B
For centuries China has been associated with rich culture and there’s no shortage of books. But that raises a problem: How do you find the book you want?
In ancient time the books were made of bamboo and wooden chips. After somebody finished reading a book, they would roll the book from the tail end and the top end would be left outside. Usually, two empty chips would be put in the top end and the chapter name written on the back of the empty chips. So when somebody took the book, they would know the content without opening it. This became the embryonic form (雏形) of the earliest bookmark.
During the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), silk books gradually replaced bamboo chips. To make it easier for readers to find the book, people would tie a small plate at one end of the roller marked with the book name or other information. The bookmark during that time was always made with bamboo, with flower patterns on the bamboo as decoration. Wealthy families used ivory as bookmark or hung the ivory bookmarks on the bookshelves.
In Tang Dynasty, printing made paper books become popular. The silk strip with book name was used as bookmark and stuck on the book cover. To distinguish (区分) with the bookmark of scroll (卷轴), the bookmark was called “floating mark” During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), hardcover and paperback books became thicker and the name began to be printed on the cover. So people began to place the bookmark inside the book to mark the reading process.
The bookmark we currently use come in various shapes and materials and are creatively designed.
25. What was a bookmark originally designed for? A. To decorate a book. distinguish social class.
C. To show the content of a book.
D. To mark the reading process.
B.
To
26. What appeared in the Warring States Period? A. Floating mark.
B. The bookmark of scroll.
C. Bookmarks with flower patterns. 27. What is the passage mainly about?
D. Empty chips with chapter names.
A. The function of the bookmark in China. B. Creatively-designed bookmark in China. C. Typical Chinese culture—floating mark D. The evolution of bookmark in ancient China
C
Is virtual reality sexist? Women experience more motion sickness than men while using VR, and researchers have suggested a novel theory, which is contrary to the commonly held view that motion sickness is caused when your senses provide conflicting information.
“Women are more likely to be influenced than men by motion sickness in general,” says Thomas Stoffregen at the University of Minnesota. “We wanted to know whether that was also the case with VR headsets.”
Stoffregen and his team ran experiments in which 36 people-half of them men, half of them women-played two VR games using the Facebook-owned Oculus Rift headset. The first game in which players had to push a small glass ball around a maze (迷宫) only made a few people feel sick. But the second game that involved taking a virtual walk around a ghost house set off feelings of sickness in 14 out of 18 women and only six out of 18 men.
Why were women more likely to be affected? Stoffregen’s answer is grounded in his broader ideas on motion sickness. He thinks that it is linked to “postural sway”-the slight movements our bodies make when we stand or sit still. People who sway more, he says, will be more likely to feel sick.
“Women tend to be smaller than men, they have a different body shape, and they have smaller feet than men of comparable height,” he says. “In a purely physical sense, there’s reduced stability (稳定) in the female body, so there’s an increased likelihood that any sort of disturbing motion stimulus will contribute to instability.” But not everyone agrees.
28. What can we learn from Stoffregen’s experiments? A. Women are more afraid of ghosts. B. VR headsets amaze all the people.
C. The virtual walk makes more women feel sick.
D. Oculus Rift is specially designed for the experiment. 29. What is Stoffregen’s theory? A. Women tend to be smaller than men.
B. Reduced stability leads to motion sickness. C. Women sway less when standing or sitting still. D. Motion sickness occurs when one’s senses conflict.
30. What would probably be discussed in the following paragraph? A. Ways to measure postural sway. B. Different opinions on the new theory. C. The influence of motion sickness.
D. More examples to support Stoffregen’s theory.
D
A multipotentialite is someone with many interests and creative pursuits (追求). It is easy to see your multipotentiality as a shortcoming that you need to overcome. And you might feel like something is wrong with you. But in fact there are some great strengths to being this way. Here are two super powers.
One: rapid learning. When multipotentialites become interested in something, we go hard. We observe everything we can get our hands on. We are also used to being beginners, because we’ve been beginners so many times in the past, and this means that we’re less afraid of trying new things and stepping out of our comfort zones. What’s more, we bring everything we’ve learned to every new area, so we’re hardly starting from scratch.
Second: adaptability. It is the ability to change into whatever you need to be in a given situation. Abe Cajudo is sometimes a video director, sometimes a web designer, and sometimes James Bond. He’s valuable because he can take on various roles. Fast Company magazine identified adaptability as the single most important
skill to develop in the 21st century. The economic world is changing so quickly and unpredictably that only multipotentialites are really able to meet the needs of the market. We have a lot of complex problems in the world right now, and we need creative, out-of-the box thinkers to solve them. In fact, some of the best teams are made up of a specialist and multipotentialite together. The specialist can dive in deep ideas, while the multipotentialite brings much knowledge of the project. It’s a beautiful partnership.
So to the multipotentialites, I say: Follow your curiosity down those rabbit holes. Embracing your many passions leads to a happier life. And perhaps more importantly-multipotentialites, the world needs you.
31. What may be the best title for the text? A. Think out of the box
B. Take advantage of your strength C. What you are is a multipotentialite D. Be proud of being a multipotentialite 32. Why are multipotentialites needed now? A. To satisfy people’s curiosity. B. To strengthen social support. C. To make up a great partnership. D. To deal with the changing world.
33. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Full of confidence. curiosity.
C. Without previous knowledge.
D. With much experience.
B. Out of
34. Why is Abe Cajudo mentioned in the passage? A. To prove his popularity. C. To display his various talents.
B. To share his personal affairs. D. To show his great adaptability.
Which of the following can best describe multipotentialites? A. Adventurous and flexible. C. Talented and stubborn.
B. Creative and considerate. D. Enthusiastic and smart.
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