某行星上大气的折射率随着行星表面的高度h按照n=n0-ah的规律而减小,行星的半径为R,行星表面某一高度h0处有光波道,它始终在恒定高度,光线沿光波道环绕行星传播,试求高度h0.专题24-例1查阅依据费马原理求解:l??n0??h0??2??R?h0??n0??2?a??h0???R?h0??a?由基本不等式:
n0?n0????h0???R?h0???R?Ca?a?1?n0?n0???当??h0???R?h0?,h0=??R?时光程有最大值
2?a?a??1?n0?物像公?R即在?处存在光的圆折射波道?式2?a?返回依据惠更斯原理求解:
cc由?h0nhhnh??hMNhORccn0?ah0n0?a(h0??h)?R?h0R?(h0??h)h0???n?ah?a?hR?h??h?n0?ah0??R?h0???????00?0????n0?ah0??h?a?h?R?h0?1?n0?h0???R?2?a??光源形成的单心光束的顶点虚物点实物点被光具作用(折射、反射)后的单心光束的会聚点或发散点称作实像点或虚像点
AS根据费马原理可以推论,任一发光点所发光束经球面反射或折射后能成像于一点的条件是,从物点到达像点的所有光线的光程都相等yixO1P?Qi?hCy?S?FO?2OP?u2OQ?v222???y?h?h???22y??y?v1?1?1????u?x?1?v?x1????k?22?????u?x?x???y?vu???2uv22f2?y??h?y??hh??y对近轴光线??u?x????v?x??vx?2?u?x?2?v2?h222??yyyyh112?????llSO?u?x?y?h?v?x?y?h?x?h??h???????????u?v???h????S1????22r2u2v?uv?2?uvr?22B?????
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