自学考试本科毕业论文
不同原料乳对酸奶稳定性的影响
学 院:食品科学与工程 专 业:食品加工与检验 姓 名: 学 号: 指导教师: 职 称:
论文提交日期:
摘 要
从原料乳的酸度,菌落总数等因素对普通凝固型酸奶的稳定性影响进行了研究。试验以不同的原料乳在相同的工艺条件下生产成普通凝固型酸奶,并在储存期内观察酸奶的乳清析出时间,跟踪测定成品酸奶的酸度及乳酸菌活菌数量的变化。结果表明:原料乳的酸度越高,菌落总数越高,酸奶储存期内乳清析出的时间越早,在储存过程中,酸奶酸度逐渐升高,活菌数量逐渐减少。
关 键 词: 原料乳; 酸奶; 稳定性; 酸度。
Influence of different raw milk on stability of yoghurt
Abstract
The effect of acidity and the count of bacteria colony of raw milk on stability of yoghurt was studied. Yoghurt was made with different raw milk by the same processing. The time of the whey appearance, the acidity and the count of lactic bacteria colony were determined. The result indicated that the higher the acidity was, the earlier the count of bacteria colony of the raw milk was, the earlier the whey appearance was. During the cold storage, the count of lactic bacteria colony of yoghurt was gradually declined .
Key words : raw milk; yoghurt ; stability ; acidity.
目 录
1 前言??????????????????????????1 1.1 试验的目的与意义???????????????????????1 1.2酸奶的起源与发展 ?????????????????1 1.3酸奶的营养功效 ??????????????????2 1.4酸奶生产的原料乳要求????????????????2 2材料与方法???????????????????????2 2.1材料与仪器 ????????????????????2 2.1.1试验样品 ????????????????????2 2.1.2试验仪器 ????????????????????3 2.1.3培养基 ?????????????????????3 2.1.4 菌种??????????????????????3 2.1.5 其他??????????????????????3 2.2 试验方法 ?????????????????????3 2.2.1 原料乳酸度的滴定 ???????????????3 2.2.2 原料乳菌落总数的测定??????????????3 2.3 酸奶的制作??????????????????????????4 2.3.1 生产发酵剂的制备????????????????4 2.3.2 凝固型酸奶制作工艺流程?????????????4 2.3.3 工艺操作要点??????????????????5 2.4 成品酸奶活菌数的测定 ???????????????6 2.5 成品酸奶酸度的滴定 ????????????????6 2.6 成品酸奶乳清析出时间的测定 ????????????6 3 结果与分析 ??????????????????????6 3.1原料乳酸度对成品酸奶稳定性的影响 ??????????6 3.2原料乳菌落总数对成品酸奶稳定性的影响 ????????8 3.3 成品酸奶储存过程中酸度的变化 ???????????9 3.4 成品酸奶储存过程中乳酸菌活菌数的变化????????10 4结论 ??????????????????????11 致 谢 ?????????????????????????13 参考文献 ????????????????????????14 作者简介?????????????????????????????15
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