基于PLC的风力发电机的变速控制

滨州学院本科毕业设计（论文）

基于PLC的风力发电机的变速控制

摘 要

随着风力发电技术的发展，变速恒频风力发电技术成为了风力发电未来发展新趋势。变桨系统是变速风力发电机组的重要部分，其性能对风力发电机组的整体性能起到重要的作用。本文研究了变速恒频风力发电系统的运行原理，详细的分析了其工作过程以及结构。本文通过两种方法控制变速风力发电机组，分别是：通过伺服系统控制桨叶桨距角和通过PLC电机的转速。风机变桨系统主要由PLC控制系统、风速传感器、轮毂控制柜、直流控制电机、蓄电池、整流器组成。PLC控制系统通过风速传感器提供的控制信号对电路进行控制。

由于风力发电控制系统对性能要求较高 , 选用PLC作为控制器不但可以用简单的程序来实现复杂的逻辑控制 ,而且同时具有稳定性高的特点。

关键词：变速恒频，风力发电，变桨距控制，PLC控制系统

滨州学院本科毕业设计（论文）

Variable speed control of wind turbine based on the

PLC

Abstracts

With the development of wind power generation technology, variable speed constant frequency wind power generation technology has become the trend of the future development of wind power generation. The pitch system is an important part of the variable speed wind turbine, playing an important role in the performance of the overall performance of the wind turbine.This paper studies the variable speed constant frequency wind power generation system operation principle, and the structure and working process are analyzed in detail. This article through two kinds of methods to control of variable speed wind turbine, respectively is: through the servo system control blade pitch angle and the rotational speed of the motor by PLC. Fan variable pitch system mainly comprises a wind speed sensor, PLC control system, control cabinet, rectifiers, battery hub, DC motor control. PLC control system through the wind speed sensor provides the control signal to the control circuit.

Wind power control system of the high performance requirements, therefore, using PLC as the controllernot only can use the simple procedure to realize complex control logic, but also have the characteristics of high stability.

Key words: VSCF, Wind power,Pitch control,PLC control system

滨州学院本科毕业设计（论文）

目 录

第一章 绪论 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1国内风力发电技术发展概况 ....................................................................................... 1 1.2 风力发电机变速的优点 .............................................................................................. 1 1.3 变桨距控制与变速控制关系 ...................................................................................... 2 1.4 变速风力发电机组的控制组成 .................................................................................. 2 1.5 PLC介绍 ....................................................................................................................... 3 第二章 风机基本理论 ....................................................................................................... 5 2.1 风力机的各部分介绍 .................................................................................................. 5 2.2 变桨距风电机组介绍 .................................................................................................. 5 2.3 变桨距控制原理 .......................................................................................................... 6 第三章 风机变桨系统硬件部分设计 ............................................................................... 8 3.1 变桨系统的描述 .......................................................................................................... 8 3.2 风机变桨系统结构介绍 .............................................................................................. 8 3.3 风机变桨控制流程分析 .............................................................................................. 9 3.4 变桨控制系统硬件部分设计 .................................................................................... 10 3.5 轮毂控制柜控制系统硬件部分设计说明 ................................................................ 12 第四章 器件的选择及线径的选择 ................................................................................. 14 4.1稳压器选型 ................................................................................................................. 14 4.2接触器选型 ................................................................................................................. 14 4.3变桨电机选型 ............................................................................................................. 15 4.4风速仪选型 ................................................................................................................. 15 4.5速度传感器选型 ......................................................................................................... 15 4.6欠电压继电器选型 ..................................................................................................... 16 4.7 空开选型 .................................................................................................................... 16 第五章 控制程序设计 ..................................................................................................... 18 5.1 PLC的选择 ................................................................................................................. 18 5.2 PLC的I/O端口分配及外围接线图 .......................................................................... 19

滨州学院本科毕业设计（论文）

5.3 控制程序编写 ............................................................................................................ 22 第六章 总结 ..................................................................................................................... 23 致谢 ................................................................................................................................... 25 附录 ................................................................................................................................... 26

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