However, he adds,

they’re limited. From a climate change perspective, “This century is the most important time for the next few generations, ” he told Science News. “But the world is not ending in 2100 .” For this new study, Zeebe now focuses on “slow feedbacks.” While fast feedback events unfold over decades or centuries, slow feedbacks can take thousands of years. Melting of continental ice sheets and the migration of plant life—as they relocate to more comfortable areas—are two examples of slow feedbacks.