According to Candice，her blogger friend，Preschool Mastermind gives adults a chance to relearn and master
the things that they failed to understand as children．“I realized all the significances of what we learn in preschool，”said founder Michelle Joni，“People come here and get in touch with their inner child．It’s magical．We are bringing ourselves back to another place，another time with ourselves when we are more believing in ourselves，more confident and ready to take on the world．”
“One person’s here because they want to learn not to be so serious．”Michelle said．“Another's here to learn to be more confident．”She explained that most of the classes were planned．However，Joni added that while the planned activities were fun，it was often the spontaneous(自发的)moments that attracted students．“It’s the things you don’t plan for，the sharing between friends and learning from each other．’’ 24. What is the purpose of Preschool Mastermind? A. To give adults a chance to return to childhood.
B. To help parents understand their children better.
C. To provide practical training courses for teachers. D. To introduce some ways of playing with children. A. Its customers. B. Its activities. A. enjoy freedom of thinking C. discover their inner abilities
C. Its environment. D. Its schedule
25. What is mainly discussed about Preschool Mastermind in Paragraph 2 ? 26. According to Candice，people come to this program to________.
B. realize their childhood dreams D. figure out childhood puzzles
B. She likes to make plans in advance. D. She gained confidence by sharing.
27. What do we know about Michelle Joni?
A. She used to be a preschool teacher. C. She founded Preschool Mastermind. 【答案】 24—27 ABDC
C
If you watch wolves, it’s hard to escape the conclusion that perhaps no two species are more alike behaviorally than wolves and humans. Living as we do in families, we can easily recognize the social structures and status search in wolf packs. No wonder Native Americans recognized in wolves a sibling (兄弟姐妹) spirit. And no wonder human males often face pressure to measure up as alpha males—to “wolf up,” as it were. The term alpha male indicates a man who at every moment shows that he’s in control in the home and who can become aggressive (好斗的).
This alpha male stereotype comes from a misunderstanding of the real thing. By observing wolves in free-living packs in Yellowstone National Park, I’ve seen that the leadership of the alpha male is not forced, and not aggressive to those on his team. “The main characteristic of an alpha male wolf,” the experienced wolf researcher Rick McIntyre told me as we were watching gray wolves, “is a quiet confidence. You know what you need to do; you know what’s best for your pack. You lead by example. You’re very comfortable with that. You have a calming effect.”
The point is, alpha males are not aggressive. They don’t need to be. “Think of an emotionally secure man or a great champion. Whatever he needed to prove is already proven,” he said.
There is an evolutionary logic to it. “Imagine two wolf packs, or two human groups,” McIntyre said. “Which is more likely to survive and reproduce: the onewhose members are more cooperative, more sharing, less violent (暴力的) with one another, or the group whose members are beating each other up and competing with one another?”
Thus, an alpha male may be a major player in a successful hunt, but after the takedown of the prey (猎物), he may step away and sleep until his pack has eaten and is full.
McIntyre has spent 20 years watching and studying wolves in Yellowstone for the National Park Service. He rises early, uses radio telemetry (遥感勘测) to locate a pack through a radio-collared pack member, then heads out with his spotting scope (观测镜) to observe the animals, keeping careful notes of their activities.
In all that time, he has rarely seen an alpha male act aggressively toward the pack’s other members. They are his family—his mate, offspring (both biological and adopted), and maybe a sibling.
This does not mean that alpha males are not aggressive when they need to be. One famous wolf in Yellowstone whose radio collar number, M21, became his name, was considered a “super wolf” by the people who closely observed his life. He was fierce (凶猛的) in defense of family and clearly never lost a fight with a male wolf. Within his own pack, one of his favorite things was to play with little pups (幼兽).
“And what he really loved to do was to pretend to lose. He just got fun from it,” McIntyre said.
One year, a pup was a bit sickly. The other pups seemed to be afraid of him and wouldn’tplay with him. Once, after delivering food for the small pups, M21 stood looking around for something. Soon he started wagging (摇摆) his tail. He’d been looking for the sickly little pup, and he went over just to play with him for a while.
Of all McIntyre’s stories about the super wolf, that’s his favorite. Strength impresses us. But kindness is what we remember best.
Biologists used to consider the alpha male the big boss. But now they recognize two systems at work in wolf packs—one for the males, the other for the females.
Doug Smith, the biologist who is the project leader for the Yellowstone Gray Wolf Restoration Project, said the females “do most of the decision making” for the pack, including where to travel, when to rest, and when to hunt. The matriarch’s (女族长的) personality can influence the whole pack, Smith said. Or, as McIntyre put it: “It’s the alpha female who really takes control of the pack.”
Clearly, our alpha male stereotype should be shaken off. Men can learn a thing or two from real wolves: less soar, more quiet confidence, leading by example, faithful devotion in the care and defense of families, respect for females, and a sharing of responsibilities. That’s really what wolfing up should mean. 28. What does the underlined “alpha male stereotype” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. That wolves have a sibling spirit.
B. That alpha males are aggressive and in control at home.
D. That wolves and humansare alike.
C. That humans face pressure to be alpha males.
29. Why is the example of M21 mentioned? A. To prove alpha males are tough if necessary. C. To illustrate that it is McIntyre’s favorite.
B. To compare it with other super wolves. D. To show how the research was carried out.
30. Which of the following images most resembles a real alpha male? A. A strict father who never smiles at his children. B. A father who does most of the decision making.
C. A general who never loses a battle in defense of his country. D. A powerful executive shouting at a board meeting. 31. The best title of the passage should be ________. A. Wolf families
B. The matriarch
C. Supreme bosses
D. Alpha males
【答案】 28—31 BACD
D
Too much TV－watching can harm children's ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree，new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.
One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third－graders.Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on maths and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.
A second study，looking at nearly 1，000 grown－ups in New Zealand，found lower education levels among 26－year－olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood.But the results don't prove that TV is the cause and don't rule out(排除) that already poorly motivated(刺激；激发) youngsters may watch lots of TV.
Their study measured the TV habits of 26－year－olds between ages 5 and 15.Those with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per weeknight during childhood，compared with an average of more than 2.5 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.
In the California study，children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest，while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.
While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores，it adds to accumulating (积累；积聚) findings that children shouldn't have TVs in their bedrooms.
32．According to the California study，the low－scoring group might________． A．have watched a lot of TV
B．not be interested in maths C．be unable to go to college
D．have had computers in their bedrooms
33．What is the researchers' understanding of the New Zealand study results? A．Poorly motivated 26－year－olds watch more TV. B．Habits of TV－watching reduce learning interest.
C．TV－watching leads to lower education levels of the 15－year－olds. D．The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain. 34．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．More time should be spent on computers. B．Children should be forbidden from watching TV. C．TV sets shouldn't be allowed in children's bedrooms. D．Further studies on high－achieving students should be done. 35．What would be the best title for this text? A．Computers or television B．Effects of television on children C．Studies on TV and college education D．Television and children's learning habits 【答案】32—35 ADCB
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分l0分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight：
◆ Schedule yearly exams. 36 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.
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