一． 比较对照型 1. 题型分析
比较对照型文章，要求作者就题目中提到的某一事物或者社会现象给出两个对立的观点， 然后将两种观点进行对比，并标明自己的看法和立场。所提出的两种观点有时候并没有对错之分，但有时候也可以根据常识判断出某一观点错我或者不成立。 2. 思路点拨
所谓比较对照型是指文章有两个段落是截然相反的两种观点。根据这一特点，从交际表达的角度来看，这两段一般是平行对等的，字数相差不能太多，最简单的写法是推荐大家把这种相对立的两段同事作为主题段落，而另外的段落作为非主题段落简要带过。 3. 黄金模板
模板1
As regards… there has been a heated discussion among the general public in our society. People who believe in its necessity point out that…
However, other people stand on a different ground. They believe that… As far as I am concerned, I prefer… 模板2
Recently, we may hear quite different opinions… Some contend that… By contrast, others hold that…
Considering one after another, I stand on the side of …/ As far as Iam concerned… 二． 现象或者观点阐释型 1. 题型分析
现象或观点阐释型文章要求考生对某一事物或社会现象进行客观的分析和评论。此类作文主要用于不能简单地以好或者不好来下定论的事物或者社会现象，如对互联网、广告、私家车等得看法。 2. 思路点拨
现象或观点阐述型的基本提纲结构为：在文章开篇引出题目要求讨论的现象或问题，第二段为人们或各方面关于此现象的观点，第三段则往往要求阐述“我”的看法或以“我”为例进行阐述。
根据这一特点，从交际表达的角度，现象或观点阐述型文章重在对观点的阐述。所以一般而言，第一段的现象描述不需很详细，简单带过或者稍加例证即可，但是，现象后面往往比较好构思出数据举例，也就是比较容易构思出“一句话”，所以建议现象或观点阐述型文章的第一段直接列举现象作为中心，然后用“一句话”来具体展现和支持；而第二段往往有多方观点或者关于现象的正反两面阐述，因而需要阐述的层次多，自然而然需要成为主体段落；最后一段推荐大家不必仔细阐述，而只在第二段提供的观点中选择相应的或者干脆做这种选择，并稍微提一下理由即可。 3. 黄金模板
模板1：
Nowadays, … thake an important role in … (background)
It goes without saying that… has both advantages and disadvantages. To begin woth, … in addition, … However, …
As a college student, I think… 模板2：
Recently it has been a common phenomenon…
When it comes to… different students hold different opinions. Some… While others…
As far as I am concerned, … 三． 问题分析型
1. 问题分析型作文要求作者针对给出的问题进行论述。题目所给的问题大多数是当今社会
的热点话题。作者要分析问题的原因或危害，并提出解决该问题的建议。 2. 思路点拨
问题分析型文章的基本提纲结构为：首段为问题展现，第二段或第三段为对问题的原因分析或解决方法分析， 而另一段则因话题不同而不同。
问题分析型文章其实与现象、观点阐述型文章的第一段是极其相似的。因为， 问题从本质上而言也是一种现象，即第一段直接例举问题作为中心，然后用“一句话”来具体展现和支持。 而对问题的原因或解决方法的分析段则建议成为主体段落，因为其比较容易分层展开。左右另外一段不必仔细阐述，简单带过即可。 3. 黄金模板
模板1： (preoblem)
Then how … in the first place … In addition … What’more … Put the above principles into practice… 模板2： (problem)
To (solve) this problem, there are at least … approaches. In the first place … In addition … What’s more…
Personally ( As far as I am concerned), I would like to … 四．应用叙述型 1．题型分析
四级考试中的应用文一般是给出一个特定的场景，要求考生根据该场景写一封信、海报、或演讲稿等。其内容大多数与日常生活贴近。
四级考试的继记叙文一般为叙议结合类型的，建有记叙文和议论文的特点。通常要求考生对某一事件的发生过程进行描述，最后针对该事件谈谈自己的感受或看法。 2．思路点拨 ①应用文
应用文是最应该关注交际功能的，其主体段的确应由其主要交际功能决定。对于应用文而言，提纲成为各段中心仍然要坚持，但对于首段一般还要考虑加入增加交际功能的句子，而末段之后也往往要补充表达交际功能的句子或者短语。其首末段根据应用文类型的不同都可有相对固定的写法，请具体参照各类型应用文模板。 ②记叙文
写好叙述类的作文，首先要分清脉络，对要写的事件或者人物进行分析，理清事情发展过程，即我们通常所说的五个“W”（what，who, when, where, why）及一个“H”（how）。框架确定后，即开始写作，在写作中要突出中心，详略得当。最后发表自己的看法或感受。 3．黄金模板 （1）应用文 ① 公开信 Dear… ,
I’m writing to you, …
Worse still, … However , …Moreover, … It’s high time that …
Thank you for your kindness! ②建议信
To whom it may concern,
I am sorry to occupy your precious time, but I really want to talk about… First of all, … To make matters worse, … In addition, … Last but not least, … I am looking forward to your reply. Best regards. ③感谢信 Dear … ,
It is a great pleasure to extend my sincere gratitude to you for …
You have always be so kind to me. … Without your help, I couldn’t have been able to … Once again I would like to express my appreciation to you. I wish I would have the chance to pay you back for all your kindness. With warmest regards!
Yours faithfully, … ④演讲辞
Ladies and gentlemen, dear friends,
Today, we are honored to have… / on behalf of … I am delighted to welcome all of you to …
As the chairperson of …, I have the pleasure to … Here, before the meeting is started, let’s … Now, let’s give … our warmest welcome. ⑤社团招募书
Welcome to our club! Our… club have varieties of colorful activities almost every week, such as …, aims at …
If you are accepted by our club, you will find you have made a wise choice. What’s more, there is no doubt that you will make good friends here and you college life will become more colorful and meaningful because of the valuable friendship.
If you feel interested in our club, you just need to fill in the form and we may contact you as soon as possible. Thanks for your attention and we are looking forward to your joining! ⑥招募海报 Dear… ,
As it is… the student union decides to…
This program is designed to… in the first… you are supposed to… in the last… , you will…
As long as you …, welcome to contact us at… ⑦导游词
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to… On behalf of… , I’d like to extend our warmest possible welcome to you
all. My name is… I hope…
Today, we are going to visit… The following is the shedule. The first sight we are going
to visit is… The next spot is… What’s more, … As a matter of fact, … During your visit, you
will… Also, …
Thank you, to better satisfy your needs, please put forward your valuable suggestions for
our services. Welcome your coming next time.
(2) 记叙文 模板1
… is a special occasion, on which, we can extend… I will never forget … AT that time … … I think… 模板2
It was a Tuesday morning and… was going on as usual, when… suddenly… , On my way back to…, I thought a lot. … Moreover, …
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