内成熟可靠的设置，简单易行，维护方便，备品备件容易就地取材。配置2台50吨电炉还可以在其中一台出故障时，仍可继续维持生产，避免全线停工。
The steelmaking production line is composed of two electric furnaces, one LF, one R8m three—motor and three—flow continuous casting machine. The two furnaces will ensure that when one malfunctions, the other can continue to be used so that there will be continuous production.
根据目前中国冶炼水平及国际炼钢发展的趋势，在炼钢车间建设中尽可能地配置成熟的先进工艺装备。应用如下成熟的先进技术：
Based on current Chinese and international metallurgy technology level and current, matured and advanced technologies should be applied in the construction of the mill, as follows: （1）偏心炉底无渣出钢与炉中留钢留渣操作；
(1) EBT mechanism for tapping, during tapping process, no slag output, slag and excess steel remained in electric arc furnace for next steelmaking process.
（2）炉门C-O枪喷吹助熔、炉壁天燃气喷吹助熔及二次燃烧技术；
(2) There is a carbon oxygen lance in the furnace door and oxygen burner on the furnace wall to assist the melting of the burden. （3）密排式水冷炉壁及水冷炉盖；
(3) Closed water-cool furnace wall and furnace cover. （4）泡沫渣埋弧冶炼技术； (4) Slag foaming technology.
（5）电炉除尘采取半密封罩和屋顶罩排烟、袋式除尘器净化； (5) New-fashioned dusting technology. （6）炉外精炼技术； (6) LF refining method. （7）全连铸；
(7) Continuous casting.
（8）管坯钢连铸时采取保护浇铸；
(8) If necessary, protected casting method could be used. （9）短流程生产线；
(9) Short process in steelmaking.
（10）电气控制采用可编程序控制器（PLC）； (10) PLC is used in electrical system. （11）电炉机械系统采用全液压控制。
(11) Hydraulic technology is used in steelmaking mechanical system. 2．3 炼钢工艺流程 process flow 2．3．1 流程 process
废钢、生铁炉料装入电炉→给电熔化→碳氧枪吹氧助熔→炉料熔清→造泡沫渣去P去碳、调整钢液成份与温度→电炉偏心底留渣出钢、钢包中初步合金化、造渣→进入精炼工位→精炼炉通电化渣热平衡同时全过程底吹氩→脱氧造白渣→调整合金成份与温度→出精炼工位→钢包上回转台→钢包开浇钢水到中间包→中包开浇钢水到结晶器→拉坯→定尺切割→精整及分炉号→红送至轧钢加热炉
Scrap and carbon-added pig iron are fed into electric furnace → electricity is used to melt the material →carbon oxygen lance and oxygen burner are used to work to assist melting →melting finished →to make foaming slag, dephosphorization, carbon elimination, as well as adjusting the chemical composition and temperature →tapping to ladle where primary alloying and slagging are to be made →to put the ladle on LF position →refining, argon blowing → deoxidation, desulfurization, slag whitening →adjusting chemical composition and temperature →the ladle leaving LF position →to put the ladle on ladle rotator of continuous casting machine →molten steel drops down into surge tank(tundish) → molten steel drops down into crystallizer → casting→ cutting bloom according to size →inspection→ bloom is sent to steelmaking workshop
这是一条比较先进的电炉初炼、LF炉精炼、全连铸短短炼钢生产线。 This is an advanced short process production line. 2．3．2 工艺流程简述 introduction to the process flow
炼钢炉料由废钢、生铁组成，其比例由资源情况而定，一般生铁量不超过30%，由天车电磁吊将废钢装入料罐进行配料。每炉不超过两次料。经检斤后由过跨车由配料跨送至炼钢跨，由炼钢跨天车由炉顶加入原料。
The scrap and pig iron are mixed in certain proportion which depending on resource condition, the proportion of pig iron is generally less than 30 percent. These raw materials are charged into bucket by electromagnetic lifter. After the bucket is weighed, it is conveyed from the raw material
span to smelt span by platform car. In smelt span, the bucket is hoisted to the position above the top of electric furnace, and then scrap and pig iron are fed into the furnace. The raw materials could be charged not more than twice into the furnace.
关闭炉盖通电冶炼，电炉采用强化冶炼的措施，采用高功率送电，造泡沫渣，炉门口碳氧喷枪强化用氧，用氧强度达到45Nm3，炉壁喷枪喷吹天然气。所需造渣材料石灰、萤石等由炉顶加料机或炉门口人工加入。炉渣处理采用热泼渣工艺，由铲车送出车间集中处理。 Then, the furnace cover is closed, high power electrifying begins. At the same time, carbon oxygen lances on the furnace door and oil-oxygen burner on the furnace wall assist the melting of the burden and make foaming slag. Oxygen consumption is about 45Nm3/t. The other materials such as lime and fluorite etc are added into the furnace by feeding-machine or manual labor. Electric furnace slag will be treated with water spraying, collected and transported out of the workshop for treatment.
电炉由人工热电偶测温，人工取样送化验室分析成份。当电炉冶炼的钢水符合初炼要求时，经偏心底无渣出钢到钢包车上的钢包中，再送至精炼炉精炼。钢包出钢前通好氩气并加入造渣材料。出钢时将事先准备好的铁合金随钢流加入包中。电炉内留钢大约为5吨。 Electric thermometer is used to measure temperature of the furnaces. The specimen is collected manually and sends to laboratory for composition analyzing. When the results meet the initial set requirements, the melted burden will be tapped through an EBT mechanism to a receiving ladle that is on a special platform car. Before tapping, ensure argon flow and slag former will be put into the ladle. while tapping, ferroalloys are poured into the ladle. There will be about 5t of excess melted steel left in the furnace.
接钢后的钢包在精炼工位上进行精炼。钢液精炼全过程吹氩搅拌，用造渣材料和脱氧剂调渣，调整电流进行调温，加入铁合金进行成分的调整。精炼炉投产初期不上真空工位，但预留此功能，以为今后的发展留有余地。
After tapping, the ladle is put on LF refining position. LF refining is conducted through arc heating and argon blowing. During this process, the steel deoxidization, desulfurization, the adjustment of steel temperature and chemical composition are completed.
In primary phase, there is no vacuum function in LF, but space for vacuum device may be allocated in LF zone for future development.
精炼合格的钢水以大包滑动水口至中间包，再将钢水浇注到结晶器中。从结晶器中拉出的钢
坯经多点矫直，剪切后，成为合格的坯料。生产管坯料时，将采用长水口无氧化浇注技术。 The ladle containing qualified liquid steel is hoisted to a ladle rotator of the continuous casting machine. The liquid steel is then tapped from the base of the receiving ladle to tundish, after that, it drops down into crystallizer to be casted into bloom. The bloom will be straightened, cut according to dimensions and sent to a cooling bed through a roller table. It will then become qualified bloom.
中间包采用10吨容量，以减少中间包内的温度损失，并可稳定连铸的浇注速度。
The tundish has a capacity of 10 tons, so as to reduce the loss of temperature and to keep the casting speed steady.
2．4 炼钢主体设备及主要参数 main steelmaking equipment and parameter 2．4．1 电弧炉 electric furnace
Model: high power EBT alternating current electric furnace. 台数：2台。 Quantity: 2
公称容量：50吨。 Nominal capacity: 50 tons. 单炉出钢量：56吨。 Average tapping: 56 tons.
炉壳内径：Φ4700mm inside diameter of furnace shell: Φ4700mm 炉变容量：24MVA Transformer capacity: 24MVA 一次电压：35KV Primary voltage: 35KV
二次电压：430V~170V Secondary voltage: 430V~170V 电极直径：Φ450mm Electrode diameter: Φ450mm 驱动方式：液压。 Driving force: hydraulic pressure
结构形式：高架式。高架式比地面式有优越的工作环境。同时可采取水泼渣，节省渣罐及渣罐车。
Structure: hoist up model. This model is preferable to the ground level model as it gives favourable working conditions. Water spraying may be used to treat electric furnace slag, saving cost on slag basket and slag car.
二次出线和电炉横臂间由集束式水冷电缆连接，横臂采取复合式导电横臂，横臂中腔水冷。这些大大提高了导体导电性能，同时具有很高的设备可靠性。
The connection between transformer-output and furnace-arm, is by bunch water-cooling cable. The furnace-arm is a combined type and can conduct electricity. To improve electro conductibility
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