摘 要
在以信息技术为核心的时代，任何管理工作都离不开信息技术的帮助。如今的图书为了满足人们日益增长的精神文化需求，图书的种类和数量成倍的增加，图书的借阅工作日益频繁。因此，这就需要一个行之有效的图书管理系统来帮助图书馆工作人员更加方便、准确的管理图书的借阅工作。本系统的主要任务就是对图书、读者、借阅信息、查询进行统一管理，满足各类用户的需求。该系统的主要研究内容包括前台应用程序的开发以及后台数据库的建立和管理，对于前者要求应用程序功能的完备、易用。对于后者则要求建立数据的一致性和完整性。基于上述考虑，本系统是基于JAVA语言进行开发的，本系统利用Eclipse作为前端的应用开发工具，利用SQL Server 2005作为后台的数据库，通过对管理系统模块的研究，提出构造图书信息管理系统的方法，结合其它图书管理业务方面的常识，建立相关数据模型，利用面向对象开发工具对其进行设计与开发，使系统有良好的性能和较高的处理效率。
关键词：图书管理系统；数据库；面向对象
I
Abstract
In the era of information technology as the core, any management work rely heavily on information technology to help. Now, in order to satisfy the library spirit culture of people growing demand, the amount and type of books and books have multiplied the uses of the borrowing work increasingly frequent. Therefore, it needs to be an effective books management system management system to help the people who work in libraries is more convenient and accurate management work of the library borrowing. The system's main task is to readers, borrowing books, information query, unified management, and satisfy the needs of the users. This system includes main research and development foreground application of backstage supporter's database for the establishment and management of the application requirements, complete functions, easy-to-use, etc. For the latter requires establishing consistency and integrality of data based on the consideration, this system is based on a JAVA language development, this system using the Eclipse as front application development tool that uses SQL Server 2005 as a background, based on the database management system structure, puts forward the module of the library management information system, and by using the method of knowledge, combined with other books management business sense, establish relevant data model, using object-oriented development tool to design and development, make the system has good performance and high efficiency.
Key words: The books management system management system；Database；Object-oriented
II
目 录
摘要 ··········································································································· I Abstract ···································································································· II
第1章 绪论 ····························································································· 1
1.1 课题背景 ························································································ 1 1.2 国内外现状 ····················································································· 1 1.3 本系统的主要研究内容 ······································································ 1 1.4 本系统的主要特点 ············································································ 2 第2章 需求分析 ······················································································· 3
2.1 需求分析 ························································································ 3 2.2 系统目标 ························································································ 3 2.3 系统设计 ························································································ 3 2.3.1 系统的功能结构 ·········································································· 4 2.3.2 系统的执行流程图 ······································································· 5 第3章 系统的数据库设计 ··········································································· 6
3.1 数据库分析 ····················································································· 6 3.2 数据库需求分析 ··············································································· 7 3.3 数据库概念结构设计 ········································································· 7 3.3.1 图书信息实体·············································································· 8 3.3.2 读者信息实体·············································································· 8 3.3.3 图书借阅信息实体 ······································································· 8 3.3.4 图书分类实体·············································································· 9 3.3.5 图书订购实体·············································································· 9 3.3.6 操作员信息实体 ·········································································· 9 3.3.7 库存信息实体············································································· 10 3.4 数据库逻辑结构设计 ········································································ 10 第4章 系统的详细设计与测试 ···································································· 13
4.1 公共模块设计 ················································································· 13 4.1.1 数据库的链接及操作类的编写 ······················································· 13 4.1.2 MenuActions类的编写 ································································· 13 4.1.3 限制文本框长度类的编写 ····························································· 14
III
4.1.4 描述组合框索引与内容类的编写 ···················································· 15 4.1.5 在JLable上添加图片类的编写 ······················································· 15 4.2 主窗口的设计 ················································································· 15 4.2.1 主窗体概述 ················································································ 15 4.2.2 主窗体技术分析 ········································································· 16 4.2.3 主窗体的实现过程 ······································································ 17 4.3 系统登录模块设计 ··········································································· 17 4.3.1 系统登录模块概述 ······································································ 17 4.3.2 系统登录模块技术分析 ································································ 18 4.3.3 登陆模块实现过程 ······································································ 18 4.4 图书信息管理模块设计 ····································································· 19 4.4.1 图书信息管理模块概述 ································································ 19 4.4.2 图书信息管理模块技术分析 ·························································· 21 4.4.3 图书信息管理模块实现过程 ·························································· 21 4.4.4 单元测试 ··················································································· 22 4.5 图书借阅、归还模块设计 ·································································· 22 4.5.1 图书借阅、归还模块概述 ····························································· 22 4.5.2 图书借阅、归还模块技术分析 ······················································· 24 4.5.3 图书借阅、归还模块的实现过程 ···················································· 24 4.5.4 单元测试 ··················································································· 25 4.6 图书查询模块设计 ··········································································· 26 4.6.1 图书查询模块概述 ······································································ 26 4.6.2 图书查询模块技术分析 ································································ 26 4.6.3 图书查询模块实现过程 ································································ 27 4.7 格式化的文本框 ·············································································· 27 4.7.1 使用JFormattedTextField限制整数输入 ············································ 28 4.7.2 使用JFormattedTextField限制日期输入 ············································ 28 结论 ········································································································· 29 参考文献 ·································································································· 30 附录 ········································································································· 31 致谢 ········································································································· 41
IV
齐齐哈尔大学毕业设计（论文）
第1章 绪 论
1.1 课题背景
在我国信息化管理系统近年来日趋成熟，在采用计算机技术进行管理之前，图书的图书借阅工作是非常繁琐和复杂的。图书的借阅工作完全依赖于手工操作，不但费时费力而且还经常容易出错。读者在借书的时候首先要有一个借书证，工作人员把读者要借的书的信息卡与读者的借书证放到一起，并且在借书证上填写借阅信息，这就是手工操作时代的借书过程[1]。这样的借阅工作显而易见，效率非常低，由于工作量大所以数据不但容易丢失，且非常容易出错。总的来说，缺乏系统、规范的信息管理手段。利用计算机来处理这些流程无疑会极大程度地提高效率和处理能力。读者排队时间大大降低，读者可以花更多的时间在选择书和看书上。而且近年来，随着图书馆的规模逐渐扩大，图书数量也相应的大量增加，有关的图书的各种信息成倍增长。面对如此庞大的信息量，需要一套合理、有效、规范的图书管理系统，对图书资料进行统一、集中的管理。使用本程序之后，工作人员可以查询某位读者、某种图书的借阅情况，还可以对当前图书借阅情况进行一些统计，以便全面掌握图书的流通情况[2]。
1.2 国内外现状
信息技术的发展为图书馆的发展创造了良好的信息环境，目前社会上信息管理系统发展飞速，越来越多企事业单位引入了信息管理系统来管理信息，各大高校也相继采用了图书管理系统管理图书，取得很大的成效。国外的图书馆自动化系统是随着计算机技术发展而发展的[3]。并且较早实现了商品化，出现了不少知名公司，例如：美国的INNOPAC、SIRSI、及澳大利亚的HORIZON等，它们的产品技术开发已经很成熟，而国内的发展相对较晚，系统稳定性和安全性存在差距。但国内系统开发吸收了国外经验和技术，在中文书刊信息处理方面有很大优势，在技术方面，差距不明显。虽然国内起点晚，但也采用了流行的开发工具，如JAVA,VB,PB等[4]。
1.3 本系统的主要研究内容
本系统应用软件工程的设计思想，按照系统的开发流程完成了一个完整的图书管理系统[6]。同时，在程序的开发过程中，界面开发方面采用了Swing机制 ，Swing是一个
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