地质工程江油填图实习报告(孙xx)

西南科技大学地质填图实习报告

I

四川江油让水地区地质填图实习报告

摘要：地质填图是地质工作的基础，其内容包括了地质工作的许多基本方法，在各种地质工作中占有十分重要的位置。地质填图实习是在学完普通地质学、地层学、构造地质学、矿物学、岩石学的基础上，通过地质填图的全过程，使学生初步掌握区域地质调查工作的基本层序、步骤以及数字化填图的理论与方法；学会对各类沉积岩的野外观察、鉴定和描述；初步掌握各类地质构造的野外观察、描述的方法；掌握岩石地层和填图单位划分的原则和方法；学会测制实测地层剖面的基本方法，初步掌握主要综合图件及地质报告的编制方法等??

实习区地层区划属于扬子区，龙门山分区北段。主要为中生界三叠系、侏罗系地层。地层走向与区内构造线方向基本一致??

沉积岩为测区仅有的岩石类型。其中地层以上古生界海相碳酸盐岩为主，碎屑岩次之。沉积岩主要包括陆源碎屑岩、泥岩和碳酸盐岩??

匡南地区，西北以江油为界，东南以香水断层为界，其间由一系列大致平行的向北西倾斜的断层和倒转褶皱组成典型的叠瓦式断褶皱层。江油市断层西北盘为泥盆系,石炭系组成的唐王寨大向斜,香水断层东南盘为中,新生界组成的四川盆地。区内褶皱﹑断裂多处可见被中侏罗统千佛崖组以不整合所覆盖??

关键词：江油、实习、三叠系、地层、侏罗系、产状、构造、断层、褶皱、灰岩、白云岩、砂岩、砾岩.

西南科技大学地质填图实习报告

II

目 录

第1章 绪言 ···························································································································· 1

1.1工作区域概述 ··································································································· 1

1.1.1地理位置及山川地势 ············································································· 1 1.1.2交通情况 行政区划 ··············································································· 1 1.1.3气候条件 植被情况 经济地理 ····························································· 2 1.1.4工作区域露头情况 ··············································· 错误！未定义书签。 1.2 实习工作安排情况 ·························································································· 3

1.2.1 工作目的 ································································································ 3 1.2.2 工作任务 ································································································ 3 1.2.3 实习时间 ································································································ 3 1.2.4 实习组织 ································································································ 4 1.2.5 工作方法 ································································································ 4 1.2.6 工作计划 ································································································ 4 1.3 前人研究成果 ·································································································· 5 第2章 地层 ·················································································································· 6

2.1概述 ··················································································································· 6 2.2分述 ··················································································································· 7

2.2.1三叠系(T) ································································································ 7 2.2.2侏罗系（J） ···························································································· 9 2.2.3第四系(Q) ······························································································ 10

第3章 岩石 ················································································································ 11

3.1碎屑岩类 ········································································································· 11

3.1.1 砾岩及角砾岩 ······················································································ 11 3.1.2 砂岩 ······································································································ 12 3.1.3 泥岩 ······································································································ 12 3.2碳酸盐岩类 ····································································································· 13

3.2.1 灰岩 ······································································································ 13 3.2.2 白云岩 ·································································································· 14 3.2.3 膏溶角粒岩 ·························································································· 15

西南科技大学地质填图实习报告

III

3.2.4 鲕粒灰岩 ······························································································ 15

第4章 构造 ················································································································ 16

4.1 各构造单元的基本特征 ················································································ 16

4.1.1唐王寨向斜 ··························································································· 16 4.1.2、江油断裂带 ························································································ 16 4.2 褶皱 ················································································································ 17

4.2.1唐僧坝背斜： ······················································································· 17 4.2.2 其他的小型褶皱 ·················································································· 18 4.3 断层 ················································································································ 19

4.3.1 文家坝断层 ·························································································· 19 4.3.2香水—让水断层 ··················································································· 19 4.3.3 其它小断层 ·························································································· 20 4.3.4其它构造 ······························································································· 21 4.4地质发展历史 ································································································· 22 第五章 矿产 ················································································································ 23

5.1矿产资源种类以及产出地质特征简述 ························································· 23 5.2区内矿产资源的远景 ····················································································· 23 第六章 地貌 ················································································································ 24 第七章 水文 ················································································································ 25

7.1 水文地质情况 ································································································ 25 7.2 水资源评价 ···································································································· 25 第八章 结束语 ············································································································ 26 参考文献 ······················································································································ 28

西南科技大学地质填图实习报告

第1章 绪言

1.1工作区域概述

1.1.1地理位置及山川地势

江油实习地区，位于四川省江油市西，属江油市让水乡、大康乡、永庆乡管辖，有公路由通口向南经香水场可到北川县城，让水距江油中区约十公里。实习区属于龙门山前山边缘带部的西南地区，面积约13.87平方公里，地势由西北向东南逐渐降低，山势走向为北东30°~ 40°，形成明显的五级山地阶梯地形。该区西北部为中山区，以雷公山、岳家山和关保山一线为代表。最高峰海拔为1579m，与其横切通口河底相比，切割深度达1000m；第二级以倒挂牌、唐家大梁包为代表的低中山带，一般海拔约1300米到1100米，切割深度达600米左右，其中主峰倒挂牌达1209米；第三级从黄家半坡至深坑子、前麻窝一线为代表的中低山地区，海拔高度尾900米左右，切割深度达400米左右；第四级分布较广，如观音梁山、文家大包、李白读书台（又称小匡山），以及王洞山等低山地区，其海拔高度一般为700米左右，切割深度200米左右；第五级为测区东南与川西平原过渡的丘陵地区，一般海拔为550米左右，其切割深度不足100米。此次实习区主要位于第四级区。

平通河是该区域内的主要河流，大致由北向东流动，经观音滩、让水后转向东南至彰明注入涪江。其主要支流为龙潭子河，集界池坝一带近30平方公里的地表水，汇集于龙潭子并于让水附近注入平通河。平通河及其支流都属于涪江水系，河水量随季节变化，水丰季节为七、八、九月，枯水季节为二、三月，其中二月份河水量最小。 1.1.2交通情况 行政区划

工作区所属的江油市是一个交通非常便利的城市。中国的第一条电气铁路宝（鸡）成（都）铁路复线纵惯全境114公里，境内有大小火车站14个，居全国之最，铁路

1