Electronic Teaching Portfolio Book Three
Unit Six: Happiness
Part I Get Started
Section A Discussion
▇ Sit in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions. 1. Are you happy with your college life? Why or why not?
2. What was the happiest moment in your life as far as you can remember? 3. Can money alone bring happiness? Why or why not?
▇ Answers for reference:
1. I feel happy with my college life. Away from my parents, I?m learning to live independently and I enjoy a lot of freedom that I have never experienced before. My life at college is easy and carefree. The teachers are professional and my classmates are friendly and helpful. I have access to lots of modern facilities and I can take part in many interesting activities. So I regard college life as the most enjoyable period in my life. I?m not feeling so happy, because I?m not used to the heavy work load and I feel lonely, homesick or bored with school life that has lasted for over ten years. 2. (Open.)
3. Yes. Because I think money is just like a magic wand (魔杖) that can change everything in the world today. It can bring you all you want, including happiness.
No. We cannot deny the fact that money is important. It can help keep us free from want and ensure a happy life. But happiness is based on both material and spiritual welfare. The sense of achievement and self-fulfillment sometimes brings us even greater satisfaction. Money does contribute to material welfare. Yet, material welfare alone cannot bring us happiness.
Section B Quotes
▇Study the following quotes about happiness. Which quote(s) do you like best? Why?
⊙Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence.
—— Aristotle
Interpretation:
This quotation reveals the important role of happiness in human life. It is human nature to seek and enjoy happiness. Otherwise, human existence would be aimless and meaningless.
Aristotle
About Aristotle:
Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC): a student of Plato and a famous ancient Greek philosopher. During his life, he wrote numerous books on logic (逻辑学), natural science, ethics (伦理学), politics, and rhetoric (修辞学), etc. His works include Physics, On the Soul (《论灵魂》), Posterior Analytics (《后分析篇》), History of
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Animals (《动物志》), Politics, Rhetoric, Poetics (《诗学》), etc. Aristotle is considered to be one of the greatest thinkers of Europe and his works are still widely quoted today.
⊙We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume wealth without producing it.
—— George Bernard Shaw
Interpretation:
Shaw reminds us that we have two identities both as producer and as consumer. We should produce wealth first and then enjoy it. It is also true of happiness.
George Bernard Shaw
About George Bernard Shaw:
George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950): an Irish writer famous especially for his plays, which criticize society and the moral values of the time. His best known works include the historical plays Caesar and Cleopatra (《恺撒和克娄巴特拉》) and St Joan (《圣女贞德》), and the comedy Pygmalion (《皮格马利翁》), which was later turned into the popular musical show My Fair Lady (《窈窕淑女》).
⊙Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort.
—— Franklin D. Roosevelt
Interpretation:
According to Roosevelt, money alone does not mean happiness. True happiness comes when one has succeeded in doing something or when one has done something that has not been done before. The sense of achievement and job satisfaction will bring you immense happiness.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
About Franklin D. Roosevelt:
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882-1945): the thirty-second president of the US, from 1933 to 1945. He helped to end the Great Depression (经济大萧条) by starting the New Deal (新政), a program of social and economic changes. He also tried to give support to the Allies (同盟国) without getting the US involved in World War II, but when Japan attacked the US in 1941, he was forced to get the country to join the war. During his lifetime Roosevelt was elected President of the US four times.
⊙The surest way to happiness is to lose yourself in a cause greater than yourself. The secret of happiness is not in doing what one likes, but in liking what one does.
—— James M. Barrie
Interpretation:
Barrie believes that we should indulge ourselves in a right cause—a cause that is greater than ourselves. Once we have chosen the right cause, we should learn to love it and pursue it resolutely. If we are dedicated to what we feel obliged to do, we will surely do it well and the resulting sense of fulfillment will bring about true
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happiness.
James M. Barrie
About James M. Barrie:
James M. Barrie (1860-1937): a Scottish playwright and novelist. He is best remembered for his play Peter Pan (《彼得·潘》), a supernatural fantasy about a boy who refuses to grow up.
Section C Watching and Discussion
▇Watch the following video clip “Is Culture a Factor in How We View Happiness?” and do the tasks that follow:
1. Lynn Ianni (Psychotherapist) gives expert advice on happiness in the video. Pay attention to what she says and fill in the missing words.
Everybody?s philosophy is going to determine what they feel is their optimum level of happiness and what opportunity they have to actually attain it. So there are cultural factors that probably weigh in and as you independently try to figure out whether or not you are happy and what chance you have to increase your level of happiness, those cultural factors are gonna play a part. The messages that you received from your family, from your environment, from your philosophy or religious belief system or cultural belief system are all going to be relevant. And those things are things that you need to explore, understand, analyze, take apart, and modify.
2. Discuss the topic with your group members: Do you agree with the psychologist that cultural factors play a part in one’s happiness? ▇Answers for reference: (Open.)
Script：
Is Culture a Factor in How We View Happiness?
I think that different cultures have different expectations about what they believe is the optimum level of happiness. And some cultures really teach, you know, survival because of where that nation is or where that culture is in those moments and in that time. So if they allow a person to really believe that happiness is within their grasp that culture has an opportunity to sort of instill that belief across the board. Some cultures really prize self sacrifice, some cultures prize altruism, some belief systems or religious theories. Everybody?s philosophy is going to determine what they feel is their optimum level of happiness and what opportunity they have to actually attain it. So there are cultural factors that probably weigh in and as you independently try to figure out whether or not you are happy and what chance you have to increase your level of happiness, those cultural factors are gonna play a part. The messages that you received from your family, from your environment, from your philosophy or religious belief system or cultural belief system are all going to be relevant. And those things are things that you need to explore, understand, analyze, take apart, and modify. Because if you want to change how you feel within and those things are factors that are creating the feelings that you actually have especially if they are your cognitive frame work. You have to change the frame work in order for the picture to be different.
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Part II Listen and Respond
Section A Word Bank
commit suicide kill oneself deliberately 自杀 lottery▲ n. [C] a system in which many numbered tickets are sold, some of which are later chosen by chance and prizes given to those who bought them 抽彩给奖法 mean a. (of people or their behaviour) unworthy; unkind （指人或人的行为）卑鄙的，不 善良的 unfulfilled a. 未得到满足的；未完成的 Section B
Task One: Focusing on the Main Ideas
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.
1) According to the speaker, happiness _____________.
A) is not easily obtained by poor people
B) is what movie stars are most eager to obtain C) does not naturally follow wealth or success D) necessarily results from wealth or success
2) According to the speaker, happiness lies in the following EXCEPT ___________.
A) wealth obtained through honest effort B) wealth obtained by winning lotteries C) your contribution to others? happiness D) your successful work
3) Instead of being an end, happiness is a(n) ____________.
A) beginning B) process C) unattainable goal
D) business of the community
4) The passage is mainly about ____________.
A) the secret to happiness B) the definition of happiness
C) the misunderstanding of happiness
D) the relationship between happiness and wealth
▇ Answers for Reference: 1) C
Section C Task Two: Zooming In on the Details
▇Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard. 1) The world is full of very rich people who are as ___________ as if they were ______________.
2) If you obtain wealth through ________ or______________, you will not be happy with it. You will think you are a mean person.
3) Long-term happiness is based on ____________, and ______________, contribution, and self-esteem.
4) If your happiness depends on ______________, you will always feel unfulfilled because there will always be something ___________.
▆ Answers:
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2) B
3) B
4) A
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