2019届高三英语二轮复习 专题二 语法基础 第十讲 特殊句式练习

2019届高三英语二轮复习 专题二 语法基础 第十讲 特殊句式练习

句式结构需把握

Ⅰ 示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用

1．(2017·天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment ____________ I first came across my new neighbors.

that 解析：此处是“It is/was...that...”强调句式，强调的是when引导的时间状语从句，故填that。

2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is，____________(make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.

make 解析：句中动词短语置于句首，构成祈使句，故用动词原形。

3．(2016·天津卷)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____________ the coach picks up tourists.

that 解析：本题考查强调句型。at the hotel是被强调部分，缺少强调句式中的that，故填that。 4．(2017·陕西西安八校联考)As far as I can see, ____________ is no possibility that he will win the tennis match this time.

there 解析：句意：依我看，他没有赢得这次网球比赛的可能性。There is no possibility that...意为“没有……的可能性”，为there be 句型。故填there。

5．There is a house near the river.There lives a man in the house and there ____________ (be) a lot of fish in the river.

are 解析：此处表示河里有很多鱼。此处fish指的是鱼不是鱼肉，fish单复数同形，故谓语动词用复数are。

6．You should be fully prepared before going walking in the mountain.Above all，____________(bring)plenty of drinking water with you.

bring 解析：分析句子结构可知后一句缺少谓语，此处为祈使句结构。句意：去山里散步之前，你应该做好充分的准备。最重要的是，要带足够多的饮用水。

Ⅱ 通关点击 ____________________________________________________原则这样解读 1．强调句式

(1)强调句式的常用结构

陈述句：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who... 一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that...? It is/was not until...＋that...

It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.

只有通过倾听和相互理解，孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。 It was not until twelve o’clock last night that I went to bed. 昨天晚上我一直到十二点才睡。

Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket? 你是昨天在超市遇到你的老朋友的吗？ (2)强调谓语动词

强调谓语动词时，要在所强调的谓语动词前加助动词do, does或did。 The family did manage to send him to a technical school. 家里的确设法让他上技术学校。 2．祈使句

祈使句表“请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告”等。基本结构为：“动词(短语)原形＋连词＋句子(一般用将来时)”。有时为了加强感情色彩或特别指明向谁发出命令或要求时，可以加上you，Mary，girls等作为称呼。

Tom，water the flowers today！ 汤姆，今天浇花！ 3．反意疑问句

反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是一个附加在前一部分上的简单问句，本着“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，附加问句部分的动词以及主语取决于陈述句。 Your parents had a long talk with you last weekend, didn’t they? 你的父母上周末和你进行了一次长谈，是吗？

祈使句的反意疑问句一般用will you或者won’t you的形式。Let’s开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shall we；Let us开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you。 4．There be结构 There be/stands/lies... There is no possibility that... There is no sense of doing sth. There is no need to do sth. There seems to be...

there be句型的主谓一致，如果主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词be应该和离它最近的主语保持一致。

The Public Square is a famous sight of the city.There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures.

大众广场是这个城市著名的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那里。 5．感叹句

(1)what引导的感叹句

①What＋a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)! What a good heart you have! 你的心肠真好！

②What＋adj.＋不可数名词/可数名词复数！ What interesting stories he’s told us! 他给我们讲的故事真有趣！ (2)how引导的感叹句

①How＋adj./adv.(＋主语＋谓语)! How clever the boy is! 这男孩真聪明！

②How＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)! How clever a boy he is! 这男孩真聪明！

倒装原则要记牢

Ⅰ 示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用

1.(2017·四川部分名校联测)At the top of the hill____________ (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city.

lies 解析：当介词短语置于句首时，句子应用完全倒装，去除修饰部分which has a wonderful view of the whole city后，还原成正常语序为：An old cottage____________(lie) at the top of the hill.句意：山顶上坐落着一间能一览全城美景的古老小屋。结合定语从句的时态可以判断，此处应用一般现在时，故填lies。

2．(天津卷)Only after Mary read her composition the second time ____________she notice the spelling mistake.

did 解析：当only修饰的时间状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，且由本句时态可知应用一般过去时，故填did。句子还原为正常语序为：Mary noticed the spelling mistake only after she read her composition the second time.。

3．So necessary____________ I found it to learn about my kid’s schoolwork that I will visit his teachers next week.

have 解析：考查so...that倒装句式，正常语序为I have found it so necessary to learn about my kid’s schoolwork that I will visit his teachers next week.。

4. Not a single word ____________ he say when he was asked, which made his parents angry.

did 解析：否定副词not位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，由when he was asked可知应用助动词did倒装。

Ⅱ通关点击 ____________________________________________________原则这样解读 1．在下列情形下需要使用部分倒装：

(1)当否定词或带有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，常用部分倒装。这类词或短语有：little，few，never，seldom, rarely，by no means，not only，not until，at no time, under/in no circumstances，in no case，in no way, no sooner，hardly，scarcely等。

Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.

不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且也要给那些有需要的人提供药物治疗。 Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it. 我不知道这件事，也不关心。

(2)当only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，用部分倒装。

(湖南卷)Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.

只有当你找到内心的平静时你才能与他人保持良好的关系。 (3)so/neither/nor置于句首时，用部分倒装。

They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities. 他们喜欢交很多朋友，那些身有残疾的人也是如此。

(4)在so/such...that...结构中，当“so＋形容词/副词”或“such＋名词”位于句首时，用部分倒装。

So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 他说英语说得如此清晰，以至于别人都能听得懂。

(5)在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，当从句的表语/状语/动词位于句首时，用部分倒装。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。

Hard as they tried，they couldn’t make her change her mind. 尽管他们尽力了，但他们还是没能让她改变主意。 2．在下列情形下需要使用完全倒装：

(1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out等置于句首时，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词，句子需用完全倒装。此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。

The moment the bell rang，out rushed the children.