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【变式探究】You have to know you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. 【解析】句意:如果你要计划到达某地的最佳路线,你必须首先知道你想要去哪?where引导宾语从句,在从句中用作地点状语。
【答案】where
高频考点二、考查主语从句
例2.【2018·天津】The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race. A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意:无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名,金牌将授予他。分析句子可知,宾语从句中缺少主语,故用whoever,表示“任何人,无论谁”。故选C。
【变式探究】Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps. A. However 【答案】C
【解析】题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语,“________ you can do”是主语部分,即主语从句,在主语从句中,do后缺少宾语,表示“任何事情”,因此用whatever引导,故选C。
【变式探究】I truly believe ______beauty comes from within. A. that 【答案】A
【解析】句意:我很相信美丽源自于内心! 本题考查宾语从句。从句部分不缺少任何成分,因此用that起到连接作用,也可以省略。从句部分不缺少任何成分,因此用that起到连接作用,也可以省略。故选A。
高频考点三、考查同位语从句
例3. (2019·江苏卷)Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A.what C.which 【答案】B
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:科学家已经获得更多的证据,这些证据表明塑料正在进入人体。分析句子结构可知,空处引导的是evidence的同位语从句,且从句中不缺少成分,故用连接词that。
【举一反三】The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much
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B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever
B. where C. what D. why
B.that D.where
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work to do.
A. whether B. that C. which D. what 【答案】B
【解析】句意:经理提出一个建议,我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion的内容,而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导,that不作成分,只是起着连接的作用。故选B。
【变式探究】After investigation,the police found out one clue ________ voices were heard calling for help from some very distant place that day.(2016·南京、盐城高三一模,26)
A.where B.when C.that 【答案】C
【解析】句意为:在调查之后,警察发现了一条线索,那天有人听到远处某个地方传来了呼救声。设空处引导同位语从句,从句意义、结构完整,应用that引导,补充说明one clue的具体内容。
【感悟提升】
1.判断是同位语从句还是定语从句可以用“加词”的方法,即在名词和从句之间加入一个be动词,如果句子意思成立,则是同位语从句,否则,则是定语从句。
The notice that the meeting had to be put off was true.(同位语从句) 会议不得不推迟的通知是真的。
→The notice was that the meeting had to be put off. The notice that he read just now was true.(定语从句) 他刚才读的那则通知是真的。
2.在某些名词后的同位语从句中,其谓语动词应用虚拟语气形式:(should+)动词原形。常见的名词有demand,request,advice,suggestion,order,plan,proposal等。
The suggestion that a new bridge (should) be built was accepted. 在这里修建一座新桥的建议被采纳了。
【变式探究】—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities. 【答案】why
【解析】本题考查同位语从句的引导词。句意:“昨天迈克拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取,这是真的吗?”“是的,但是我不知道他为什么这样做;那是他最喜欢的大学之一。”idea后接同位语从句,表示某个想法的具
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D.whose
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体内容。根据that's one of his favorite universities(那是他最喜欢的大学之一)可知,“我”不知道他拒绝耶鲁大学的原因(why)。
1. (2019·江苏卷)Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A.what
B.that
C.which D.where 【答案】B
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:科学家已经获得更多的证据,这些证据表明塑料正在进入人体。分析句子结构可知,空处引导的是evidence的同位语从句,且从句中不缺少成分,故用连接词that。
1.【2018·江苏】By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.zx.x.k A. where B. when C. why D. how 【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:乘船是到达这里唯一的途径,这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知,后面为表语从句,这里用连接副词how引导表语从句,充当方式状语,表示“如何”。故选D。
2.【2018·天津】The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race. A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意:无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名,金牌将授予他。分析句子可知,宾语从句中缺少主语,故用whoever,表示“任何人,无论谁”。故选C。
3.【2018·北京】 Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now. A. how B. when C. where D. why 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:没有他的支持,我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式,when表时间,where表地点,why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句,结合句子的意思可知,该处指我们所处的位置,故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。
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4.【2018·北京】This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. A. how B. which C. that D. what 【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难,抱最大的希望。“_________ my father has taught me”是表语从句,该空在从句中做teach的宾语,且表示“父亲教我的道理”,故该从句应用what引导。D选项正确。引导名词性从句时,how表方式,意为“如何”;which意为“哪一个”,that在只起引导从句的作用,不做成分。
1.(2017·江苏) We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ____________ it used to charge.
A. that B. which C. what D. how 【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。"half of _________ it used to charge"是$20的同位语,即原来价格的一半是现在的$20;另外,of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语,所以,这里是宾语从句;宾语从句中的charge后面缺少宾语,所以用what来引导宾语从句,并充当宾语从句的宾语,故选C。
2.(2017·江苏卷)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he __________. A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed 【答案】A
【解析】分析句子成分可知,he和follow是被动关系,即他被别人跟踪,排除B、D;根据句意"在匆忙赶回家的路上,他从未回头看是否正被跟踪",故用过去进行时最合适,故选A。
3.(2017江苏)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ____________. A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed 【答案】A
【解析】根据句子成分可知,He和follow是被动关系,排除B、D。根据句意:在匆忙赶回家的路上,他从未回头看是否被跟踪,用过去进行时最合适,答案选A。
【2016·北京】Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps. A. However 【答案】C
【解析】题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语,“________ you can do”是主语部分,即主语从句,在主语从
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B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever
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句中,do后缺少宾语,表示“任何事情”,因此用whatever引导,故选C。
【2016·北京】The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust. A. what 【答案】B
【解析】句意:雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语,即表语从句,表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语,因此用that,that只起引导作用,故选B。
【2016·江苏】21.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. A. why 【答案】D
【解析】句意:通常对于那些心存希望的人来说一切皆有可能。此句中It为形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。故D项正确。
【2016·天津】11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
A. whether B. that C. which D. what 【答案】B
【解析】句意:经理提出一个建议,我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion的内容,而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导,that不作成分,只是起着连接的作用。故选B。
B. what
C. as
D. that
B. that
C. whether
D. why
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