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英语《考试说明》附录中部分熟词生义词学习一览表
序号 单 词 熟 义 生 义 1、到、在对面 1 across 横过; 越过 (adv/prep) 2、宽(adv) 2 add 增加,加起来 接着说, 补充说 1、演说; 正式讲演 2、对...讲演或发表演说(vt) 3 address 地址;住址(n) 3、称呼;用特殊的头衔称呼 4、写姓名地址(vt) 1、准许进入 4 admit 承认 2、接[容]纳;容许 学 习 要 点 He lives across the street.他住在街对面。 the house across the street 街道对面的房子 The river is 50 metres across. 河宽50米。 The tree measures 50 cm across. I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result.我还要补充说一下,我们对测试结果表示满意。 an address of welcome欢迎词 address a meeting向大会发表演说 address the whole nation 向全国发表演说 addressed me in low tones.低声与我交谈 How shall I address you? 我应当怎样称呼您呢? Don't address me as ‘boss’. 不要叫我“老板”。 address the letter /envelope 在信上写地址 The envelope is addressed to Jack Johnson, Esq. 信封上写着杰克·约翰逊先生收。 This ticket admits two people to the football match. 这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。 be admitted to /into Beijing University 被北京大学录取 The cinema admits about 2000 people.这座电影院大约可坐 2000 人。The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation. 这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。His illness admits of no delay.他的病不容拖延。 5 afford 担负得起费用 1、 与…成对照 6 against 反对, 逆着, 倚靠着, 2、防备;防御 1、 发表(意见等) 7 air 空气,天空 使通风, 使通气 抽得出(时间) He can't afford an hour for lunch.他抽不出一小时吃午饭I can't afford three weeks away from work.我无法丢下工作三星期。 against a dark background 与黑色背景成对照; The picture looks better against the light wall. 这幅画挂在浅色的墙上显得更美。 against the cold 防冷against a rainy day 防备雨天We are all taking medicine against the flu.我们都在服药预防流感。be prepared against war and natural disasters备战备荒 air one's views发表意见 She aired the room by opening the window. 她打开窗子使房间通风。 给予;使得到 8 allow 允许,准许 容许(of) allowed him £1000 for expenses 给他每年1000 英镑的开销 allow of no excuse不容辩解The situations allow of no excuse.形势不容许拖延; 形势刻不容缓。 . 体谅; 考虑到;顾及(for) 酌留;预计 单独地, 独自地 [用在名词或代词之后]只有, 唯有, 仅仅 upon 连用) 处理、料理(与to 连用) 击败,战胜(用于比赛中) 11 beat 连续击打, 揍 规律性地拍击 allow 10% for inflation 允许10%的通货膨胀 allow 15 minutes for delay 预留15分钟以防耽搁 Smith alone knew what happened. 只有史密斯知道发生了什么事。 The key alone will open the door. 只有这把钥匙能开这个门。 attend on / upon a very sick man attend to the problem beat sb at the table tennis match to beat a drum 击鼓The heart beats. 心脏跳动。My pulse beats normally.我脉搏正常。 搅拌 1、 鼓(翼) 1、 除…以外 [常用于否定句和疑超出、超过 12 beyond 限度] 问句] 以后 在...之外 1、 阻塞; 堵住,阻(大)块;13 block (大)片;街区 挡(vt) [表示范围, 晚于、迟于..., 到...to beat eggs 打鸡蛋 The bird beat its wings. 鸟扑打翅膀。 asked for nothing beyond peace and quiet.除平安和平静外一无所求 Don't stay there beyond midnight. 不要过了午夜还留在那儿。 Just beyond the fence.就在篱笆那边 The police have blocked the road. 警察已经封锁了道路。block out light阻挡光线 trees that block the view 2、 障碍物;阻塞(n) a block in the pipes 管道阻塞 to put up a road block 设置路障 预定 14 book 书 体格;体型 商店,商行 商业, 买卖, 交易, 生意, 营业 职责;本分 事情, 事物 You'll have to book up early. 你要早一点订座。 The secretary has booked the manager in at the Hilton Hotel. 秘书已经在希尔顿大酒店为经理预定了房间。 15 build 建造, 建筑 We’re of the same build.我们体型相同 a man of strong build体格健壮的人 He has a business in the town. 他在城里有一家商店。run / operate/ manage a business in business; on business It's a teacher's business to make children learn. 使学生学习是老师的责任。 Mind your own business. It’s none of your business. 17 capital 首都, 首都的 1、 资本;资金; 资方; The Smith Company has a capital of $ 30.000.史密斯公司有3万美元的资本。 We must allow for his youth.我们应当体谅他年轻。 9 alone 侍侯,照应,与on/ attend the very sick patients 照应重病人 10 attend 出席,参加 在[向]...的那边, The road is beyond that hill.路在山的那一边。 16 business . 2、大写字母 大写的(字母) 1、 指控(v /n) 收费,索价(vt) 18 charge 费用(n) 主管,负责 3、充电、装(满), 装料, 1、造币;铸币 charge a gun with powder 用火药填满炮 The government has decided to coin more one-yuan pieces. 政府决定再铸造一些一元的硬币。coin gold.铸造金币 2、猛冲;攻击;向前冲 The boy charged into the room. 男孩冲进屋里。Suddenly the wild animal charged at us.突然那头野兽朝我们冲过来。 Charge the enemy向敌人发起冲锋 capital letters 大写字母 Write your name in capitals. 用大写字母写你的名字。 He was charged with stealing a car. 他被指控偷了一辆汽车。(charge sb. with sth ; 类似 accuse sb. of sth) a charge of stealing 偷窃罪的指控 2、杜撰设计(新单19 coin 硬币 词或短语) 3、coin (adj.) 投币式的(操作需要一块或多块金属币的);自助式的 1、收(租, 税, 帐等); 募(捐) 2、领取(信件等);接走(人、物) 20 collect .收集 3、使镇静;集中(思想等) Do not coin terms that are intelligible to nobody. 不要生造谁也不懂的词语。 a coin washing machine. 投币洗衣机 collect the electricity fee收取电费。collect taxes.收税collect (raise) money 募集资金 Today it is his turn to collect the children from school in the community. 今天该轮到他把孩子们从社区学校接回去。 The old lady tried to collect her thoughts but she was too excited.\老太太力图镇定下来,但是太激动了。\you begin to make a speech, you should collect your thoughts and ideas.在你开始讲话之前,你应当集中你的思想和意念。collect one's emotions.镇定情绪collect oneself心平气和, 平心静气, 镇定一下 21 company 1、 陪伴、伴侣 公司, He kept me company. 他陪伴我。in the company of在...陪同下I had no company on the journey. 我在旅行中没有同伴。 Nothing contents her, she is always complaining. 没有什么能使她满意,她总是抱怨。contented himself with one piece of cake.(他)吃了一块蛋糕非常地满足 the content of silver in a ton of ore 一吨矿砂中银的含量 n.内容, 容量, 1、 使…满意或满目录, 满足(to one's 22 content heart's content心满意足 adj.满足的, 满意的, 愿意 2、含量 足vt. . 23 corner 角落, (街道)拐角处, 把…难住;使走投无路 1、依靠,依赖(on) 数数, 计算 24 count (down 倒计时) count 2、 认为;视为;看作 3、有价值;重要;有用 1、 占(时间或空间) 2、 走完(一段路程) 3、 行新闻采访 盖子, 封面 覆盖 4、 够付(费用) 足以抵补[补偿 5、包括;包含;论及 6、看完(多少页书) cover fifty pages in 15 minutes I want to cover 100 miles by dark. 我想在天黑之前走完100英里 cover a fire for a newspaper 为报纸采访失火的新闻 These expenses are covered by the state. 这些费用都由国家负担。cover the loss弥补损失 The review covered everything we learned last term. 这次复习包括上学期我们所学的全部课程。 Every second counts. 每一秒钟都很重要。 You really count with me.对我来说你确实很重要 )The town covers 5 square miles. 小镇占地5平方英里。 count it an honor (to do sth.) (把做某事)引以为荣 The dog cornered the rat. 狗把老鼠逼到一个角落。 You can count on my help.你可以依赖我的帮助 25 cover 着迷的;狂热的 26 crazy 疯狂的;精神错乱的;蠢的 日期 起始于(某时27 date 期); 属于(某时期) date back to / date from 28 develop 发展, 形成,研制,开发 吸引;拉;抽; 平局(vi. vt. & n) 冲洗(胶片、相片等) She's crazy about dancing. 她热衷于跳舞。 be crazy about [over]热衷于, 醉心于 ;爱上, 迷恋着补充:like crazy [mad] [口]发疯似地; 拼命地; 猛烈地They were running around like crazy.他们拚命地跑着 男女之间的)约会; She is my date.她跟我有约会。have a date with sb./date with 约会的对象;与…约会 sb. develop films /photos冲洗胶卷 draw a curtain across a window 把窗帘拉上 draw a sword拔出刀draw water from the well 从井中把水抽出来draw a lesson吸取教训 draw 20dollars from the bank从银行提取20美元draw a conclusion引出、得出结论 29 draw 画图 draw one's attention(to …)引起某人注意… The street accident drew a big crowd. 马路上的事故吸引了一大群人。 The game was drawn.比赛打成了平局。 The teams draw. 两队不分胜负。 The game ended in a draw. 比赛不分胜负 (平局;不分胜负) . 1、预定到达 预期的 与to 连用 30 due due to … 因为;由…引起;由于 2、(票据等)到期的,a bill due today 今天应付款的帐单 应付给的 When is the rent due? 房租应于何时支付。 Their plane is due in 15 minutes. 他们的飞机预定在15分钟后到达 Your report is due tomorrow. 你的报告应于明天交。 3、应有的,应得的,give due consideration to 给于应有的考虑 正当的 1、 使[采、利]用 31 employ 雇用 使进[加]入 写下或输入 A great deal of money is due to you. 这一大笔款是你应得的。 employ force 使用武力 Why didn't you employ the new method? 你们为什么不采用那个新方法呢? She employs her time wisely.她善于利用时间。(employ... as把...用作) 进入; 加入;32 enter 登录, [计]回车 1、胜任的 2、比得上(vt) enter (oneself[sb.]) for(替...)报名参加 We entered our names in the guest book; 我们在来客名薄上写下姓名;enter the data into the computer.把数据输入电脑 33 equal 平等的;相等的; 等于(vt) 练习;锻炼(v / n) John is quite equal to the job of running the office.约翰很能胜任主理这个办事处的工作。 None of us can equal her. 没人比得上她。 exercise one’s intelligence to solve the problem。运用智慧解决问题 运用(权力)等(v / n) exercise one’s right 运用自己的权利 34 exercise 开发, 开采 35 exploit 剥削(v) 利用(v) 1、快速的;快递的 exploit a mine开矿to exploit the oil under the sea 开发海底石油 exploit every opportunity 利用每一个机会 an express train 2、快车(= express the No. 12 special express to Beijing 36 express 表达, 表示 train) 快递服务;快件服务 3、快速地;用快递方式地adv (肤色)白皙的, (头发)金黄的(天气)晴朗的 37 fair 公平的 (adj.) 集市 商品展览会;商品交易会 adv village fair农村集市trade fair商品交易会 industrial fair工业博览会 You must play fair. fair skin.白皙的皮肤fair hair.金发 fair skies.晴朗的天空 to sent the parcel express 包裹寄快件 开往北京的12 次特快 公平地;公正诚实地 你必须公正处事。你必须公平地比赛。
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