Unit 6 English Food: Grammar Object complements
Time: April 3rd Teacher: Zhu Zhouyue Class: Class4, Senior 2
Teaching aim:
Master the different usage of the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle as the objective complements.
Teaching methods:
Inductive Method, Practice
Teaching procedures:
Step1 Revision and Lead in
Revise the general difference between the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle that we have learnt.
Look at the following sentences, and find out the object complements in them and try to make comparison.
a. Don’t make me do this or that. I’m too busy. b. The teacher told us not to read in the sun. c. I saw her dancing happily in the classroom. d. The manager wanted the letter typed at once.
Today we are going to learn more details about the usage of the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle as the objective complements.
Step2 Grammar
非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法及区别
一、不定式作宾补
1．常见的接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词：tell, ask, want, teach, allow, expect, get, demand, request, invite, love, hate, like, prefer, would like等。其否定形式在不定式前加not。作宾补的动词所表示的动作发生在这些动词之后。如： a. My mother often tells me to study hard at school.
b. Mr. Feng asked us not to play too many computer games at home. c. I want you to teach me how to learn English well.
2．常见的接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要是一些表示感觉的动词 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to
三让：let, make, have 四看：see, watch, notice, observe 半帮助: help help sb. to do / do sth.
此时不定式（短语）表示的动作发生在感觉动词之前，事情的全部过程已经结束。 例如：a. Did you hear me sing a song last night?
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b. He saw a girl get on the bus.
其次还有几个使役动词make， have，let等。这时宾补表示的动作发生在使役动词之后。
c. Please let me help you clean / to clean the windows. d. Oh, please don’t make the baby cry again. 注意：含不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的句子变成被动语态时，要把to加回，例如： a. I heard her sing yesterday. —— She was heard to sing yesterday by me. b. He made me laugh. —— I was made to laugh by him.
二、V-ing形式作宾补
V-ing形式作宾补，表示动作的过程，即动作正在进行，尚未结束。宾语与宾补之间是主动的逻辑主谓关系。它主要是用在下列两类动词之后。
1．感觉动词，主要有see，hear，watch，observe，notice，feel，find，catch，look at，listen to等。如：
a. Don’t make any noise! Don’t you see the child sleeping?
b. I hear someone knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is. c. He saw a girl getting on the bus.
2．使役动词，主要有have，get，leave， keep，start，send，set等。如： a. I’m sorry to keep you waiting for a long time.
b. It was so cold that the travelers had the fire burning all the night.
三、V-ed形式作宾补 V-ed形式作宾补，着重动作完成，表明动作的结果，它与宾语之间是被动的逻辑主谓 关系。它主要是用在下列两类动词之后。 1．表示感觉和心理状态的动词，主要有 hear，see，find，notice，feel，watch，like，think等。如：
a. He saw the thief caught by the police yesterday. b. She was glad to see her child taken good care of.
2．表示\致使\意义的使役动词，主要有 get，have，make，keep，leave等。如： a. I’m gong to have my hair cut.
b. You’d better have that bad tooth pulled out.
Step 3注意几种习惯用法：
1. see, watch, notice, look at, observe; hear, listen to; feel ; + sb
① + do 作宾补，表示事情全过程或一次性动作，该动作已完成。表示一个事实。
② + doing 作宾补，表示一个正在进行和发生的动作，尚未结束。具有一定的描述性。
③ + done作宾补，sb跟done 之间是被动关系 。 He saw a girl get on the bus. He saw a girl getting on the bus. He saw a thief caught by the police.
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2. let / make sb do sth
get sb to do / doing / done have sb do / doing / one
3. find / think / feel it + adj. + to do 结构 ask sb to do get sb to do Step4 Practice
First, finish the grammar exercises on page 67. Then, do exercise paper. At last, do some explanation.
Step5 Summary----------做题技巧
1. 分析宾语和宾补之间的主谓关系，是主动还是被动 2. 记牢几种习惯用法
Step6 Homework
Please remember the above grammar points, try to make several sentences .
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Exercises:
1. I found _____ to answer all the questions within the time given. A. no possibility B. there was impossibility C. impossible D. it impossible 2. The teacher told Xiao Ming late for school again. A. not to be B. not be C. don’t be D. not to
3. Tom asked his mother _________ and play basketball.
A. let him go B. to let him to go C. let him to go D. to let him go
4. —Did you have anyone ______ the flowers?
— Yes, I had the trees ________.
A. to water, water B. to water, watered C. water, to be watered D. water, watered 5. My TV doesn’t work again. I want to get it ________. A. repair B. to repair C. repairing D. repaired
6. He raised his voice to make everybody in the room _____ (hear) him clearly. He raised his voice to make himself _______ (hear).
7. The boss is always getting her ______ (type) letters for him. The boss made the workers ______ (work) day and night. Yesterday he got his wallet _________ (steal). 8. — How do you know that she likes singing? — I often hear her ______ after lass.
A. to sing B. singing C. sings D. sang 9. Lily is often heard ________ in her bedroom.
A. to sing B. singing C. sings D. sang 10. Li Mei found a wallet ______ on the ground. A. lies B. lay C. to lie D. lying
11.Those naughty boys were caught ________ flowers in the garden again. A. to steal B. steal C. stealing D. stolen 12. You will see this product ______ wherever you go.
A. advertised B. advertising C. to advertise D. to be advertised 13. Many people watched the boys ________ the mountain at that time. A. climb B. climbing C. to climb D. climbed 14.—I saw Betty go to Grandpa Zhang’s home just now.
— Yes, she is often seen ______ the old man with his housework. A. help B. to help C. helps D. helped
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