smartphones, and they took over the functions of dozens of things we used to think were essential.
The smartphone story could even be a model for fighting climate change; not because smartphones use a small part of the energy of all the things they replace—although they do—but because they represent a different approach to design in general. And that approach is to focus on function rather than form. That requires focusing on understanding the underlying problem, and then engineering a wide range of potential solutions. This approach could revolutionize how we think about energy efficiency.
Traditionally, improvements in energy efficiency have mostly focused on individual devices, which can be quite fruitful. But focusing on individual devices is like if Apple had spent effort inventing a better alarm clock, a better CD player, a better calendar, and a better camera. Now with an iPhone, we don’t need the standalone devices at all, because it can function as all of them.
So when it comes to using energy efficiently, rather than just installing a more efficient heater, some people have focused instead on the desired function: staying warm. They designed and coated their house so well that they could get rid of their heater altogether, letting them heat their house with 99% less energy.
In the same way, rather than just making cars more efficient, what if we focus on the desired function— getting where we want when we want — and create an efficient transportation system where we can drive less or get rid of our personal cars entirely?
The most energy efficient car or heater is no car, or no heater, while still being able to get around and stay warm. In other words, it’s not thinking efficient, it’s thinking different. 32. What makes the iPhone a good example of environmental protection?
A. Perfecting individual devices. B. Combining possible functions. C. Adopting a minimalist design. D. Reducing the energy consumption.
33. According to the passage, what is the core of improving energy efficiency?
A. Using recyclable materials. B. Revolutionizing technologies. C. Figuring out various solutions.
D. Concentrating on the essential needs.
34. What does the author think of traditional practices in energy improvements?
A. Out-of-date. B. Ineffective. C. Adequate. D. Successful. 35. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Think out of the box. B. Differences make it unique. C. Be economical with energy. D. Step out of the comfort zone.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
New Year’s resolutions you should be making about time management
You likely already have too many goals and too many disappointments from this past year. So as you look ahead to 2020, the idea of adding more seems kind of exciting but also a bit forbidding. That’s why as a time management coach, I recommend that you do the opposite: 36
Know less
It’s okay not to be up-to-date on everything. To cut down on these distractions, you might turn off social media notifications on your phone. 37 Unsubscribe from notification emails or newsletters you don’t read regularly.
Resolution: I resolve to be less aware of \things so I can be interested in and present for the people around me.
Care less
This one may sound a bit unfeeling.You may want to be a kind and thoughtful person for your friends and family and to serve your clients well. 38 What that means is that you say \
Here is a way:
I am at the service of my customers Monday through Friday, during the day. 39 Being able to unplug from work in my personal time increases my ability to serve my clients well when I’m in the office.
Resolution: 40 Consequently, I can match my time with my highest priorities and take better care of the people closest to me.
Is it easy to do less? No. But will it lead you to the best outcomes in the end? Yes. You’ll thank yourself for it at the end of 2020. A. Resolve to do less.
B. Contact people face to face.
C. I have to manage my time strategically.
D. But I don’t feel the need to be available 24/7.
E. Alternatively, you could offload the apps altogether. F. I resolve to care less about what others want me to do.
G. But you can’t care about everyone who wants your attention professionally.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my husband, David, and I were taking our dog Joey for his evening walk. We were on our way home, 41 toward a bridge, when I heard some loud noises ahead. As we went near, I could see a(n) 42 sitting on the ground. It was a young man, crying and shouting, with his whole body shaking. I 43 and suddenly realized the 44 of the situation. High-speed trains ran over the bridge and it was a well-known spot for those who wanted to take their own 45 .
David and I 46 glances. There was no one around. I knew I would never be able to 47 myself if his death was reported the next day and I’d done nothing. I moved 48 toward the man and asked him if I could sit down, and then 49 myself onto the ground opposite him. I tried a few 50 questions: “What’s your name? How old are you? What do you do?” His answers were 51 . “Tommy. 23. Computers.”
“Are you OK?” I asked. “No, I’m not!” he 52 back. He lost control of his 53 —tears one moment; anger the next. I tried my best to make a 54 . I even retold the story of Neil Laybourn, who had 55 a man down from Waterloo Bridge in London 10 years ago.
“They’re great friends now.” I said. “Who knows? That could be us.” I was saying anything to calm him down, to show him I was a person who cared, and his life still 56 . Then I heard the sound of a train in the distance and knew this was it: the moment he could 57 himself out there.
Time slowed down. There was 58 . I told him my name, Joey’s name, where I lived, how I was a mother of three. When the train passed, I let out a 59 . By this time, Tommy’s cries were slowing down and he was stroking (抚摸) Joey. “He is a(n) 60 little thing, isn’t he?” he said.
41. A. running B. bending C. heading D. leading 42. A. object B. shadow C. body D. figure 43. A. froze B. yelled C. exploded D. hesitated 44. A. difficulty B. seriousness C. importance D. reality 45. A. life B. way C. time D. place 46. A. took B. shot C. stole D. exchanged 47. A. go with B. live with C. conflict with D. deal with 48. A. hopefully B. slowly C. casually D. quickly 49. A. applied B. landed C. dragged D. lowered 50. A. harsh B. tricky C. private D. gentle 51. A. single B. abundant C. simple D. honest 52. A. shouted B. whispered C. answered D. turned 53. A. emotions B. mind C. temper D. behaviours 54. A. contribution B. difference C. connection D. suggestion 55. A. brought B. reached C. forced D. talked 56. A. existed B. continued C. mattered D. suffered 57. A. throw B. push C. drop D. squeeze 58. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything 59. A. cry B. sound C. murmur D. sigh 60. A. brave B. sweet C. clumsy D. ugly 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Having a vegan diet might sound hard. However, in recent years, veganism (纯素食主义) has become one of 61 fastest-growing lifestyle trends in the world.
According to HuffPost, more than 3 million people in the United States are vegans. In the UK, about 542,000 people 62 (choose) veganism over the past decade.
What is driving this 63 (grow) in veganism? It is because people want to protect the environment. Producing meat and dairy products 64 (be) stressful for the environment. According to a study, global meat manufacturing causes about 18 percent of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. This figure is 65 (high) than all the world’s cars, trains and planes combined. Another reason is 66 many of today’s young people believe it’s wrong to kill animals for food.
For many people, veganism 67 (simple) means eating no meat, cheese or eggs, but going animal-free also applies to fashion and manufacturing. Every year more than a billion animals are killed 68 (make) leather products from their skins. Now, many brands are looking for other materials .The sports brand Puma has made shoes out of pineapple leaves. Tesla
is said to be removing animal-based leather 69 its seats. So, if you’re interested in 70 (protect) the environment, you might want to give veganism a try.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was studying in the UK, my school held a singing contest. I signed up although I really loved singing. I sang with a boy named as Steve. He’s one of my best friend. Unfortunately, I forgot the lyrics for a moment while they sang. I was standing onstage, look nervous. Not surprisingly, we lose the contest. I felt very sadly. Steve comforted me by saying, “There will be another chance.” One week late, at our school’s art festival, we sang a song together again. It was unforgettable and touching afternoon. I want to thank Steve, whom didn’t give up on me when I felt down.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 假定你是李华，是新华中学的学生。外籍教师Ms. Hall将到你班教课。请你代表班级给她写封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示欢迎；
2. 简要陈述你们班英语学习方面的问题; 3. 对英语课堂的期望。 注意：
1. 词数100左右
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Ms. Hall
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua
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