牛津译林版高一英语必修一导学案：Unit 2 Growing pains

模块一 Unit 2 Growing pains

★重要知识详解

一、重要词汇（单词+词组）

1．upset adj.心烦意乱的；不高兴的，失望的vt.使烦恼，使生气；弄翻，打翻；打乱，扰乱(计划等) (1)为某事心烦/难过

对做某事感到不安/难过 ……让人不安 (2) (某事)使某人心烦 为某事而烦恼 2．defend vt.辩解；辩白；防御；保护

(1)保护某人(某物)免受伤害；保卫某人(某物) 为自己辩护 (2) 为了保卫……

为……辩护；在……的防备下 3．deserve vt.值得；应得；应受

应该做……；值得做…… 值得被做 值得考虑/注意 4．insist vt.& vi.坚持；坚持认为；坚决要求 坚持(做)某事

坚持认为……，坚决要求…… 5．forbid vt.(forbade/forbad, forbidden) 禁止；不准 禁止做某事 禁止某人做某事 禁止某人某事 6．normal adj.正常的；一般的 n．通常标准；一般水平 (1)按通常情况

某人做某事是正常的。 (2) 恢复正常

超过/低于/接近正常水平

(3)abnormal adj. 反常的 7．tend vi.往往；趋向 vt.& vi.照看，护理

(1) 倾向于做某事，易于做某事

倾向于某事物 照料，护理某人/某物 (2)tendency n. 倾向，趋势

倾向于做某事 8．limit n．[C]限制；极限；界限vt.限制 (1)把……限制在……内

[来源学科网Z|X|X|K][来源学科网][来源:Zxxk.Com]

使某人心烦意乱的是……

(2)超过限度 在……范围内 对……规定限度 对……是有限的/无限的

(3)limited adj. 有限的

受限制于……

9．balance n．天平；平衡；结余；余额v.平衡；权衡 (1)保持生态平衡

保持平衡 失去平衡 (2)权衡；斟酌；比较

(3)balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的

保持饮食均衡 10．be supposed to 应当；理应

(1) (现在)应该/理应做某事

应该正在做某事 应该已经做了某事 (2)据认为…… 认为某人…… 假设；假定 我以为……不会…… 我想可以/不可以 1．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 [归纳领悟]

tolerate (sb.) doing sth.“容忍/忍受(某人)做某事”，还可表达为：stand (sb.) doing sth.或bear sb. doing/to do sth.; 其中tolerate＝put up with

2．fault n．过错，错误 [归纳领悟] find fault with“对……不满，对……挑剔”；at fault “有错，有责任”。3.scene [归纳领悟]

(1)scene：可数名词，表示在某一特定环境中呈现的景色，也可指具体的“情景或现场”；还可指戏剧中的一幕。 (2)view：常指从某个位置或角度所看到的景色，还可表示“观点”。

(3)scenery：不可数名词，“风景，景色(总称)”，指自然风光；是由多个scene构成的景色。

(4)sight：“风景，名胜”，是眼睛所看到的景象，可以指美丽的风景，也可以指悲惨的景象。复数形式sights表示名胜古迹、人文景观等。

4．harm n．& vt.损害；危害 [归纳领悟]

cause harm to“对……造成伤害”；do sb. harm＝do harm to sb.“伤害某人；对某人有害”；harmful adj.“有害的”，be harmful to ...“对……有害”。

5．along with 与……一起，除了……以外(还) [归纳领悟]

along with (＝together with) 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与它前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。类似用法的还有：as well as, with, but, rather than, except等。

6．challenge n. 挑战vt.向……挑战

[来源学科网][来源学科网]

二、重点句型梳理（含重点语法）：

1.【教材原句】Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly. (P22)

【句法分析】这是一个复杂的简单句，主干为Eric runs in after it。followed by a big dog为过去分词

作伴随状语。walking very slowly为现在分词作状语。

【即时巩固11】结合汉语意思完成英语句子。

市长走向大厅，身后跟着一群记者，一路谈笑风生。

The mayor went toward the hall, ________ _________ a group of reporters, ________ ________ ________ all the way.

2.【教材原句】Daniel, we thought you were an adult, a person who would make good decision… (P22) 【句法分析】本句主干为we thought you were an adult, thought 后面的宾语从句省略了that；a person

who would make good decisions为an adult的同位语，包含who引导的定语从句，先行词为a person。

【即时巩固12】根据所给汉语完成英语句子

我认为他是一个模范工作者，一个事事起带头作用的人。

I think he is a model worker, _______ _______ _______ takes the lead in everything.

3.【教材原句】The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.(P22) 【句法分析】

(1)句中with+名词+介词结构作伴随状语。再如：The little girl came to me with a smile on her face. (2)with 结构中的宾补还可以是现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式及名词等 ①He fell asleep with all the windows closed. with+n./pron.+_______ ②With a boy leading the way, they started towards the village. with+n./pron.+_______ ③He was fast asleep with his mouth open. with+n./pron.+_______ ④They sat in silence with the light on . with+n./pron.+_______ ⑤With a lot of housework to do, she had to go home. with+n./pron.+_______ ⑥She died with her son yet a school boy. with+n./pron.+_______ (3)此种结构还经常作后置定语。如：Do you know the girl with a flower on her head? 【即时巩固13】 单项选择

(1) With everything _____, he left the office. A. finish B. finishes C. finished D. finishing (2)With a lot of difficult problems ______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settle B. settling C. to settle D. being settled (3)I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise_____. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on (4)____her bike missing, she had to walk home yesterday. A. As B. With C. Since D. For (5)He stood there , with his eyes ______. A. fixing on the blackboard B. fixed on the blackboard C. fix on the blackboard D. to fix on the blackboard 4.【教材原句】We left you in charge. （P22）

【句法分析】句中left you in charge为leave +宾语+宾语补足语结构，意为：使某人或某物处于某

种状态。

Leave the door open, please. 请让门开着！

Leave him alone and he will do it well. 别打扰他，他会做好的。

Don’t leave the child by himself at home. 不要让这个孩子一个人呆在家里。 The parents died, leaving the boy an orphan. 她的父母去世了，使得他变成了孤儿 Don’t leave him waiting outside in the rain. 别让他在外面雨中等。 He will never leave a job unfinished. 他工作从来不拖拉。

[来源学_科_网Z_X_X_K]Don’t leave me to explain it to him. 不要让我来解释给他听。

leave后可接形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、现在分词、过去分词及动词不定式做宾语补足语 【即时巩固14】

(1)The tsunami which happened in the Indian Ocean in 2004 _____ thousands of people homeless A. caused B. let C. remained D. left

(2)In the recent coal mine accident，only 24 miners were rescued，and 29 were left underground. A. to be trapped B. trapped C being trapped D. trapping (3)—Why do you look so worried?

—My computer broke down and my essay since.

A. was left to finish B. has left to finish C. has been left unfinished D. had been left unfinished

(4)We are going to be ______ by the rest of the world if we take things as they are. A. left alone B. let alone C. left behind D. let behind (5)Don’t leave the water _______while you brush your teeth.

A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 5. Daniel has_his_arms_crossed and looks upset.

(1)本句中含有have sth. done结构，该结构中的宾语与宾语补足语之间是动宾关系。have sth.done结构有两种不同的含义：

①使某事被做(主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做，也可能让别人做) She told me she had had her house repaired. ②遭遇(此事违背主语的意愿)

She had her leg hurt while playing basketball.

6.Sometimes he acts as_if he doesn't love us at all. 有时他表现得好像他根本就不爱我们。

(1)as if (＝as though) “似乎，好像”，在句中引导表语从句或方式状语从句。 (2)as if/though所引导的从句中的语气及时态：

[来源:Z+xx+k.Com][来源:Zxxk.Com][来源:学科网]

It looks as if it isn't clean enough to swim here.(陈述语气) Don't handle the vase as if it were made of steel. (虚拟现在)

Jack wasn't saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever.(虚拟过去)

[名师指津] as though/if引导状语从句时，若主、从句主语一致，从句谓语中又含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略，从句就变成“as though/if＋形容词/名词/介词短语/分词/不定式”。

Tom raised his right hand as though/if to say something.

6．Also, every_time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying. 还有，每次我看DVD，他要么就催着我上床睡觉，要么就是教导我要多花些时间学习。

every time为名词词组引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当……”。名词词组作连

词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：

(1)由time构成的名词词组：each time, the first/last time, next time, any time等。 The first time I heard the plan he put forward, I felt very excited. (2)the＋瞬间名词：the minute/instant/second/moment等。

The moment the famous pop star got out of the airport, he was surrounded by his fans. (3)the＋时间名词：the day/week/year/spring/summer/autumn/winter等。 The day I left here, they all came to see me off.

（一）单项填空

1.From the __________ look on the girl’s face, you can see something ________ must have happened. A. frightened; frightened B. frightening; frightening C. frightened; frightening D. frightening; frightened

2.His friends insisted he______ no connection with drugs and that he _________ freed at once. A. had, was B. had had , was C. had, be D. have, be 3.—Had he anything to say ________________ his behavior? —No, he just left without even saying a word.

A. in charge of B. in memory of C. in favor of D. in explanation of 4.With all the things she needed ________, she left the shop happily. A. to buy B. buying C. buy D. bought

5.My brother ______ online games by my parents, and he is sad and angry about this.

A. forbids play B. forbids to play C. is forbidden play D. is forbidden to play 6.Riding a bicycle is ______ in our country. As _______ my father went to work by bike. A. common; ordinary B. usual; common C. average; common D. common; usual 7.When it comes to this problem of mine, I just can’t _______ what everyone thinks of it. A. risk learning B. wait to learn C. help to learn D. stand learn

8.Earth Day is _______ to be a day when every person promises to do something to help take care of our world.

A. struggled B. supposed C. supported D. suggested 9.—What did you do last night?

—I ______ e-mails to those ______ asked for my advice on reading. A. stayed up to send; that B. stayed up sending; who C. stayed up to send; which D. stayed up sending; whom

10.They can hardly imagine that the manager has _______ the problem successfully by himself. A. dealt B. handled C. worked D. helped 完型填空

When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight-A student, I believed I could __1__ tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas he _2__ in class. When I took the first exam, I was __3__ to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper, 4 English was my best subject. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained _ 5 . I decided to try harder, although I didn’t know what that __6__ because school had always been easy for me. I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Again, I _7_ with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn’t change his __8 . One more test before the final exam. One more __9__ to improve my grade. So I redoubled my efforts and, for the first time _10_ the meaning of the word “thorough”. But my 11__ did no good and

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