2. Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation.
87年前,我们的先辈在这个大陆上创建了一个新的国家。
3. She will be back in the late ten days of June.
她将在6月下旬回来。
Five decades, a quarter of century ago, the first quarter of the year
50年 25年 第一季度
在年龄的表达上,英语并没有什么特殊的表达方式,而汉语却有自己独特的书面表达法。如30――而立之年, 40――不惑之年, 50――知命之年, 60――花甲, 70――古稀等,翻译时可加以转换。
4. No one believes that he is already over seventy years old.
没有人相信他已经年过古稀
由于英汉表达方式和习惯的不同,有时翻译时还得进行视点上的转换,从其对立面进行表达,才能使意思清楚明白。 5. She has been a widow only for six months.
她丈夫死了至今不过半年。
6. I couldn’t agree more.
我完全同意。
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7. - Is here a special rate by the month?
-Yes, there is a 10% discount.
按月计算有什么优惠吗? 有,可以打9折。
8. Such a chance has denied me.
我没有得到这样一个机会。
自然语序与倒装语序转换
句子的自然语序是主语在前,谓语在后,倒装语序主要是指主谓倒装。英语中倒装语序使用较多,主要是为了加强语气、突出重点、平衡句子结构等,而汉语中倒装语序使用相对较少,所以英译汉时,常常得将倒装语序转换为自然语序。 1. Slowly climbs the summer moon.
夏天的月亮慢慢地爬上来了。
2. These differences should not hinder us from establishing normal state relations, still less should they lead to war.
这些分歧不应妨碍我们建立正常的国家关系,它们更不应该引起战争。
3. In front of me walked the little man who once walked so fast I had to run to follow him.
瘦小的父亲走在前面,他曾经走得那么快,我得跑才能赶上他。
4. Up the road came a sound of creaking axles, and then a slow cloud of dust, and then a bull-cart bearing Ransic Bilbro and his wife.
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路那头传来了轧轧的车轴滚动声,徐徐地腾起一簇灰尘,接着出现了一辆牛车,车上坐着冉西·比尔布洛和他的妻子。
肯定与否定转换
由于英汉语言习惯的不同,英语中有些肯定句在汉语中习惯用否定句来表达;而有些否定句,在汉语中则习惯用肯定句来表达,即通常所说的“正说反译,反说正译”。英语否定句中常含有否定词no,not,never,否定前缀non-, in-, im-, ir-, dis-, 否定后缀 –less等的句子,汉语否定句则指含有否定词语“不”、“没”、“非”、“未”、“否”、“无”、“勿”、“别”等词语的句子。 肯定转换为否定
frost-free refrigerator 无霜冰箱 Freeze! 别动! Wet paint! 油漆未干! A pollution free car 无污染的车 Keep off the lawn! 请勿践踏草地! Keep your hands off! 请勿动手!
5. As he slipped his coffee, he opened a still damp morning paper, and began reading.
他一面喝咖啡,一面翻开油墨未干的晨报,看了起来。
6. Father’s attitude toward anybody who wasn’t his kind
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used to puzzle me.
以前我总不懂父亲为什么对那些脾气和他不一样的人采取那么个态度。
7. He went to an outdoor phone booth and dialed Chicago, then New York, then San Francisco. Silence. Silence. Silence.
他到一个户外公用电话亭,先给芝加哥、又给纽约、旧金山打了电话。 没有回音。没有回音。没有回音。
8. The naughty boy is far from honest and his excuse is pretty thin.
这个调皮的男孩很不老实,他的借口一点也站不住脚。
否定转换为肯定
9. You can’t be too careful!
你要特别小心。
10. But there is another story, a family saga, that may turn out to be important to unlocking the mystery of what actually happened between Lewinsky and the President.
但是,莱温斯基喝总统之间究竟发生了什么事,另外一个故事,即家史,最终对解开这个谜十分重要。
11. The United Nations Organization has not, so far, justified the hopes which the people of the world set on it.
到目前为止,联合国辜负了世界人民给予的希望。
12. Then, after the easy rolling Mid-lands, the dramatic Peak District, with its genuine steep fells, never fails to
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