GRAMMAR “it”的用法（二）
上一单元，我们复习了it作代词的基本用法，并学习了it作形式主语、形式宾语的用法。本单元我们主要学习it在强调句型中的用法。
【语境展示】 观察下面几组句子中it的用法，然后加以总结。 1. a. It was cholera that killed him.
b. It was Iris that / who found him there.
c. It’s Lawrence that / who /whom you should be talking to. d. It was three weeks later that he heard the news.
e. It was in New Zealand that Elizabeth first met Mr. Cronje. 2. a. Was it in this year that the war broke out?
b. Is it Tracy that / who / whom you are looking for? 3. a. Why is it that everyone thinks he is selfish? b. What was it that they fought for?
4. a. It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday. b. It is what he said just now that makes me angry.
5. a. It must be your mother that / who / whom you are thinking of. b. It might be my two sisters that / who know her best.
6. a. It is not until the end of the year that the traffic laws will take effect. b. It was not until he was thirty that he started to paint. 【自我归纳】
1. it用在强调结构中，可以对句子中除谓语动词以外的成分加以强调。强调句型的基本结构是It is / was +被强调部分+ that / who / whom +句子的其余部分, 被强调部分指人时，用who（强调宾语也可用whom）或that，指事物时用________（第1组例句）。 2. 强调句型的一般疑问句形式是：Is / Was it +被强调部分+ that / who / whom +句子的其余部分（第2组例句）。
3. 强调句型的特殊疑问句形式是：________+ is / was it that +句子的其余部分（第3组例句）。 4. 强调句型也可强调状语从句、名词性从句等（如第4组例句）。 5. 在强调结构中，be前可使用表示推测的情态动词（如第5组例句）。
6. not ... until 句型的强调句的形式是：It is / was not until +被强调部分+ that +句子的其余部分（第6组例句）。 【即学即练】
I. 将下面句子改写为强调句（对画线部分内容进行强调）。 1. He bought a new coat for me. ____________________________________________________________ 2. The Prime Minister is visiting Japan at the moment.
____________________________________________________________ 3. The first attack started just after midnight. ____________________________________________________________ 4. Wendy had hidden the box under her bed. ____________________________________________________________ 5. The telephone rang when she was about to go to bed. ____________________________________________________________ 6. I did not realize what had happened until the next day. ____________________________________________________________ II. 根据提示改写下面句子。
1. It was the price that he was surprised at. （改写为一般疑问句）
____________________________________________________________ 2. It is Mary who has won first place. （改写为一般疑问句）
____________________________________________________________ 3. It was in Shanghai that I first met Philip. （对画线部分提问）
____________________________________________________________ 4. It is Tom who has painted the windows green. （对画线部分提问）
____________________________________________________________
5. A professor from Peking University gave us a speech yesterday. （对画线部分进行强调） ____________________________________________________________
6. The tourists were rescued with the help of the local guide. （对画线部分进行强调） ____________________________________________________________
7. It was in front of the post office that the traffic accident happened. （变为一般疑问句） ____________________________________________________________
8. Mary didn’t mention her own plan until near the end of the letter. （对not ... until ...进行强调） ____________________________________________________________
参考答案：
【自我归纳】 that；疑问词 【即学即练】 I.
1. It was a new coat that he bought for me.
2. It is the Prime Minister that / who is visiting Japan at the moment. 3. It was just after midnight that the first attack started. 4. It was under her bed that Wendy had hidden the box.
5. It was when she was about to go to bed that the telephone rang. 6. It was not until the next day that I realized what had happened. II.
1. Was it the price that he was surprised at? 2. Is it Mary who / that has won first place? 3. Where was it that you first met Philip?
4. Who is it that has painted the windows green?
5. It was a professor from Peking University that / who gave us a speech yesterday. 6. It was with the help of the local guide that the tourists were rescued. 7. Was it in front of the post office that the traffic accident happened?
8. It was not until near the end of the letter that Mary mentioned her own plan.
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