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(2)astonishment n. to one's astonishment (3)astonished adj. be astonished that be astonished at/by sth. be astonished to do sth.
惊讶
令某人惊讶的是 感到惊讶的 对……感到惊讶 因/对某事感到惊讶 对做某事感到惊讶
①Beth astonished (astonish) us by losing much weight in such a short time.贝思在那么短的时间里体重轻了很多，这令我们很吃惊。
②To our great astonishment, he wasn't astonished at the astonishing news at all.(astonish)
使我们非常吃惊的是，他对这个令人吃惊的消息一点也不吃惊。
【导学号：】
particularly adv.尤其；特别地；特殊地
[经典例句] The hotel wasn't particularly good.But I had stayed in many worse hotels.
这家旅馆不是特别好，但我曾住过很多更差的旅馆。 (1)particular adj.
特殊的；特别的；挑剔的 细节；细目 对某事讲究/挑剔 尤其；特别地；格外地
n.
be particular about sth. (2)in particular＝particularly
①This kind of food is rich in nutrition，and in particular it contains a lot of minerals.
这种食物营养丰富，特别是含有大量的矿物质。
②He is a very open-minded man, and won't be particular about these small things. 他是个很开明的人，不会计较这些小事儿的。
direct vt. & vi.导演；指示；指挥 adj.直的；直接的；直率的 adv.直接地 [一词多义] 写出下列句中direct的词性和词义
①A policeman stood in the middle of the road，directing the traffic.vt.指挥
②I like to make friends with anyone who is open and direct. adj.直率的 ③The film directed by Zhang Yimou is popular with young people. vt.导演 ④He directed that we (should) keep calm in face of danger.vt.指示；命令 (1)direct sb.to someplace
指引某人到某处
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direct sb.to do sth.
direct (that) sb./sth.(should)
(2)direction n.
指引/命令某人做某事 do/be done
指示/命令某人/事做/被做
方向；指导；指挥；(常用复数)说明书
in every direction＝in all directions 朝四面八方 in the direction of under the direction of sb.
朝……方向 在某人的指导下
⑤If you had read the directions(direct)carefully, some mistakes in the exam would have been avoided.如果你仔细阅读说明的话，考试中的一些错误会避免的。
⑥The judge directed the defendant to remain(remain) silent. 法官命令被告保持安静。
诠释2个核心短语
pick out挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解 [一词多义] 写出下列句中pick out的含义
①A competition was held to pick out the best table tennis players. 挑出 ②Although he had not seen his sister for twenty years，he picked her out as soon as she got off the plane.
辨认出
③Having read the passage many times，I finally picked out its main idea.
pick up pick off
pick one's pocket
领会
拾起；捡起；收拾；整理；(偶然)学会； 用车接某人；收听到；身体好转 摘掉；摘下来 扒窃；掏包
④My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days. 我朋友住院几天后身体开始好转。
⑤On the way home，he found his pocket picked(pick)．在回家的路上，他发现他的口袋被扒窃了。
cut off切断；断绝
[经典例句] When Jason failed to pay his bill, the network company cut off his Internet connection.
詹森没有支付账单，网络公司切断了他的网络连接。 cut in cut down
插嘴；打断(谈话) 砍倒；削减
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cut up cut out cut away
切碎 删掉；剪除 砍掉；切掉
①When you give a speech，you'd better cut out unimportant details. 当你演讲时，最好删掉那些不重要的细节。
②She was really cut up when all her friends refused to help her. 当所有的朋友都拒绝帮助她时，她真的很难过。
突破2个高考句型
(教材P18)As Victor Hugo once said，“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”，and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. 正如维克多·雨果曾说过：“笑是能驱赶人脸上寒意的阳光”，直到现在为止没有人能比查理·卓别林更好地做到这一点。
关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句， as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
(1)as 引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如”之意，常放在主语之前，有时也可放在主语之后或主语之中。
(2)as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常被 the same，such，as，so等修饰。 ①As the saying goes，“A good beginning is half the battle.”(2014年江西高考·书面表达)
常言道，良好的开端是成功的一半。
②This is such a difficult question as nobody can work out. ＝This is such a difficult question that nobody can work it out. 这是一个那么难的问题，没人能解决。
[名师点津] which 引导非限制性定语从句，意为“这一点”，不可位于句首。 ③They've won their last three matches，which I think a bit surprising. 他们已经赢得了最后的三场比赛，我认为这一点有点令人吃惊。
【导学号：】
Unfortunately his father died，leaving the family even worse off，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.
不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难，因此，卓别林童年时期都在照顾他生病的母亲和弟弟。
leaving the family even worse off为现在分词短语作结果状语。
①The news shocked the public，leading to great concern about students' safety
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at school.
这条新闻使广大群众感到很震惊，引起了人们对在校学生安全的担忧。
②European football is played in 80 countries，making(make) it the most popular sport in the world.
八十个国家踢欧式足球，使它成为世界上最流行的运动。
[名师点津] 现在分词作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果，而不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。
③They reached the company out of breath only to be told(tell) they were fired.他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，不料被告知他们被开除了。
[多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型————————————
基础考点全面练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1． (direct) by the teacher，all the students have learned how to refer to the dictionary.
2．Those who are content their present situations will surely make no more advances in life.
3．Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
4．More children in Beijing will reach school age next year， (create) a shortage of primary school teachers in the capital.
5．The businessman has achieved great success in his career, but as a father，he is failure.
6．They are talking a whisper in order not to wake up the sleeping baby.
【答案】 1.Directed 2.with 3.when 4.creating 5.a 6.in Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1．He picked out some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris. 2．A number of new machines were introduced from abroad，result in an increase in production.
3．As far as I know, he made fortune by selling used cars.
4．Though he was bad off, he looked down upon those who had a lot of money. 5．With the electricity being cut off，all the machines had to stop working.
【导学号：】
【答案】 1.out→up 2.result→resulting 3.made后加a 4.bad→badly 5.去掉
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