音乐可以帮助你放松一下。 (=The music will help to relax you.) 2) make or become less stiff or tight (=His muscles relaxed.)
3) make (effort or control) less severe
*You must not relax your control for a moment.
13. (L. 37) vain: adj.
1) too pleased with one’s own abilities or looks
*She’s vain of her beauty. 他极其自负。
(=He’s as vain as a peacock.)
2) without result; useless
*After a number of vain attempts to climb the mountain, we were forced to return to camp.
*It is vain to resist.
NB: vain的常用词组是in vain，意为“徒劳地，白白地”
CF: vain, empty, hollow & bare
这几个词都是形容词，都有“空的”、“空着的”之意。 vain 意思是“空洞的”、“空洞的”。
empty 主要表示某空间没有人或物，无任何内容。 hollow 表示物体内部是空的，如数、气球等。 bare 主要指某物的表面上是空的，无装饰的。
(Directions:) Fill in the blank with the above words and change the form where necessary. 1. The cinema was half ______.
2. We’ve made a ______ attempt to make him change his mind. 3. Don’t sleep on ______ boards.
4. The poor girl went on for another ten miles on an ______ stomach. 5. The walls look solid, but in fact they’re ____
14. (L. 44) emotion: n.
1) any of the strong of feelings of the human spirit *Love, hatred, fear and grief are emotions *Jack is a man of great emotion, easily given to tears. 2) strength of feeling; excited state of the feelings
*He described the accident in a voice shaking with emotion. *He thought of his dead child with deep emotion.
CF: emotion, feeling and sensitivity 这些词都是名词，都有“感情”之意。
emotion 表示人的精神、身体全部反映的一种状态，表现为人的任何强烈的感情。例如：
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*The speaker appealed to our emotions rather than to our minds. 演讲者激发了我们
的情感而不是启发我们的思考。
feeling 是常用词，意思是“感觉”、“感触”、“心情”，部分体现为精神，部分体现为身体，但
并不是具有情感反应特征的基本的感觉、反射或心境。除非有上下文的提示，一般不表明反应的性质、程度。例如： *Her feeling was that right would win. 她感觉公理会取得胜利。 *He had lost all of feeling in the left leg. 他的左腿完全失去了知觉。
sensitivity 意思是“感受性”、“敏感性”。例如：
*The dentist gave me an injection which reduced the sensitivity of the nerve. 牙医给
我注射一针以减轻神经的敏感性。（插入图片dentist）
15. (L. 48) be ashamed of: feeling foolish or uncomfortable because of (sth.) *You should be ashamed of your behavior!
他由于问了这样简单的问题而感到难为情。 (=He was ashamed of asking such a simple question.)
16. (L. 53) startle: vt. Give a sudden shock or surprise to
*You startled me! I didn’t hear you come in. *She was startled to see him looking so ill.
CF: startle, frighten & terrify
这组动词都是动词，都有“恐吓”的意思。
startle指短时间内叫人震惊的恐惧，可能造成突然的不由自主的身体不能动弹。例如：
*The clap of thunder startled us. 雷鸣般的掌声惊呆了我。
frighten是最普通的词，没有特殊的意义，仅表示“吓唬”或“使…害怕”。例如：
*Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs Richards quickly hid in the small
store-room under the stairs. 理查夫人不想吓唬这可怜的人，所以她很快地藏到楼梯下的小贮藏室里。
terrify 含义是“使恐怖”，受到这种惊怕的人是不能自制的
*Bruce engaged low gear and drove at a terrifying speed. 布鲁斯接通了低速挡，开车
速度快得令人害怕。
17. (L. 56) intensity: n. state of being intense
*The mayor didn’t realize the intensity of people’s feelings on the housing issue.
*The poem shows great intensity of feeling.
18. (L. 56) anxiety: n.
1) feeling of worry of fear
*They felt strong anxiety for her safety.
*After hearing their advice he had no more anxieties. 2) strong wish to do something; eagerness
*The teacher praised him for his anxiety for knowledge. *He always shows his anxiety to please his employers.
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Collocation:
anxiety about 对…的焦虑 anxiety for 为…的担忧
CF: anxiety, worry & concern
这些词都是名词，都有“担忧”、“担心”之意。
anxiety 主要指对不幸或失败的痛苦的恐惧和不确定。例如：
*At the most, he will experience feelings of anxiety, shame, insecurity, and helplessness? 他至多能体验到忧虑、耻辱、不安和无助感。
worry指扰乱人精神安宁的持续不断的疑虑或害怕。例如：
*I think rich people have about as many worries as poor ones. 我认为富人和穷人的烦恼一样多。
concern强调介入了思想不安的因素；它将严肃的思想和情绪结合起来。例如：
*Concern for man himself and his fate must always form the chief interest of all technical
endeavors? 对人类自身及其命运的关注，必将成为所有技术事业的主要关注内容。
19. (L. 57) tension: n.
1) worry or nervousness
*I am suffering from nervous tension.
你能适应大城市的紧张生活吗？
(=Can you adapt yourself to the tensions of life in a big city?) 2) degree of tightness of a wire, rope, etc.
*If you increase the tension of that violin string it will break.
20. (L. 63) tense: adj.
1) feeling worried or nervous; making people worried or nervous *The two countries began to discuss their tense relations.
(=There is a tense moment before we heard the news.) 2) stretched tight; stiff
*With his body so tense, it seemed as though he were listening for something. *Is the rope tense?
21. (L. 65) along with: together with
*He went on the journey along with his two friends.
她把钞票连同找回的零钱和发票一起重又放进抽屉。
(=She placed the bank notes, along with the change and receipts, back in the drawer.)
Collocation:
all along 始终, 一直
come along进展; 跟着来
get along 进展; 与…和睦相处
go along 进展; 前进; 同行
22. (L. 66) stretch out: spread out; straighten to full length
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*He stretched himself out in front of the fire. *The sea stretched out as far as I could see.
23. (L. 80) bring (sb.) back to earth: cause (sb.) to stop daydreaming; cause (sb.) to return to
reality
*Emily’s voice brought him back to earth.
*You had better bring yourself back to earth for an hour and cook us some dinner.
Collocation:
come back/down to earth （从幻想中）回到现实 on earth 人世间；究竟
24. (L. 81) in one’s mind’s eye: in one’s imagination
*In my mind’s eye I saw the cliffs rising sheer.
她在想象中酝酿自己的下一步作品。
(=She was writing her next piece in her mind’s eye.)
25. (L. 87) congratulate: vt. Speak to (a person) with praise and admiration for a happy event or
something successfully done *We congratulate her on having passed the exams.
(=Let me congratulate you on the birth of your daughter.)
26. (L. 91) media: n. means of mass communication, e.g. TV, radio, newspaper
*The media controls/control the news.
*Much of what children learn comes directly from the mass media. Text B
Ⅱ. Language Study
1. (para. 1) incline: v. (make sb.) tend to feel sth. or want to do sth. * I incline to the view that peace can be achieved.
* The Prime Minister is believed to be inclining towards an April election. * 尽管不是很确定，我还是倾向于相信他说的话。
(=Although not very convincing, I'm still inclined to believe what he said.) * She inclines to leanness. (=她体质属偏瘦型。)
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