2015九年级英语Unit 13. We are trying to save the earth! 单词
litter bottom fisherman coal ugly
advantage cost wooden plastic takeaway bin shark fin cruel harmful chain ecosystem industry law scientific afford reusable transportation recycle napkin upside gate president inspiration iron work metal creativity 短语
1. save the earth 2. noise pollution 3. solve the problem 4. cut down 5. be good for 6. go shopping
7. make a difference 8. hear of 9. cut off
10. not only…but also… 11. be harmful to…
12. at the top of the food chain 13. worse and worse 14. take part in
15. not… any longer 16. begin with 17. turn off 18. pay for 19. add up 20. take action 21. throw away
22. put sth. to good use 23. pull…down 24. upside down 25. win a prize 26. set up
27. be known for 28. look like 29. bring back
30. in the ocean’s ecosystem 用法
1. try to do sth
2. play a part in doing sth 3. used to do sth
4. instead of doing sth 5. start doing sth
6. remember to do sth 7. can’t afford to do sth 8. by doing sth
9. be good at doing sth 10. plan to do sth 11. hope to do sth 12. need to do sth
Section A
1.noise pollution噪音污染
noise此处做名词,意为“噪音”。
If you make noise at night, my dog will bark.如果你在晚上发出吵闹声的话,我的狗会叫。 辨析:noise, sound和voice noise sound 意为“噪音,喧闹声”,常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声 泛指自然界的各种声音 Don’t make any noise!别吵闹! Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。 The girl has a beautiful voice. 那个女孩嗓音很美。 voice 一般指人的声音,如说话、唱歌、谈笑等。Voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外,很少表示动物的声音 (2014 甘肃平凉)The boy didn’t sleep well last night because of the ___from the factory. A. voice B. noise C. music D. song
pollution不可数名词,意为“污染,污染物”,其动词形式为pollute There’s lots of pollution in the air here.这里的空气中有大量的污染物。 The river has been polluted by waste products from the factory. 这条河流已经受到工厂排放的废料的污染。
2.There were no more fish for fishermen to catch.不再有鱼让渔民去捕。(P97)
catch动词,意为“抓住,接住,及时赶上”,其第三人称单数为catches,其过去式为caught。 Cats like catching mice.猫喜欢捉老鼠
You’ll have to work harder to catch up with top students in your class. 要赶上班里优秀的学生,你得更加努力才行。 [拓展]由catch构成的常用短语:
catch a cold感冒 catch sb.’s eyes引起某人的注意 catch the train赶上火车 catch up with赶上,跟上 catch hold of 抓住
3. But it used to be so clean! 但过去它是那么干净!(P97)
Used to是一个固定结构,意为“过去经常”,后跟动词原型。Used to be“过去是。。。。。。”; Used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”,它表示过去存在某种状态或者过去经常性、习惯性的动
作,并意味着这种状态或动作目前已不存在。
She used to be an English teacher.她过去是一名英语老师。 He used to live in Paris.他过去一直住在巴黎。 【拓展】used to结构的句式:
(1)陈述句:“主语+used to+动词原形+其他”
I used to play with my friends after school.过去放学后我常常和朋友们一起玩。
(2)否定句:“主语+didn’t+use to+动词原形+其他”或“主语+usedn’t to+动词原形+其他” He didn’t use /usedn’t to come.他过去不常来。
(3)一般疑问句:“Did+主语+use to+动词原形+其他?”或“used+主语+to+动词原形+其他?”
Did you use to be a teacher? 或 Used you to be a teacher?你过去是老师吗?
4.Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river.是的,但人们正把垃圾扔进河里。(97) Litter不可数名词,意为“垃圾”
You can’t drop litter in the garden.你不能在花园里扔垃圾。
解析:litter rubbish garbage waste这四个词均含有“废物,垃圾”之意。 litter rubbish 指随手丢弃的垃圾 指任何成堆的、破损的、用过的或无用的东西,尤指弃掉的垃圾堆 指生活中的垃圾,包括厨房里的剩菜、剩饭或不能再用的食物 指任何被丢弃的东西 Please do not litter.请不要随手乱扔垃圾。 You’d better not throw the rubbish on the ground.你最好不要把垃圾扔在地上。 Don’t forget to take out the garbage after dinner.晚饭后不要忘记倒垃圾。 Waste is also becoming more hazardous.废弃物的危害也越来越大。 garbage waste 5.Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up! 镇上的每个人都应该参与清理它! (P97)
play a part in 意为“参与某事;在。。。。。。方面起作用”,后接名词、代词或动词-ING形式。 Education can play a part in it.教育可以在其中起到作用。 She plays an active part in politics.她积极参与政治活动。
6.This is turning beautiful places into ugly ones.这将把美丽的地方变成丑陋的地方。 Turn...into...固定短语,意为“使。。。变成。。” Please turn this into English.请把这个译成英语。 辨析:turn into与change into turn into 指形式上的改变,也表示状态上本质的改变 更强调的是外在形式上的改变 Water turns into ice.水变成了冰。 His face turned into red gradually.他的脸渐渐变红。 She changed into the working clothes.她换上了工作服。 change into
7.Yes, I used to be able to see stars in the sky.是的,过去我能够看到天空中的星星。(98)
Be able to意为“能够”,后接动词原形。 He will be able to help you.他能帮你的忙。
Luckily, he was able to escape from the big fire in the end.幸运的是,他终于逃出了大火。 辨析:be able to 与 can be able to 有人称和数的变化 表示有能力,往往是经过努力而获得的能力 表示身体或精神上自身所具备的能力 可用于多种时态 can 没有人称和数的变化 只有现在式(can)和过去式(could)两种形式,can还可表示请求、允许和推测 8.Jason and Susan, what are your ideas for solving these problems?贾森和苏珊,你们解决这些问题的建议是什么?(98)
Solve此处为及物动词,意为“解决”,其宾语常为problem.
We firstly should solve this problem.我们首先应该解决这个问题。 Tell me how to solve the problem.告诉我如何解决这个问题。
9.Well, to cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 哦,为了减少空气污染,我们应该乘公共汽车或地铁,而不是开车。(98)
(1)to cut down在句中作目的状语。动词不定式(短语)在句中作目的状语时,既可放在句首,也可放在句末,意为“为了。。。。。。”
I stayed there to see what would happen.我待在那儿,看看会发生什么。 To pass the English exam, I have to study English all day and all night. 为了通过英语考试,我不得不整日整夜学习英语。
(2013 四川内江)He hurried back home ___his schoolbag.
A.fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches (2)cut down 为固定短语,意为“减少;把。。。砍到;裁短;缩减”,cut此处作不及物动词,其过去式和过去分词均是cut
They cut down the big tree.他们把这棵大树砍倒了。
You’d better cut the article down to about 2,000words.你最好把这篇文章缩减到两千字左右。 【拓展】cut常见短语集锦:
(1)cut sb. Sth=cut sth. For sb.“为某人切某物”
He cut me a piece of bread.=he cut a piece of bread for me.他为我切了一块面包。 (2)Cut sth into sth“把某物切成某物
First cut the meat into small pieces.先把肉切成小块 (3)cut in“插话;超车”
Don’t cut in when others are talking.别人说话时别插话。 (4)cut off切断;隔断;断绝
The flood cut the villagers off from the rest of the world.洪水切断了村民们与外界的联系。
(3)instead of 此处作介词短语,意为“代替,而不是”,后面常跟名词、代词或动词ING形式,instead of doing sth.代替做某事
She went to school instead of staying at home.她没有待在家里而是去上学了。 I can go to the meeting instead of my sick brother.我可以替我有病的弟弟去开会。
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