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医院管理
文1：
医疗质量、医疗安全与人民群众的利益息息相关,也是医患关系的中心,医院管理的核心. 提高医疗质量、确保医疗安全是一个不断提高、持续改进和完善的过程,需要建立强化管理的长效机制.
转变服务理念,建立和完善管理的长效机制,持续改进医疗服务质量,从整体上提高我国医院的管理水平.在提高医疗服务水平、保障人民群众健康,维护人民群众利益等面,取得更大的成效,为全面建设小康社会,构建社会主义和谐社会贡献更大的力量.
加强医疗服务的规与管理,提高医疗质量,确保医疗安全是医疗管理的核心容和永恒主题,在总结了原来工作的基础上,医政司进一步提出“建立和完善医疗质量保证和持续改进体系”建设.
加强辅诊质量控制 对医技科室,我们要求做到检查及时、操作规、结果准确、报告质量高.医院制定了“辅诊质量评价标准”,定期、不定期对医技科室工作流程、操作规程、报告质量、室间质控、会诊制度进行检查,对仪器保养、医学计量进行抽查.建立临床专家信息反馈、会审制,组织年轻临床、医技科室医师互相轮转,以提高辅诊质量和鉴别诊断能力.
除了对医院管理进行检查和监督,包括对市场、医疗机构和人员的检查和监督,以及对服务全过程的监控.对违规的行为,及时查处.发现问题,随时反馈到控制系统和准入系统,指导我们制定政策,修订有关的法律法规、部门规章. Obviously, medical quality and medical safety is closely related to the interests of the people,also is the center of the doctor-patient relationship, the core of hospital management. Raise health care's quality and ensure medical safety is a process of constantly improve. It's necessary to build a long-standing mechanism to strengthen management.
First of all, Change service concept, establish and perfect the management of long-term mechanism,improve medical service quality,improve the management level of hospital in our country as a whole.In improving medical service level,safeguard people's health,and protecting the interests of the people, etc., make greater achievements,for the comprehensive construction well-off society,building a harmonious socialist society contribute to greater strength.
Secondly, Strengthen and standardize the medical service management,raise health care's quality and ensure medical safety is the core content of medical management and the eternal theme,on the basis of the original work are summarized,the department further put forward %up and improve the national health care system of quality assurance and continuous improvement\
Strengthen the auxiliary diagnosis of medical quality control department,we check it in time,results of operation specification,accurate and high quality.Hospital has established \for medical department work process,operation procedures,reports,quality check,room between quality control and consultation system,spot check of instrument maintenance,medical measurement.Establishing clinical expert system of information feedback,came,organization young clinical,department of medical doctors turn to each other,in order to improve the quality of auxiliary diagnosis and differential diagnosis ability. In addition to the inspection on hospital management and supervision,including the market,medical institutions and personnel inspection and supervision,as well as to service
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the whole process of monitoring.Illegal behavior,investigation in a timely manner.Found the problem,feel free to feedback to the control system and access system,guide our policies,revised the relevant laws and regulations and departmental rules.
文2： “看病难”、“看病贵”长期困扰着城市普通居民，也成为从中央到地着力破解的重要民生问题。请分析这个问题出现的原因，你认为如才能解决这个问题？
How to solve the problem of cannot afford to see a doctor
Obviously, most of the peasant workers always can't afford to see a doctor when they work in other cities. When they are ill, they don't go to see a doctor unless their illness is fairly worse. Most of the cases they tolerate the disease or only go to see the doctors at a small clinic beside the streets. This can cause health problems to them and break the harmony of our society. So we must take some actions to solve the problem.
One of the most important reasons for this issue is that the drug price is too high for the peasant workers to charge. So the price department should take the responsibility to adapt the price properly. In that case, the drug price can be accepted in the ability of the workers. And then, the government should pay more for improving the medical facilities in the hospitals so that the sufferers can enjoy better treatment with less payments. Besides, the government can give some allowances to the peasant workers who just support their family with low wages. After all, they are working for the cities and making their contributions. At last but not least, rising low-salaried people's wages is of great necessary in some cases. Even without the money to pay for their rent or support their children's school fee , how dare they see a doctor with relief? Money is more important than their health or even their lives in their eyes at that time.
As long as the institutions at other aspects can be improved, I believe the problem of difficulties and high expense of getting medical treatment can be gradually solved
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新技术的应用
这个部分不太好找，我找了一些我觉得相关的容，比如，你可以说说中医西医的区别，西医就是有新技术，疗效快，但是副作用大，价格贵等等。说说医学的发展，也就是新技术的应用。
文1：
The development of medical science and technology
As the development of chemistry and biology, modern medicine is developing rapidly. It brings many benefits, but also brings a lot of problems. On the surface, the medical profession is at the forefront of the development of human health. But actually its progress is slow and conservative.
First, it makes many people live longer. Modern medicine has overcome many diseases that might take our lives in the past times, such as smallpox, typhoid and Sepsis. Since the development of science and technology in the field of medicine, patients can be treated in hospital and be cured eventually. And many pregnant women and their unborn babies have been saved by the doctors. Second, the advanced modern medicine has made some beneficial impetuses to the development of other industries. In recent years, the cosmetic surgery is developing rapidly. A lot of people have found self-confidence by it and the disfeatured people can restore their appearance through the cosmetic surgery.
Although it has so many advantages, there are many drawbacks in modern medicine. The modern medical model brings many disasters and much pain to patients. The medical corruption is very serious and common in modern society. Although many medical practitioners have engaged in the medical career with the dream of ‘save the life’ and ‘to be different’, but most of them soon involved in the game of the medical institutions. They write the prescription routinely and diagnose a lot of patients with very little time which lead to the medical accidents occur frequently.
Besides the medical corruption, the modern medicine itself has many problems. For example, the use of antibiotics, the human body has drug-resistance for about three years, but it needs ten years to develop a new antibiotic. The abuse of antibiotics has caused a still higher death risk. I keep thinking of a problem, whether the scientific instruments and medical equipments give us a true diagnosis. As Chinese all know, the Chinese medicine told us that the internal organs are all concerned. The modern Western medicine often takes temporary solution but not effect a permanent cure.
Finally, the medical system should be systematized and completed. The disease prevention is the weaknesses of the system. Now we go to hospital for treating only when we have diseases. The disease has formed and the harm has formed. This is an embodiment of the laggard behavior mode of mankind. The formation of a disease has the problem of one`s lifestyle, living environment and mental health. We lack a scientific and effective mechanism to study the formation of the diseases.
After all, the prospect of the modern medicine is great. One day, the poor doctor-patient relationship will be improved. The medical insurance system will be perfected.
文2：
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As the development of science, people’s medical care has been improved, when people get sick, they can go to the hospital and get the treatment, and then they will recover soon. Today western medicine is people’s first choice, the Chinese medicine is being ignored by more and more people. Compared to western medicine, Chinese medicine has its own advantages.
First, Chinese medicine won’t have or have less side effect. Western can work on people’s body soon, but it is true that the side effect is very obvious, such as headache, dizzy and get sick of the food. Chinese medicine takes some time to work, but without side effect. People can recover completely.
Second, Chinese medicine pays special attention to the food treatment. It is believed that taking pills will hurt the body, but the food treatment is different, people can adjust their diet to get healthy. Chinese medicine will not out of date.
随着科技的发展，人们医疗得到了很大的提升，当人们生病了，他们可以去医院治疗，然后快速康复。今天西药是人们的第一选择，中药被越来越多的人忽略。和西药相比，中药有它自身的优势。
第一，中药不会有或者只有少数的副作用。西药作用快速，但是事实上，副作用很明显，比如头痛，头晕和厌食。中药需要一段时间才能发生作用，但是没有伴随有副作用。人们可以彻底康复。
第二，中药特别注重食物治疗。人们相信吃药会损害身体，但是食疗不同，人们可以通过调整饮食来保持健康。中药不会被淘汰。
文3：
Traditional Chinese Medicine is an indispensable part of Chinese culture. It has made great contributions to the prosperity of China. Nowadays, both Traditional Chinese Medicine and western medicine are being used to cure people all around the world. The TCM, with its unique diagnostic methods, long history and remarkable effects, have been used to treat cancer and other serious diseases. Unlike the western medicine, the TCM has fewer side effects.
According to the survey data, TMC is used by 75% of the areas in China and has been very effective in the treatment of diseases such as diabetes, liver cancer, tumors, and bone fracture and so on. Great successes have been made in many areas through TMC cure. As to acute abdomen, there is no need to have an operation; all you need to do is drink a cup of Chinese herbs，while the western way takes more time and money. You may even take the risk of being infected after operation.
Comparing with the western medicine high fees, TMC has a more reasonable price that ordinary people can afford. I think in the future, TMC will be the mainstream in the health services in China. And our country should invest more money on the development on TMC; make sure is not going to fade away.
中医是文化不可分割的一部分，为的繁荣昌盛做出了极大的贡献。如今，中医和西医都被世界各地的医生用来治疗疾病。中医，以其独特的诊断手法、悠久的历史和显著的疗效被用来医治各种癌症和重大疾病。中药不像西药那样会产生多副作用。
通过调查数据，中医在中国75%的地区广泛使用，中医对于糖尿病、肝癌、肿瘤、骨折等
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等的疾病有着显著疗效。在中医疗法上，我们取得了很大的成就。对于剧烈的腹痛，并不需要开刀，你只需要喝下一杯草药就能够痊愈，而西疗法则需花费更多的时间和金,你甚至要冒着术后感染病毒的风险。
与西医高昂的费用相比，中医合理的价更能让普通人接受。我认为在不远的将来，传统中医会成为中国医疗服务的主流，我们的应增加对中医发展的投资，确保它不会被历史所淘汰。
文4：
Medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness.
Contemporary medicine applies health science, biomedical research, and medical technology to diagnose and treat injury and disease, typically through medication or surgery, but also through therapies as diverse as psychotherapy, external splints & traction, prostheses, biologics, ionizing radiation and others. The word medicine is derived from the Latin arsmedicina, meaning the art of healing.
In most countries, it is a legal requirement for a medical doctor to be licensed or registered. In general, this entails a medical degree from a university and accreditation by a medical board or an equivalent national organization, which may ask the applicant to pass exams. This restricts the considerable legal authority of the medical profession to physicians that are trained and qualified by national standards. It is also intended as an assurance to patients and as a safeguard against charlatans that practice inadequate medicine for personal gain. While the laws generally require medical doctors to be trained in \or Hippocratic Medicine, they are not intended to discourage different paradigms of health. Doctors who are negligent or intentionally harmful in their care of patients can face charges of medical malpractice and be subject to civil, criminal, or professional sanctions.
The Greek physician Hippocrates, the \approach to medicine. Hippocrates introduced the Hippocratic Oath for physicians, which is still relevant and in use today, and was the first to categorize illnesses as acute, chronic, endemic and epidemic, and use terms such as, \relapse, resolution, crisis, paroxysm, peak, and convalescence\
Working together as an interdisciplinary team, many highly trained health professionals besides medical practitioners are involved in the delivery of modern health care. Examples include: nurses, emergency medical technicians and paramedics, laboratory scientists, pharmacists, physiotherapists, respiratory therapists, speech therapists, occupational therapists, radiographers, dietitians, and bioengineers.
The scope and sciences underpinning human medicine overlap many other fields. Dentistry, while considered by some a separate discipline from medicine, is a medical field.
A patient admitted to hospital is usually under the care of a specific team based on their main presenting problem, e.g., the Cardiology team, who then may interact with other specialties, e.g., surgical, radiology, to help diagnose or treat the main problem or any subsequent complications/developments.
Physicians have many specializations and subspecializations into certain branches of medicine, which are listed below. There are variations from country to country regarding which specialties certain subspecialties are in. The main branches of medicine are:
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