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Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
(2019·陕西检测二)Whenever I hear a recording of John Denver “Sunshine on My Shoulders”， I find myself smiling, drawn to a love of and the outdoors I’ve had for years as a Michigan native. Walking barefoot to the lake, playing without shirts in the sunlight, and breathing air feel good. As a doctor I can tell you they are also good for your heart.
Studies have found higher rates of high blood pressure among people with the lowest sun exposure. One reason may be due to nitric oxide(一氧化氮), a gas whose function is activated when your skin is exposed to the sun’s rays. It reduces both heart attack and stroke risks. Vitamin D, which sunlight helps your body produce, is also linked to better health. So walk outdoors for 15 to 30 minutes daily.
In Japan, walking through forests to keep healthy has become a popular practice. Apparently they want to enjoy the fresh air. But research on 280 volunteers found that people had a reduced heart rate, and lower blood pressure when they walked through a forest than when they spent time in an urban area.
One of the consequences of modern society is that rarely is our body in direct contact with the ground. The earth has an electrical current. Direct contact with it may be stabilizing force for good health. Although “earthing” or “grounding” is considered alternative by mainstream medicine, research shows that the practice seems to be able to reduce heart disease risks.
So, walk around barefoot wherever possible, let your backyard grass tickle your feet, and dig your toes into sandy beaches.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者通过叙述自己的经历、感受和一些研究发现，告诉人们户外活动有益于心脏。
1．The first paragraph is meant to ________. A．show the author likes the song very much B．put forward the argument of the passage C．suggest that the author loves nature crazily D．indicate the author is a Michigan native
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知，作者写这段的目的是提出文章的论点。 2．Sunbathing’s good for heart because ________. A．the sun’s rays make nitric oxide work B．sunlight can help people keep warm C．the sun’s rays can help replace vitamin D D．vitamin D reduces blood circulation
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One reason may be due to nitric oxide(一氧化氮), a gas whose function is activated when your skin is exposed to the sun’s rays. It reduces both heart attack and
singing the sun fresh
stroke risks．”描述可推知，日光浴对心脏有好处是因为阳光能使一氧化氮工作。
3．It’s believed that walking through forests can ________. A．make people popular B．help breathe in fresh air C．reduce blood pressure D．help escape noisy cities
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“But research on 280 volunteers found that people had a reduced heart rate, and lower blood pressure when they walked through a forest than when they spent time in an urban area．”描述可知，人们普遍认为穿过森林可以降低血压。
4．The best title of the passage should be ________. A．Nitric Oxide Has Magic Functions B．Walking Barefoot Builds the Body C．Sunbathing Is Good for Health D．Outdoor Activities Benefit the Heart
D 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“Walking barefoot...for your heart．”及最后一段可知，这篇文章的主旨是户外活动有益于心脏。
B
(2019·武汉毕业班5月训练)The Maltese Islands are rich in Neolithic(新石器时代的) sites. G·,gantija in Gozo, Tarxien, and the Qim/Mnajdra Complex here on Malta’s south coast are perhaps the most known. These piles of stones are some of the earliest known man－made
structures in the world. They are showing their age a bit, but what would you expect for buildings that are five and a half thousand years old? My house was built in the year 2000 and is already in bad condition round the edges. These temples are older than the pyramids!
In my opinion the temples are best seen after the visitors have left. Come with me for a late afternoon walk down the hill past Hagar ·, Qim towards the Mnajdra Complex. There are chain link fences around the temples now but we can ignore those and try to imagine why Malta’s earliest people took the trouble to build these structures on this windy and poor hillside.
Of course the temples would have looked rather different when they were constructed. They may have been decorated with pigments and possibly even roofed with animal skins or other materials. Who knows? We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1，000－year period or so.
Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar·, Qim is the easiest if you have a car. Or if you don’t mind a hike, you could get a bus to Qrendi (3 km away) or Z·,urrieq (5 km away)and walk from there. Warning: although the distances are not too great, walking several kilometers in the Maltese sun can be very hard and possibly dangerous. Take water and sunscreen.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了马耳他的一些著名的建筑群。 5．What makes the writer wonder about the temples?
Hagar·, well－
A．Their history. B．Their appearance. C．How they were built. D．When they were built.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“These piles of stones are some of the earliest known man－made structures in the world．”及第二段中的“There are chain link fences around the temples now”以及文章大部分是对寺庙的外观进行描述可推知，作者对这些寺庙感到好奇的地方是它们的外表。
6．What are we aware of about the construction of the temples? A．They have been transformed. B．They look the same as before. C．They were carefully designed. D．They are not what they used to be.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1，000－year period or so．”可推知，我们对寺庙的建筑结构的了解是它们不再是过去的样子了。
7．How can we admire the sites getting the least sunburn? A．By hiking there. B．By riding a car. C．By taking water. D．By taking a bus.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar·, Qim is the easiest if you have a car．”和最后两句话可知，我们可以通过驾车去欣赏这些地方，以便有最少的太阳光照射。
8．Where can we possibly find the text? A．In a political speech. B．In historical fiction. C．In a travel magazine. D．In a geography textbook.
C 解析：文章出处题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中的“Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar·, Qim is the easiest if you have a car. Or if you don’t mind a hike, you could get a bus to Qrendi (3 km away) or Z·,urrieq (5 km away) and walk from there．”可推知，这篇文章可能来自旅游杂志。
Ⅱ 完形填空
(2019·成都毕业班摸底测试)In April 1952, I was 11 years old and in the sixth grade at an elementary school. My teacher was Miss Pemberton. It was spelling bee time in our city—students were issued with brochures of words to study in 1 for the class spelldowns(拼字比赛). They would lead to a schoolwide contest and 2 qualification for the citywide spelling bee, where school 3 competed for the 4 of being the spelling champion of Houston.
The day 5 the class spelling bee, my youngest brother was playing with matches and 6 set a
fire in our apartment. My mother made sleeping arrangements for all of us and 7 the school in the morning to inform Miss Pemberton of the accident, 8 that the class spelling bee was that day.
When I arrived at school, Miss Pemberton 9 me aside. She asked if I wanted her to 10 the spelling bee to another day because of my 11 about the fire. I told her no. That day, I won the spelling bee for my class.
The next week was the school spelling bee, with class champions 12 . I won again! The 13 spelling bee was one month away.
Every Sunday afternoon, Miss Pemberton would pick me up，and we would go to her house, where she would help me 14 by calling out spelling words. After a couple of 15 ， Miss Pemberton would 16 me to Rettig’s ice－cream parlor, where I could 17 a hot chocolate sundae(圣代冰激凌) which I’d never had. We practiced every 18 until the citywide spelling bee.
I did not win the citywide spelling bee, but I still felt 19 to have participated. I also felt grateful that I had such a 20 teacher in elementary school.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了十一岁时“我”参加拼字比赛的故事。 1．A．need C．preparation
B．exchange D．return
C 解析：根据该句中的“students were issued with brochures of words to study in ______ for the class spelldowns(拼字比赛)”可知，老师给学生们分发了单词手册，以便他们为班级拼字比赛做准备。in preparation for为固定搭配，意为“为……做准备”，故C项正确。A项意为“需要”；B项意为“交换”；D项意为“返回”。
2．A．actual C．hopeful
B．final D．lucky
B 解析：根据该句中的“They would lead to a schoolwide contest and ______ qualification for the citywide spelling bee”可知，班级比赛后便是校级比赛，最后选出参加市级比赛的合格人选。B项意为“最后的”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“真实的”；C项意为“有希望的”；D项意为“幸运的”。
3．A．students C．winners
B．participants D．teams
C 解析：结合该句中的“where school ______ competed for the ______ of being the spelling champion of Houston”可以判断，学校的获胜者们将为休斯敦市拼字比赛的冠军荣誉而竞争。C项意为“获胜者”，符合语境，故C项正确。
4．A．prize C．fame
B．benefit D．honor
D 解析：参见上题解析。D项意为“荣誉”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“奖励”；B项意为“好处”；C项意为“名声”。
5．A．before
B．after
C．during D．for
A 解析：根据语境可知，在参加班级拼字比赛的前一天，“我”最小的弟弟在家里玩火柴意外地引发了一场火灾。A项意为“在……以前”，符合语境，故A项正确。
6．A．stupidly C．shortly
B．successfully D．accidentally
D 解析：参见上题解析。D项意为“意外地，偶然地”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“愚蠢地”；B项意为“成功地”；C项意为“不久，很快”。
7．A．visited C．emailed
B．called D．wrote
B 解析：“我”的妈妈安排好我们睡觉的地方，第二天早上就打电话将这次事故告诉了Pemberton老师。B项意为“打电话”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“参观”；C项意为“发电子邮件”；D项意为“写信”。
8．A．believing C．knowing
B．hoping D．telling
C 解析：“我”的妈妈在告诉老师这次事故时知道了班级的拼字比赛就在那天。C项意为“知道，了解”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“相信”；B项意为“希望”；D项意为“告诉”。
9．A．pulled C．left
B．drove D．helped
A 解析：根据该句“When I arrived at school, Miss Pemberton ______ me aside．”并结合下文内容可知，Pemberton老师在“我”到学校时将“我”拉到一边，询问“我”的情况。A项意为“拉”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“驾驶”；C项意为“离开”；D项意为“帮助”。
10．A．call off C．put off
B．take off D．send off
C 解析：根据上文可知，“我”家遭遇了火灾；结合该句“She asked if I wanted her to ______ the spelling bee to another day because of my ______ about the fire．”可知，老师问“我”是否因为“我”的烦闷而需要推迟拼字比赛。C项意为“推迟”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“取消”；B项意为“脱下，起飞”；D项意为“寄出”。
11．A．upset C．doubt
B．curiosity D．anger
A 解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“不痛快，烦闷”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“好奇”；C项意为“怀疑”；D项意为“愤怒”。
12．A．waiting C．winning
B．competing D．applying
B 解析：根据语境可知，下一周校级拼字比赛上，所有班级获胜者参与竞争(competing)。故B项正确。A项意为“等候”；C项意为“获胜”；D项意为“申请”。
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