straight line.”以及后文中的例子可知选B项。文章中说的是不固定在地球上的东西在失去地球引力时会四处乱飞，其余三项中的例子都有所偏颇。
12．Where can we most probably read this text? A．In a research paper. C．In a travel magazine.
B．In a short story. D．In a student’s book.
D 解析：推理判断题。文章论述的是较为浅显的科学问题，所以不可能是出自科学论文或旅游杂志。又因为作者是从科学道理和事实方面进行阐述的，所以不是出自故事类刊物，只能是选于学生用的教材。
Ⅱ 七选五
If you’ve ever had a bad night of sleep, you know it’s difficult to stay awake in class when you’re tired. Classrooms can be boring and dark. 1.________ To keep yourself awake, you can try to participate in class.
Participate in class discussion. Ask and answer questions about the lecture. 2.________ Actually, it might be helpful to set a goal of answering or asking at least 3 questions per class. This is because talking will help you stay alert(警觉的)．
Take detailed notes. This is a good way to help you focus on the lecture and stay engaged. Listen closely to the lecture and try to take as detailed notes as possible. You can use different pens to mark different sections. 3.________
4．________ Listening actively is a great way to force yourself to stay awake because it requires engagement(参与) of your mind as well as your body. Even if you don’t take notes, listening actively can help you keep your eyes open for the contents of the lesson.
Interact with your classmates. 5.________ Engage in conversation and contribute meaningful points. Try to sit yourself near students who always volunteer to speak in class and you will have a lot to say in discussion.
A．Listen actively to the lesson. B．Some people may refuse to take notes.
C．And your teacher’s voice might make you sleepier. D．Try to take notes carefully to help you stay awake. E．Group discussions are a great time to keep you awake. F．This will help if you’re bored with the content of the lecture. G．You can also change colors occasionally to keep your mind alert.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在课堂上保持清醒的几点建议。 1．C 解析：此空设于段中，与本段第一句构成解释关系。本句和前一句都是对第一
句进行解释，说明前一天晚上休息不好对第二天上课的影响。
2．F 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的This指代的是前一句中的Ask and answer questions about the lecture.。
3．G 解析：此空设于段尾，是对前一句的进一步补充。本句前一句讲，你可以用不同的笔来标记不同的部分，此句进一步补充说明你也可以偶尔换一下笔的颜色来使你保持警觉。
4．A 解析：此处设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段后面的内容主要就是围绕积极主动地听讲而展开的。
5．E 解析：此空设于段中，是对前一句的解释。本句是通过举例对第一句中的Interact with your classmates.进行进一步解释。
B卷
Ⅰ 阅读理解
Though American runner Meb Keflezighi had retired(退役), he had one more task. At the age of 42, he ran the 2018 Boston Marathon(波士顿马拉松) to raise money for the Martin Richard Foundation(MRF). The organization, created by Martin’s parents, honors the memory of the eight－year－old boy who was killed in the terrorist attack at the 2013 Boston Marathon.
Born in Eritrea, a country in the Horn of Africa, Keflezighi has had to deal with many difficulties from the time he was growing up. “No running water, no electricity，” he said. “You had to go two, three miles to get wood so that you could have fire to cook.”
For Keflezighi, running has always been a way of life. “It’s what I love to do, and it’s who I am，” he said. Keflezighi won the 2014 Boston Marathon and the 2009 New York City Marathon, and got a silver medal at the 2004 Summer Games in Athens, Greece.
Keflezighi retired from competition after the 2016 New York City Marathon. But he decided to run one last race. “I’m happy with my achievements，” he said. “Now, I’ll help others reach their goals.”
On the morning of April 16, Keflezighi set out from the starting line with more than 27，000 other marathoners. They raced through Boston’s hilly streets, heavy winds and cold rain. Those were “the most difficult conditions I’ve ever run in，” Keflezighi said after the race.
Keflezighi finished in 3 hours and 13 seconds, nearly an hour slower than his winning time at the 2014 Boston Marathon. But this year, Keflezighi was running not for the prize, but for a cause.
“Marathon Meb”， as he is called, is still inspiring others. He said, “We all have difficult situations, but as long as we can overcome those, there’s the finish line waiting for us.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。马拉松名将Meb Keflezighi 在宣布退役之后又一次参加马拉松比赛，但这次他的参赛目的不是夺取冠军，而是为一个组织筹备资金。
1．Why did Keflezighi run another race after he had decided to retire? A．To raise money for an organization. B．To express thankfulness to Martin’s parents. C．To try running in the most difficult conditions. D．To encourage people to face difficulties bravely.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“Though American runner Meb Keflezighi...ran the 2018 Boston Marathon(波士顿马拉松) to raise money for the Martin Richard Foundation(MRF)．”可知，他再次参加比赛是为一个组织筹集资金。
2．How was Meb Keflezighi’s life like as a child? A．Hard. C．Exciting.
B．Lonely. D．Peaceful.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“Keflezighi has had to deal with many difficulties from the time he was growing up...‘You had to go two, three miles to get wood so that you could have fire to cook.’”可推断，Keflezighi 幼年时的生活非常艰苦。
3．What can we learn about the 2018 Boston Marathon? A．It was supported by MRF. B．It was held in very bad weather.
C．Keflezighi broke his own record at this race. D．Keflezighi decided to run another race after this one.
B 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“heavy winds and cold rain”和“the most difficult conditions”可知，2018年波士顿马拉松比赛举行当天，风雨交加，天气状况不好。
4．What does the underlined word “inspiring” in the last paragraph mean? A．Helping. C．Questioning.
B．Training. D．Encouraging.
D 解析：词义猜测题。画线单词的意思可以通过Keflezighi 接下来所说的话体现出来。他告诉人们：我们都会身处困境，但只要我们能够克服困难，就能到达终点。他的话是在鼓励人们要勇敢面对并克服困难。
Ⅱ 完形填空
It happened years ago when I was a poor freshman. I chose a cheap airline(航空公司) to fly back to __1__ after Christmas break. The airline __2__ my flight to Spokane and I was left overnight in Seattle.
As a 16－year－old young girl, I felt __3__ because I didn’t have enough money for a __4__ and how to spend a night became a problem. I stood at the customer service counter, __5__， trying to fight back tears. Then a woman __6__ me and said she’d like to take me to her home and she’d get me __7__ to the airport in the morning. Having gotten off the same flight as me, she had her own two kids to __8__， but she said, as a mother, she __9__ to leave me alone to spend the night in the airport.
She took me to her home and __10__ me to a good meal. And then she had her own kids __11__ one bedroom so that there was an extra room for me __12__ she gave me all her contact information and told me to __13__ my mom and let her know where I would stay. Now I have two kids of my own, living a super __14__ but happy life. Therefore, I __15__ even more the fact that a __16__， who had two children at home, was willing to help me in spite of the __17__. College was my dream, but my family faced a really tough situation and I was __18__ dropping out(辍学) then. It was this woman who made a __19__ in my life and her act caused me to have the courage to __20__ my studies. At last, I got a doctor degree. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者乘特价飞机回学校，但由于航班被取消，她滞留在机场。在一位好心妇女的帮助下她渡过了难关。她将对那位妇女的感激化为学习的动力，最后获得了博士学位。
1．A.town C．college
B．home D．business
C 解析：根据上文的It happened years ago when I was a poor freshman.及后文的College was my dream, but...可知，作者应该是圣诞节假期后准备返回大学(college)。
2．A.called off C．announced
B．gave up D．selected
A 解析：根据后文的I was left overnight in Seattle可知，航空公司应该是取消(called off)了作者的航班，作者滞留在西雅图机场。
3．A.tired C．curious
B．lonely D．helpless
D 解析：根据后文的because I didn’t have enough money...how to spend a night became a problem可知，作者没有足够的钱，晚上住哪里成了问题，作者感到很无助(helpless)。
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