诗歌与哲学的古老纷争_柏拉图_哲_省略_ilosophia_的思想史研究_张巍(29)

CONTENTS

TheAncientQuarrelbetweenPoetryandPhilosophy:TowardanIntellectualHistoryofPlato?sPhilosophiaZHANGWei(141)

TowardtheendofPlato?sRepublic,Socratespointsoutthatthereis?anancientquarrelbetweenpoetryandphilosophy."Fromtheperspectiveofintellectualhistory,thispaperexamineswhatistrulyatstakeinthe?quarrel."ThefamouscritiqueofpoetryintheRepubliciscontextualizedinPlato?sintellectualenterprisetofoundphilosophia,whichdefinesitselfbywayofoppositiontoandcompetitionwithtwoothertypesofSophia:poetryandsophistry.Plato?sAcademyandhiswritingofdialogues,twopracticalaspectsseemingly?external"tothephilosophicaldiscourse,areusedasevidencetoinquireintoPlato?sdistinctiveconceptionofphilosophia.

AStudyoftheFirstBubonicPlagueintheMediterraneanAreaCHENZhiqiang(159)thThefirstbubonicplaguestrucktheMediterraneanareainthemiddleofthe6century.PeoplewerehelplessbeforeitandtookthedevouringwaveofdiseaseasGod?spunishment,terstudiesshowthatthisplague,whichwasdescribedindetail,wasthebubonicplagueknownasthe?BlackDeath"anditsvariations.RelevanthistoricalmaterialismainlyseenintheworksofByzantinewritersProcopius,EvagriusandJohnofEphesus.Otherscatteredmaterialshavenotattractedmuchscholarlyattention.Basedonamorecomprehensivecorpusofdataandanalysis,theauthorofthisarticlearguesthatthefirstwaveofbubonicplaguetostriketheMediterraneanareacamefromsouthernEgypt.ThelethalplaguenotonlycauseddevastatingmateriallossandeconomicdestructiontoByzantiumbutalsohadseriousnegativeeffectsonByzantinesociety,withafar-reachinghistoricalimpact.CriticismandDiscussion

ANoteontheAllocationofParticularResponsibilitiestoStaffMembersinAdministrativeReformintheQingDynastyPENGJian(176)

DuringthepreparationoftheconstitutionintheQingDynasty,centrallydirectedreformofthebureaucracywassuccessivelytheresponsibilityoftheBureauofPersonnel,theBureaufortheStudyofFormsofGovernment,theBureauofConstitutionalReformandtheCabinetBureauofLaw.Thetwo1906administrativereformprojectsweredraftedbytheBureauofPersonnel,whiletheBillonStaffPositionsinProvincialCivilandMilitaryGovernors?YamenwasprobablydraftedbytheBureauofPersonnelortheBureaufortheStudyofFormsofGovernmentratherthantheBureauofConstitutionalReform.Thereformoftheadministrativesysteminvolvingallocatingspecificresponsibilitiestothestaffmembersofprovincialcivilandmilitarygovernors?yamenwentthroughthefollowingstages:thefirstplanforadministrativereforminaccordancewithconstitutionalprinciplesmetwithresistancefromprovincialcivilandmilitarygovernors.TheBureauofPersonnelortheBureaufortheStudyofFormsofGovernmentthenproposedthedivisionofstaffmembersaccordingtofunctionasanalternativeintheBillonStaffPositionsinProvincialCivilandMilitaryGovernors?Yamen.Basedonthisbill,theBureauofPersonneladdedthearticleonthedivisionoffunctionariesbyresponsibilityintheDraftGeneralProvisionsoftheSystemofProvincialOfficials.ThisarticlewasrevisedandwrittenintotheGeneralProvisionsoftheSystemofProvincialOfficials.TheDraftGeneralProvisionsplayedakeyroleinadministrativereformintheQingDynasty.ItprovidescluesforouraccurateunderstandingofinstitutionalreforminthelateQingDynastyinrelationtotheallocationofresponsibilitiestofunctionaries,theestablishmentoftheCouncilandlocaladministrativedemarcation.

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