英语学习讲义
高三期末检测
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Is it possible to build muscle and meanwhile lose fat?Please allow us to bring the following two facts to your attention first．
Fact 1：Losing fat requires a caloric deficit(亏损)，which means consuming less calories than your body needs so that stored body fat is used for energy instead．
Fact 2：Building muscle requires a caloric surplus(盈余)，which means consuming more calories than your body needs so that new muscle tissue can be created．
And it’s this realization that leads those of us who want to build figure and lose fat ideally at the exact same time to wonder just how we’re supposed to make it happen?
The 4-week Online Workout Course professionally designed by Super Fitness will perfectly resolve the conflict，making it possible for you to both build muscle and lose fat．
Targeted groups：
●Male and female willing to be athletic． You’re promised to：
●Simply follow us along and keep your ears open to the tips and suggestions we keep giving while working out．The videos are follow-along．We’11 also immediately reply to any doubts or questions．
●Be able to lose two pounds of fat per week and get super fit． ●Save a lot of time by taking on-line course．No gym means no traffic! ●Save a ton of money with 25％off at the Year End Promotion． You’re only required to： ●Eagerness for a perfect figure．
●Willingness to tolerate some discomfort． Contact Super Fitness by clicking here!
只要坚持 梦想终会实现
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英语学习讲义
1．What’s the purpose of mentioning the conflict of building muscle and losing fat? A．To bring out the course． C．To stress importance． A．2．
B．To clear confusion． D．To warn the danger． C．6． B．A website． D．A biology magazine．
B
Yesterday，I drove my 23-year-old daughter to the nearby counseling center，to attempt once again to complete the treatment．I did my best to encourage and give her inspiring support as she was feeling anxious of the whole process．
While we were waiting，just minutes before the center opened their door，a young girl the same age as my daughter，came in．She had a beautiful smile I remember，and spoke of her desire to make a difference for others like my daughter from a11 she learned through her past drug abuse．I felt that she was sincere in her desire．It had been two weeks since her stopping the use of drugs．
My daughter was standing next to me and focused on doing her best to stay calm on the outside，while inside she was feeling quite anxious，so she barely noticed what this girl was saying．Yet，she did manage to open up and talk with her a bit about the noisy ceiling fan in the hall where we were waiting．
Next Friday，it will be a new opportunity for my daughter to try once again，as well as the possibility of being there for this young girl，too．I continue the example ot sell-love for my daughter，strengthening this skill，while encouraging my daughter’s positive changes．
I noticed yesterday，my daughter called her friends，“I am a strong woman!”This made me smile，as a sudden gift to me from when I had been speaking to her enthusiastically about how we are strong women，trying our best，and we overcome and win through our life challenges．Let her know I believe in her．While she was focused on the physical，in that moment，I think she was likely feeling strength in all ways，too．I hope so． 4．What was the problem with the author’s daughter? A．She was seriously i11． B．She lost bravery to face life． C．She had to receive an operation． D．She was suffering from drugs．
5．What did the author’s daughter talk about with the young girl? A．The room facility．
D．8．
2．How many pounds of fat in all does the course promise to lose?
B．4．
3．Where is the text 1ikely to be taken from? A．A newspaper． C．A fitness book．
只要坚持 梦想终会实现 2
英语学习讲义
B．The anxiety of treatment． C．The crowded waiting hall． D．The noisy patients around．
6．What do we know about the author’s daughter from the last paragraph? A．She made friends with the girl． B．She was cured completely． C．She regained confidence． D．She respected her mother．
7．What may be the best title for the text? A．We’re Enough，Waiting For Challenges B．We’re The World，Winning The Future C．We’re Strong Women，Trying Our Best D．We’re On The Hard Way，Lacking Self-Love
C
All animals—from humans to birds，worms and crocodiles—sleep，however，not all species sleep alike．Scientists have long puzzled over which aspects are truly fundamental．Now a new study on lizards(蜥蜴)suggests that sleep states once thought to occur only in mammals and birds have much older evolutionary origins．
Scientists had long doubted that birds and mammals are the only vertebrates(脊椎动物)to experience rapid eye movement(REM)，a sleep state in which the body is mostly immobile but the brain is overworking．During REM sleep，the brain produces high-frequency waves of electrical activity and the eyes turn suddenly from time to time．In humans，REM is closely linked to dreaming．REM is a pattern of slow-wave sleep，a state in which brain activity weakens and the waves become more consistent．This slower state is widely thought to be important to memory formation and storage．
“But scientists who looked for signs of REM and slow-wave sleep in reptiles(爬行动物) have had‘confusing’results，”says Gilles Laurent，a neuroscientist at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt，Germany．So he and his colleagues had planned to examine how the lizards—a common pet in Germany use visual information to chase treats．Using camera，the team found that the sleeping lizards’eyes twitched during the REM-like stage，just like other animals．They also found a very familiar pattern within the slower phase of the lizards’brain waves．Some scientists believe these waves help transform new information into memories by replaying past events quickly．
Although more studies are still needed to determine whether the function of these brain wave patterns is the same across species，the results suggest that these REM and slow-wave
只要坚持 梦想终会实现 3
英语学习讲义
sleep patterns could date all the way back to the common ancestor of reptiles，birds，and mammals．
8．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The origin of human dream． B．The definition and effect of REM． C．The features and course of memory． D．The advantages and disadvantages of REM．
9．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word“twitched”in paragraph 3 ? A．opened wide C．stayed closed
B．moved quickly D．kept still
10．How does the lizards’brain waves turn information into memories according to some scienfists?
A．By increasing their frequency slowly． B．By changing their pattern occasionally． C．By playing back the past events quickly． D．By connecting visual information effectively． 11．What can we infer from the 1ast paragraph? A．The function of the brain wave is the same． B．All the animals have the common ancestor． C．The sleep pattern of all the animals is the same． D．The study about sleep pattern has a long way to go．
D
A good way to look at failure straight in the face is by writing a failure resume(简历)or CV．Like social media，there，we usually only see our friends’“highlight part”．When we look at others’resumes，we get scared and think how ours doesn’t measure up．But even the most accomplished people have plenty of failure behind them—we just don’t see it．
Stefan felt this deeply as a scientist，so she wrote a different CV which of course boasted (夸耀)about her good grades，PhD，and published papers．But the way she deals with her failure CV is a model of what we could a11 do．
“My CV does not reflect my great academic efforts—it does not mention the exams I failed，my unsuccessful PhD or scholarship applications，or the papers never accepted for publication．During the interviews，I talk about the one project that worked，not about the many that failed，”writes Stefan in a column for Nature.com．
Stefan suggests keeping a draft on which you log，casually but regularly，every unsuccessful application，refused grant proposal and rejected paper．
And that’s the point：not to consider what we got wrong，but to use that information to
只要坚持 梦想终会实现
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