参考文献
[1] 唐向宏,岳恒立,郑雪峰.MATLAB及在电子信息类课程中的应用[M].北京:电子工业出版
社,2009.
[2] 辜承林,陈乔夫,熊永前.电机学[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2010. [3] 孙克军,常宇健,孙会琴.电力拖动基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2011. [4] 潘晓晟,郝世勇.MATLAB电机仿真精华50例[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007. [5] 陈伯时,电力拖动自动控制系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2010. [6] 陈勇,陈亚爱.电机与拖动基础[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007.
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致 谢
由衷的感谢我的指导老师石彦辉讲师。在本设计过程中，屡次向老师请教学习，她严谨细致的工作作风、高度的敬业精神、严谨务实的学术作风、孜孜不倦的求学精神和大胆创新的进取精神激励并培养了我事实求是、认真踏实的学习态度，丰富了我所学专业涉及的相关知识。
通过本次设计，我学到了许多。在老师耐心的指导下，掌握了MATLAB的基础应用，深化了对电机内部结构与工作原理的了解。
Simulink仿真模块构建了电机的多种起动、调速、制动模型，仿真出了相对应的一些参数曲线。对这些曲线的研究，直观的分析了转速、励磁电流、电磁转矩、电枢电流等一系列的参数的变化过程。由此便可以方便快捷的找到适合不同类型、不同容量电机的最佳起动、调速、制动方法，以保证电机可以工作在安全、稳定、高效、节能的最佳状态。老师悉心的指引和讲解了在设计过程中遇到的疑难问题，在Simulink仿真过程中，不仅提供了我所需的相关资料，而且给我提出了许多意见和指示。
在本设计的写作过程中，论文的很多问题都是在常老师的指导和帮助下得以顺利解决的，石老师循循善诱的教导和不拘一格的思路给予我无尽的启迪，指出了许多容易被我忽视的设计细节，还给我提出了许多宝贵的意见。本设计的完成，使我对专业知识有了进一步的了解，使我更有信心迎接未来工作的挑战，我将牢记这段繁忙而精彩的充实的毕业设计生活。
最后，我要感谢我的母校“石家庄铁道大学”，向四年来对我精心栽培、谆谆教诲的老师们，表示由衷的感谢！
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附录A 外文资料翻译
A.1：英文
INDUCTION MOTOR STARTING METHODS
Abstract
Many methods can be used to start large AC induction motors. Choices such as full voltage, reduced voltage either by autotransformer or Wyes - Delta, a soft starter, or usage of an adjustable speed drive can all have potential advantages and trade offs. Reduced voltage starting can lower the starting torque and help prevent damage to the load. Additionally, power factor correction capacitors can be used to reduce the current, but care must be taken to size them properly. Usage of the wrong capacitors can lead to significant damage. Choosing the proper starting method for a motor will include an analysis of the power system as well as the starting load to ensure that the motor is designed to deliver the needed performance while minimizing its cost. This paper will examine the most common starting methods and their recommended applications.
Author Keywords: motor starting. Reduced voltage start auto transformer, wyes-delta, power factor correction
I. INTRODUCTION
There are several general methods of starting induction motors: full voltage, reduced voltage, wyes-delta, and part winding types. The reduced voltage type can include solid state starters, adjustable frequency drives, and autotransformers. These, along with the full voltage, or across the line starting, give the purchaser a large variety of automotives when it comes to specifying the motor to be used in a given application. Each method has its own benefits, as well as performance trade offs. Proper selection will involve a thorough investigation of any power system constraints, the load to be accelerated and the overall cost of the equipment.
In order for the load to be accelerated, the motor must generate greater torque than the
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load requirement. In general there are three points of interest on the motor's speed-torque curve. The first is locked-rotor torque (LRT) which is the minimum torque which the motor will develop at rest for all angular positions of the rotor. The second is pull-up torque (PUT) which is defined as the minimum torque developed by the motor during the period of acceleration from rest to the speed at which breakdown torque occurs. The last is the breakdown torque (BDT) which is defined as the maximum torque which the motor will develop. If any of these points are below the required load curve, then the motor will not start.
The time it takes for the motor to accelerate the load is dependent on the inertia of the load and the margin between the torque of the motor and the load curve, sometimes called accelerating torque. In general, the longer the time it takes for the motor to accelerate the load, the more heat that will be generated in the rotor bars, shorting ring and the stator winding. This heat leads to additional stresses in these parts and can have an impaction motor life.
II. FULL VOLTAGE
The full voltage starting method, also known as across the line starting, is the easiest method to employ, has the lowest equipment costs, and is the most reliable. This method utilizes a control to close a contactor and apply full line voltage to the motor terminals. This method will allow the motor to generate its highest starting torque and provide the shortest acceleration times.
This method also puts the highest strain on the power system due to the high starting currents that can be typically six to seven times the normal full load current of the motor. If the motor is on a weak power system, the sudden high power draw can cause a temporary voltage drop, not only at the motor terminals, but the entire power bus feeding the starting motor. This voltage drop will cause a drop in the starting torque of the motor, and a drop in the torque of any other motor running on the power bus. The torque developed by an induction motor varies roughly as the square of the applied voltage. Therefore, depending on the amount of voltage drop, motors running on this weak power bus could stall. In addition, many control systems monitor under voltage conditions, a second potential problem that could take a running motor offline during a full voltage start. Besides electrical variation of the power bus, a potential physical disadvantage of an across the line starting is the sudden loading seen by the driven equipment. This shock loading due to
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