声光控LED节能照明灯设计

毕 业 论 文

院 系：黑龙江农垦农业职业技术学院 班 别： 08应用电子班 姓 名： 刘志刚 指导教师： 姜卫东

黑龙江农垦农业职业技术学院 二O 一一 年 五 月 十日

目录

声光控LED节能照明灯设计 .............................................................. 1 摘 要 ................................................................................. 3 一、 绪言 ............................................................................. 6

1.课题背景 ........................................................................ 6 2.课题研究的目的和意义 ............................................................ 6 3.国内外概况 ...................................................................... 6 二、 LED灯的发展历史 ................................................................. 7 三、LED灯的优点 ....................................................................... 8

1.发光效率高 ...................................................................... 8 2.耗电量少 ........................................................................ 8 3.使用寿命长 ...................................................................... 8 4.安全可靠性强 .................................................................... 8 5.环保 ............................................................................ 9 6.其他 ............................................................................ 9 四、LED灯的发光原理、特性 ............................................................. 9

1.LED灯的发光原理 ................................................................. 9 2.LED灯的发光机理 ................................................................. 9 3.LED灯的发光效率 ................................................................ 10 4.LED灯的光学特性 ................................................................ 10 5.LED灯电气特性 .................................................................. 10 6.LED热学特性 .................................................................... 11 7.大功率LED封装 ................................................................. 11 8.LED灯的寿命 .................................................................... 11 五、LED的主要参数 .................................................................... 12

1.主要参数 ....................................................................... 13 2.LED电学特性 .................................................................... 13

（1）正向死区 ................................................................ 13 （2）正向工作区 .............................................................. 13 （3）反向死区 ................................................................ 13 （4）反向击穿区 .............................................................. 14 3.最大允许功耗PFm ................................................................ 14 4.响应时间 ....................................................................... 14 六、方案选择 ......................................................................... 14

1.LED利用门电路来完成声光控的调节 ................................................ 14 2.采用LM317供电 ................................................................. 14 3.使用了数字集成电路cd4011 ....................................................... 15 七、总体方案 ......................................................................... 17

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1.课题分析 ....................................................................... 17 2.设计方案 ....................................................................... 17 3.方案论证 ....................................................................... 17 4.电路的工作原理 ................................................................. 18 5.器件的选择及检测方法 ........................................................... 23

（1）ic选择cmos数字集成电路cd4011 .......................................... 23 （2）测量方法 ................................................................ 24 6.安装制作 ....................................................................... 25 八、结果和结论 ....................................................................... 25

1.实验结果 ....................................................................... 25 2.实验结论 ....................................................................... 25 九、总结 ............................................................................. 25 十、谢辞 ............................................................................. 25 十一、参考文献 ....................................................................... 25

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声光控LED节能照明灯设计

错误！未指定书签。摘 要

常言道“眼睛是心灵的窗户。”我认为灯则是指引心灵的方向标。在生活中，我们无时不在地使用着灯，诸如台灯、路灯、日光灯、探照灯、彩灯等等，但不管是什么样式的灯，它们的作用都是一致的——照明。因此，设计一个既实用又方便的照明灯则是我们人类共同的愿望。而生活中我们用的最为平常的灯则是楼道里的照明灯，住过居民楼的人都应该知道，楼道很窄，晚上行走很不方便，如果让楼道的照明灯一直亮着，则难免会浪费国家资源，因此设计一种既不浪费国家电力又很方便实用的照明灯系统是很有实用价值意义的一件事。

该设计主要介绍的是关于声光控的电路设计。声光控是通过光敏电阻来实现的，当光敏电阻在背光的的时候灯就会慢慢的熄灭，即这时也是人走过了的时候。在有的电路中这种原理也可以通过声音的振动来实现，当人走过是只需用手轻排一下灯就会自动的亮，人离开后又熄灭。这样就给路人提供了相应的方便，同时，也达到了节电和节能的目的；延长灯的寿命。在实际生活中节电节能，能够实现更多的自动化。

在学校、机关、厂矿企业等单位的公共场所以及居民区的公共楼道，长明灯现象十分普遍，这造成了能源的极大浪费。另外，由于频繁开关或者人为因素，墙壁开关的损坏率很高，增大了维修量、浪费了资金。同时，为了加强我们对模拟电子技术，数字电子技术，电子工艺的理解和巩固，我花了一个月的时间进行毕业设计，而我设计的课题是声光控制照明灯的设计，我设计了一种电路新颖、安全节电、结构简单、安装方便、使用寿命长的声光双控白炽灯节能照明灯。

在本设计中介绍了多种声光控路灯控制器的组成、性能，适用范围及工作原理，给出各电路原理图及元件参数选择，节电效果十分明显，同时也大大减少了维修量、节约了资金，使用效果良好。白天光照好，不管过路者发出多大声音，都不会是灯泡发亮。夜晚光暗，电路的拾音器只要检测到有碎发声响，就会自动亮为行人照明，过数十秒后又自动熄灭，节能节电。

关键词：与非门放大；光敏二极管；可控开关；延迟电路。

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Acoustic light-activated LED energy-saving floodlight design

Excerpt

As the saying goes \guide to bid. In life, we use the ever-present such as the lamp, table lamp, street lamp, fluorescent lamp, searchlights, lights, etc., but no matter what style of lamp, their action is consistent - lighting. Therefore, design a practical and convenient floodlight is our human common wishes. And the life we use the most ordinary lamp is building the floodlight, lived one should know the dweller building, corridor is very narrow, evening walk very inconvenient, if let corridor floodlight always on, is inevitably will waste the country's resources, thus designed a kind of waste neither country electric power again very convenient and practical floodlight system is very useful.

This design are mainly introduced in about sound steerable circuit design. Sound controller is through photoconductive resistance to realize, when photoconductive resistance in backlight when light will slowly extinguished, namely at this time also is a person walked. In some circuits this principle could be through sound vibrations to realize, when people walk is to simply with handle gently row a lamp will automatically be light, people leave then extinguished. Thus to passers-by with a corresponding convenience, at the same time, also achieved electricity-saving and energy-saving purpose; Prolong lamp life. In actual life saving energy saving, can realize more automation.

In schools, offices, factories and enterprises, and other units of the public and the neighborhood public corridor, ever-burning lamps phenomena are very common, which caused the energy enormous waste. Moreover, due to frequent switch or man-made factors, wall switch damage rate is very high, increased maintenance, waste money. Meanwhile, in order to improve our analog electronic technology, digital electronic technology and electronic technology understanding and consolidated, I spent a month's time for the graduation design, and I design topic was acousto-optic control floodlight design, I have designed a circuit novel, safety section, simple structure, easy installation, long-life acousto-optic double accused of incandescent lamp energy saving lighting.

In this design introduced various acoustic light-activated lamps controller composition, properties, application and working principle, given the circuit principle diagram and device parameters selection, energy-economizing effect is very apparent, also greatly reduce the maintenance, saving money, use effect is good. Daytime illumination job, whether passers-by issued voice, is not how old bulb shine. Dark night light, circuit pick-up if detected have broken hair noise, and will automatically bright for pedestrians lighting, had for several seconds after automatic quenched, effective energy saving.

Keywords: and sr amplification, Photosensitive diode, Controllable switch; Delay circuit.

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