中考考点—句法
一、句子种类：
I.陈述句（肯定式和否定式） 如：It snows. It doesn’t snow. 中考聚焦：
句型转换——肯定句转换为否定句
⑴变为否定句时，系动词、助动词或情态动词后加not。
[例1] The twins were happy to see their uncle. The twins ______ ______ to see their uncle. [例2] Mr. Smith works hard every day. Mr. Smith ______ ______ hard every day. [例3] The doctor could help that people. The doctor _____ _____ that people.
⑵由no, never, nobody, nothing,等构成的否定句; hardly, little, few，little等构成半否定句。其中: 两者的全部否定用neither或nor,部分否定用both + not.三者或三者以上的全部否定用none, nothing, nobody, no one等，部分否定用all, many, every加not构成
注意：如果肯定句中含有some，and，a lot of\\lots of，already，too\\also, both…and, everything\\everyone\\everybody, always等词(组)，要变为any，or，much\\many，yet， either, neither…nor, nothing\\nobody, never。
[例1] They had lots of friends in China. They _____ have ______ friends in China. [例2] I could dance and sing when I was five years old.
I ______ dance ______ sing when I was five years old.
⑶否定前移：在某些句子中，按语意应放在that从句中的否定词not被移前到主句的谓语动词中，这种否定提前的情况用于think, believe, suppose等动词 [例] He can make a model plane, I think. (否定句)
I ______ think he ______ make a model plane.
⑷一些特殊结构，变否定句时，在动词（词组）后直接加not。 [例1] Mother told me to go to bed early last night.
Mother told me ______ ______ go to bed early last night. [例2] Let’s play basketball on the playground this afternoon.
Let’s ______ ______ basketball on the playground this afternoon.
另外，还有ask sb (not) to do sth，Will you please (not) do sth，had better (not) do sth，try (not) to do sth, decide (not) to do sth等。 中考链接：
1. He has already finished his homework.（改为否定句） He ______ finished his homework ______.
2. Both of his parents were pleased with the result.（改为完全否定句） _____ pleased with the result.
3. Don't let him go boating today!(改为肯定句) _____ go boating today.
4. You'd better take it to your office.(改为否定句) You'd better_____ it to your office.
5. The children weren't playing on the playground.(改为肯定句) The children______ on the playground.
6. All of us want him to rest.（改为完全否定句） _____ of us ______ him to rest.
7. Mary does her homework on Sundays. ( 改为否定句)
1
Mary ______ her homework on Sundays.
8. Meimei has to look after her little brother at weekends. (改为否定句) Meimei______ to look after her little brother at weekends. 9. I think you are right.（改为否定句） I ______ think you ______ right.
10. She isn't going to wash anything on Sunday.（改为肯定句） She ______ going to wash ______ on Sunday. Ⅳ.
1. hasn't, yet2. Neither of his parents was 3. Let him4. not take 5. were playing
6. None, want7. doesn't do 8. doesn't have 9. don't, are 10. is, something
【2011山东临沂】七、句形转换（共6个小题，计6分） 78. There were some tigers in the mountains (改为否定句) There ______ ______ tigers in the mountains. 78. weren’t any
【2011贵州安顺】C. 句型转换，每空一词。
11. They had an English party last Sunday. (改为否定句) They _____ ____ an English party last Sunday. 11. didn't have
【2011上海】VII Rewrite the following sentences as required 65. We keep in touch with each other by email.(改为否定句) We _____ _____ in touch with each other by email. 65. don’t keep 【3】改为否定句
Both of the players are very popular in England. _____of the players______very popular in England. 【答案与解析】
Both“两者都”为全肯定。其反义词neither “两者都不”为全否定。either“两者之一”是部分否定。另外either和neither作主语，谓语动词应用单数。答案：Neither, is II疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句） Does it snow?
What’s the whether like?
Do you like playing football or golf? Which do you like, coffer or tea? It snows, doesn’t it? 中考聚焦：
句型转换——改成疑问句（注意：看清原句的谓语部分，有无助动词、情态动词等） 一般疑问句: 注意：动词和时态 选择疑问句: 注意：结构 特殊疑问句：注意：结构 特殊疑问句（对划线部分提问）:对划线部分提问是根据划线的内容提出一个特殊疑问句。即特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成。
做题技巧：看清划线对象，选择确定疑问词, 看清句子时态，注意人称，选用助动词
2
常见疑问词： （1）、主语：what; who; … （2）、谓语: what … do (with); how … deal with; … （3）、表语：how …; what colour; … （4）、宾语: what, which; whom; … （5）、宾补： what ? (to) do （6）、状语: how; when, how long; where; why; how ?; （7）、定语: which; whose; what kind of 中考链接：
【2011乌鲁木齐】87 .There are two hundred famous companies in Xinjiang from 19 provinces.(对划线部分提问)
______ _______famous companies in Xinjiang are there from 19 provinces? 87.How many
【2011广西百色】第二节 句型转换（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分。一空一词，错填不给分）
74. The nurse does all the housework in my home every day.(改为一般疑问句) ________ the nurse __________ all the housework in your home every day? 77. Jane will learn a new dance in the gym.(就划线部分提问) ___________ _________ Jane learn a new dance? 74. Does, do 77. Where will
【2011重庆江津】根据所给的提示，完成句子，每空一词，含缩略词。 66. Dave sometimes helps in the house at the weekend.(改为一般疑问句) Dave sometimes in the house?
67. Many visitors will come to our city in July .(对划线部分提问) many visitors come to our city? 66. Does help 67. When will
【2011四川乐山】81. We will turn off the lights for an hour on Earth Day.(对划线部分提问) ________ ________ we turn off the lights for an hour? 81. When will 【2011?兰州】
1. By comparing with others, you will find your problems are not so terrible.（划线部分提问） you find your problems are not so terrible? 答案：How will
【2011山东临沂】七、句形转换（共6个小题，计6分） 77. Alice has a tennis racket. (改为一般疑问句) ______ Alice ______ a tennis racket?
79. The twins are of medium height. (对画线部分提问) ______ ______ the twins look like? 77. Does, have 79. What do
【2011贵州安顺】C. 句型转换，每空一词。
15. The students will learn the group dance on the school playground. (对画线部分提问)
______ _____ the students learn the group dance? 答案： 15.Where will
【2011上海】VII Rewrite the following sentences as required
3
66. Our school organizes an English speech contest once a year. (对画线部分提分) _____ _____ does your school organize an English speech contest? VII. 66. How often
反意疑问句：反意疑问句的前半句为陈述句，后半句为简短的一般疑问句，在改写当中，要注意：
a. 前肯后否，前否后肯；
b. 人称、时态和数要保持一致；
c. 各种祈使句，反意疑问句的后半句都用will you，但Let’s…句用shall we；
d. 注意一些特殊词，如little，few，no，nothing，never等出现时，前半句表示否定的概念，后半句应用肯定形式。 反意疑问句知识要点：反意疑问句是由两部分组成的，前一部分是对事物的陈述（即陈述句），后一部分是简短的提问（即简短疑问句），中间用逗号隔开。
如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑问句；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑问句。两部分的人称和时态要一致。其回答是用yes或no来表示。 一、含be(is, are, was, were)动词的反意疑问句
其句型是：句型1:主语+ be+其它，isn’t(aren’t, wasn’t, weren’t)+ 主语? 句型2:主语+ be not+其它，is(are, was, were) + 主语? ① You are from America, aren’t you? Yes, I am. No, I’m not. ② It isn’t very cold today, is it? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
③ Tom was away yesterday, wasn’t he? Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t.
④ The Green weren’t at home last night, were they? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.
⑤ Mary is reading English now, isn’t she? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t. ⑥ Your parents aren’t going to have a party this Sunday, are they? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
⑦ The girls were singing when the teacher came in, weren’t they? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t. 注意：There be句型
① There is an old picture on the wall, isn’t there? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.
② There aren’t any children in the room, are there? Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.
③ There wasn’t a telephone call for me, was there? Yes, there was. No, there wasn’t.
④ There were enough people to pick apples, weren’t there? Yes, there were. No there weren’t.
二、行为动词的一般现在时的反意疑问句
其句型是：句型1: 主语+动词原形+其它，don’t I(you, we, they)? 句型2: 主语+ don’t+动词原形+其它，do I(you, we, they)? 句型3: 主语+动词第三人称单数+其它，doesn’t he(she, it)? 句型4: 主语+ doesn’t+动词原形+其它，does he(she, it)? ① You often watch TV in the evening, don’t you? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. ② The students don’t study hard, do they? Yes, they do. No, they don’t.
4
相关推荐：
loading