英语定语从句用法归纳

英语定语从句用法归纳

定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导，但须记住： 1.what不能引导定语从句.

2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。 一.指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that.试分析：

Theoldmanwho/whom/thatwevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.

MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing.

Themanwithwhommyfathershookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.(=Themanwho/whomthatmyfathershookhandswithjustnowisourheadmaster.)注：

A.指人时有时只用who不宜用that。 1.先行词为one、ones或anyone

(1)ThecomradeIwanttolearnfromistheonewhostudieshardandworkshard.

(2)Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished. 2.先行词为these时

ThesewhoaregoingtoBeijingarethebeststudentsofourschool.3.在therebe开头的句子中

Thereisastudentwhowantstoseeyou.

4.一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who，以免重复。

Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshards.5.在非限制性定语从句中

A

。

Imetafriendofmineinthestreet,whohadjustcomefromJapan. B.主句以who开头的句子中,只用that,不用who。 二.指物的关系代词有which、whose(=ofwhich)、that.试分析：

1.Ilikethebookswhich/thatwerewrittenbyLuXun. 2.Thedesks(which/that)wemadelastyearwereverygood. 3.Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.(=Thisisthe housewhich/thatwelivedinlastyear.)

4.Iliveintheroomwhosewindowsfacesouth.(=Iliveintheroom,the

windowsofwhichfacesouth.) 注：

A.介词如果位于作为其宾语的关系代词之前时，只能用whom、which不能用who或that.

(1).Thegirlaboutwhomtheyweretalkingisourmonitor.

(2).ThebookinwhichtherearemanyinterestingthingswaswrittenbyLiMing.

B.部分短语动词中的介词不可与动词拆开，在定语从句中其介词不可前置，只能放在其动词之后。 Isthisthebookwhichsheislookingfor?

Theoldmanwho/whomtheyarewaitingforisProfessorLi. Thechildwho/whomsheislookingafterisWangPing’sson. C.指物时，下列情况下只能用that，不宜用which。 (1)先行词为不定代词，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、theone等。 Wearewillingtodoanythingthatisgoodtothepeople. Ihavetoldthemall(that)Iknow. Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.

(2)先行词是序数词或被序数词、修饰时。 ThefirstbookthatIreadlastnightwasanEnglishnovel. (3)先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级修饰时。

ThisisoneofthemostinterestingfilmsthatIhaveeverseen. Thisisthebestthatcanbedonenow.

(4)如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时(先行词既有人又有物)，定语从句的关系代词用which和who都不合适，只能用that。

Weknownothingaboutthedoctorsandthehospitalsthatyouaretalkingabout.

Therearesheepandmenthatcanbeseenonthehill.

(5)如果先行词被theonly、thevery、thelast、thesame、any、few、little、no、all、oneof、just修饰时。 Thisistheonlybookthatcanbelenttoyou.

(6)当主句是以which开头的特殊问句时，关系代词只用that。

Whichisthedictionarythatheusedyesterday?

D.只物时，下列情况下只能用which，不宜用that。 (1)关系代词放在介词之后

Thisisthefactoryinwhichweonceworked. (2)非限制性定语从句中

Thisisthebook,whichiswrittenbyLuXun. (3)that，Those作主语时

ThosewhichareonthedeskareEnglishbooks.