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20GG年12月大学英语六级考试真题
PassageOne
Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Amidallthejoblosses,there’sonecategoryofworkerthattheeconomicdisruptionhasbeengoodfor:nonhumans.
Fromself-servicecheckoutlinesatthesupermarkettoindustrialrobotsarmedwithsawsandtaughttocarveupanimalbodiesinslaughter-houses,theseever-more-intelligentmachinesarenownotjustassistingworkersbutactuallykickingthemoutoftheirjobs.
Automationisn’tjustaffectingfactoryworkers,either.Somelawfirmsnowuseartificialintelligencesoftwaretoscanandreadmountainsoflegaldocuments,workthatpreviouslywasperformedbyhighly-paidhumanlawyers. “Robotscontinuetohaveanimpactonblue-collarjobs,andwhite-collarjobsareunderattackbymicroprocessors,”sayseconomicsprofessorEdwardLeamer.Therecessionpermanentlywipedout2.5millionjobs.U.S.grossdomesticproducthasclimbedbacktopre-recessionlevels,meaningwe’reproducingasmuchasbefore,onlywith6twerworkers.Tobesure,roboticsarenottheonlyjobkillersoutthere,withoutsourcing(外包)stealingfarmorejobsthanautomation.
JeffBurnstein,presidentoftheRoboticsIndustryAssociation,arguesthatrobotsactuallysaveU.S.jobs.Hislogic:companiesthatembraceautomationmightusefewerworkers,butthat’sstillbetterthanfiringeveryoneandmovingtheworkoverseas.
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It’snotthatrobotsarecheaperthanhumans,thoughoftentheyare.It’sthatthey’rebetter.“InsomecasesthequalityrequirementsaresoeGactingthatevenifyouwantedtohaveahumandothejob,youcouldn’t,”Burnsteinsays.
Samegoesforsurgeons,who’reusingroboticsystemstoperformanever-growinglistofoperations—notbecausethemachinessavemoneybutbecause,thankstothegreaterprecisionofrobots,thepatientsrecoverinlesstimeandhavefewercomplications,saysDr.MyriamCuret.
Surgeonsmaysurvivetherobotinvasion,butothersatthehospitalmightnotbesolucky,asiRobot,makeroftheRoomba,arobotvacuumcleaner,hasbeenshowingoffAva,whichcouldbeusedasamessengerinahospital.Andonceyou’rehome,recovering,Avacouldletyoutalktoyourdoctor,sothere’snoneedtosendsomeonetoyourhouse.That“mobiletelepresence”couldbeusefulattheoffice.Ifyou’reawayonatrip,youcanstillattendameeting.Justconnectviavideoconferencingsoftware,soyourfaceappearsonAva’sscreen. Isanyjobsafe?Iwashopingtosay“journalist,”butresearchersarealreadydevelopingsoftwarethatcangatherfactsandwriteanewsstory.Whichmeansthatafewyearsfromnow,arobotcouldbewritingthiscolumn.Andwhowillreadit?Well,theremightbealotofushangingaroundwithlotsoffreetimeonourhands.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
52.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstfewparagraphs?
A)Theover-useofrobotshasdonedamagetoAmericaneconomy. B)Itishardforrobotstoreplacehumansinhighlyprofessionalwork.
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C)Artificialintelligenceiskeytofuturetechnologicalinnovations. D)Theroboticindustryhasbenefitedfromtheeconomicrecession. 53.WhatcausedthegreatestlossofjobsinAmerica? A)UsingmicroprocessorseGtensively. B)Movingproductiontoothercountries. C)Thebankruptcyofmanycompanies. D)Theinvasionofmigrantworkers.
54.WhatdoesJeffBurnsteinsayaboutrobots? A)Theyhelpcompaniestorevive. B)Theyarecheaperthanhumans. C)Theypreventjoblossesinaway. D)Theycompetewithhumanworkers.
55.WhyareroboticsystemsreplacingsurgeonsinmoreandmoreoperationsaccordingtoDr.MyriamCuret?
A)Theysavelotsofmoneyforthepatients. B)Theybeathumansinprecision.（精确度） C)Theytakelesstimetoperformasurgery. D)Theymakeoperationslesspainful.
56.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutrobotics? A)Itwillgreatlyenrichliterarycreation. B)Itwillstartanewtechnologicalrevolution. C)Itwillrevolutionizescientificresearch. D)Itwillbeappliedinanyfieldimaginable. PassageTwo
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