2014届 本 科 毕 业 设 计（论 文）
基于单片机和GSM的瓦斯监测仪设计
Design of Gas Detection Instrument Based on MCU and
GSM
学 院： 工 学 院 专业班级： 电子信息工程1002班 姓 名： 朱 红 雷 学 号： 100105020225 指导教师： 王立红讲师 完成时间: 2014年3月10日
二〇一四年三月
论文题目：基于单片机和GSM的瓦斯监测仪设计 专 业：电子信息工程
学 生：朱红雷 签 名： 指导教师：王立红 签 名：
摘要
我国是世界上产煤大国，同时也是煤矿事故多发国家之一。有效的监控矿井的瓦斯浓度和温度，是减少事故发生的主要手段。为了有效地监控矿井的温度和瓦斯浓度，设计出一款高效率的瓦斯检测仪是非常必要的。本文介绍了以单片机为监控中心，借助GSM无线传输模块设计的煤矿井温度和瓦斯浓度无线监测仪，本设计采用单片机为监控中心核心器件，传感器监测被测地区的温度和瓦斯浓度，被采集到的模拟信号经A/D 转换，变成单片机可读取的数字信号，单片机对采集到的进行处理信息，并在LCD上显示出检测环境的温度和瓦斯浓度，单片机将收到的数据与安全值比较，超出安全值时，发出危险报警，便于矿工安全撤离，同时单片机通过GSM模块向管理人员的手机发送危险短信，使管理人员能够及时做出应急措施。经过实验室测验表明：该检测仪可以安全准确地采集矿井的瓦斯浓度，具有实时监控，无线数据传输和及时避险等多种功能。
关键词:传感器；单片机；无线传输
Title:Design of Gas Detection Instrument Based on MCU and GSM Major:Electronic and Information Engineering
Name:Zhu Honglei Signature: Supervisor:Wang Lihong Signature:
ABSTRACT
China is the world's largest coal producing countries, but also one of the coal mine accident prone countries. Gas concentration and temperature monitoring mine effectively, is a major means of reducing accidents. In order to effectively monitor the temperature and gas concentration of mine gas detector, design of a high efficiency is very necessary. This paper introduces the MCU as the control center, by means of temperature and gas concentration of coal mine wireless monitor GSM wireless transmission module design, this design uses a single chip as the control center core devices, sensors for monitoring the temperature and gas concentration area, were collected from the analog signal by A/D conversion, digital signal into a single chip readable made, single chip microcomputer was used to study the collected information, and display the temperature and gas concentration detection environment on LCD, data and safety comparison value MCU will receive, beyond the safety value, a danger alarm, convenient miner safety evacuation, and the MCU through the GSM module to send mobile phone SMS risk management, make management personnel to make timely emergency measures. Through the laboratory test shows: this instrument can accurately capture the mine gas safety, real-time monitoring, wireless data transmission and timely hedging and other functions.
Key words: Sensor; MCU; Wireless transmission
目录
前言 ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1论文研究的背景及内容 ......................................................................................................... 1
1.1 选题依据及意义 ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国家关于煤矿安全危险气体浓度的规定 ................................................................. 1 1.3 国内外研究水平和动向 ............................................................................................. 2 1.4 本论文的研究内容 ..................................................................................................... 3 2设计方案及论证 ..................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 系统模块设计 ............................................................................................................. 3 2.2 方案选择及论证 ......................................................................................................... 4
2.2.1 监控中心模块 .................................................................................................. 4 2.2.2 显示模块 .......................................................................................................... 5 2.2.3 数据采集模块 .................................................................................................. 5 2.2.4 信号放大模块 .................................................................................................. 6 2.2.5 模数转换模块 .................................................................................................. 7
3系统的硬件电路设计 ............................................................................................................. 7
3. 1 传感器信号采集电路设计 ........................................................................................ 7
3.1.1 MQ214传感器的基本工作原理 ..................................................................... 8 3.1.2 MQ214传感器的主要技术指标及参数 ...................................................... 8 3.1.3 MQ214传感器的应用设计 ........................................................................ 10 3.2 放大和模数电路设计 ............................................................................................. 10
3.2.1 uA741运算放大器 ...................................................................................... 10 3.2.2 TLC0832引脚功能及工作原理 ................................................................. 11 3.3 液晶显示电路 ........................................................................................................... 12 3.4 声音报警电路 ........................................................................................................... 13 3.5 GSM模块 ............................................................................................................... 14
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