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摘 要
本设计是一种温度控制系统，温度控制在工业生产和科学研究中具有重要意义。其控制系统属于一阶纯滞后环节，具有大惯性、纯滞后、非线性等特点，导致传统控制方式超调大、调节时间长、控制精度低。采用单片机进行炉温控制，具有电路设计简单、精度高、控制效果好等优点，对提高生产效率、促进科技进步等具有重要的现实意义。PID控制法最为常见，控制输出采用PWM波触发可控硅来控制加热通断。使系统具有较高的测量精度和控制精度。单片机控制部分采用AT89S51单片机为核心，采用Keil软件进行编程，同时采用分块的模式，对整个系统的硬件设计进行分析，分别给出了系统的总体框图、温度检测调理电路、A/D转换接口电路，按键输入电路以及显示电路，并对相应电路进行相关的阐述软件采用PID算法进行了建模和编程，在Proteus环境中进行了仿真。
关键词：PID;单片机；温度控制；Keil；Proteus
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Abstract
This design is a kind of temperature control system,The temperature control in industrial production and scientific research is of great significance.Belongs to pure first-order lag link, the control system has the characteristics of big inertia, pure lag and nonlinear, the traditional control overshoot and adjustment time is long, low control precision.By single chip microcomputer temperature control, has simple circuit design, high accuracy and good control effect, to improve the production efficiency, promote the progress of science and technology has important practical significance.PID control is the most common, the control output PWM wave triggering thyristor is used to control the heating on and off.Make the system has high accuracy of measurement and control precision.Single-chip microcomputer control part adopts single chip
microcomputer AT89S51 as the core,Using Keil software programming,Using block pattern
at the same time, analyzes the hardware design of the whole system, respectively, of the overall system block diagram is given, the temperature detection circuit, A/D conversion interface circuit, key input circuit and display circuit, and the corresponding circuit are related in this paper, the software, the PID algorithm is used for modeling and programming in the Proteus simulation environment.
Key words:PID；Single chip microcomputer；The temperature control；Keil；
Proteus
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目 录
1绪论 ......................................................... 1 2设计方案 ..................................................... 2 3系统硬件仿真电路 ............................................. 3
3.1 温度测量调理电路 .................................................. 3 3.2 A/D转换电路 ....................................................... 4 3.3 按键输入电路 ...................................................... 5 3.4 数码管显示电路 .................................................... 6 3.5 温度控制电路 ...................................................... 7
4 程序设计 ..................................................... 9
4.1 程序整体设计 ...................................................... 9 4.2 子程序设计 ....................................................... 11
4.3 源程序设计 ................................................................ 19
5 软件调试与运行结果 .......................................... 41 结论 .......................................................... 42 致谢 .......................................................... 43 参考文献 ...................................................... 44
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