含炭纤维湿式铜基摩擦材料的性能

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第15卷第2期 粉末冶金材料科学与工程 2010年4月 Vol.15 No.2 Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy Apr. 2010

含炭纤维湿式铜基摩擦材料的性能

(1. 中南大学 物理科学与技术学院，长沙 410083； 2. 中南大学 粉末冶金国家重点实验室，长沙 410083)

严深浪1，张兆森2，宋招权1，徐 慧1

摘 要：采用粉末冶金方法制备含短炭纤维的湿式铜基摩擦材料，研究炭纤维含量对湿式摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能和力学性能的影响，以及制动条件对动摩擦因数的影响。结果表明：随着炭纤维含量及材料的孔隙率增加、硬度及密度均降低，摩擦因数呈先增加后减小的变化趋势，磨损量呈先减小后增大的趋势。炭纤维含量为(质量分数)1%时材料的摩擦磨损性能最好，摩擦因数最大且最稳定，磨损量最小。材料摩擦因数随着载荷增大而增大，随炭纤维含量增加磨损率呈先减小后增大的趋势。炭纤维的加入提高了材料的能量许用值。 关键词：湿式铜基摩擦材料；短切炭纤维；摩擦磨损

中图分类号： 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1673-0224(2010)2-186-05

Properties of wet copper-based friction materials

containing carbon fiber

YAN Shen-lang1, ZHANG Zhao-sen2, SONG Zhao-quan1, XU Hui1

(1. School of Physics Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

Abstract: The wet copper-based friction material containing carbon fiber was prepared by using powder metallurgy technology. The effect of the fiber content on tribological and mechanical properties of the materials have been tested, and the effects of brake conditions on friction coefficient of the material have also been investigated. The results indicate that the hardness and the density decrease with the increasing of the materials porosity and mass fraction of carbon fiber. The trend of the friction coefficient of the friction material increases firstly and then decreases, while the change of wear rate of the material is opposite to friction coefficient. As the carbon fiber addition in the friction material is about 1%, the material possesses the optimal friction coefficient and minimum wear. While the friction coefficient of material increases with the increasing of loading and the wear rate decreases firstly and then increases with the increasing of carbon fibre comtent. In addition, the carbon fiber adding can improve the allowable energy absorb. Key words: wet copper-based friction material; short carbon fiber; friction and wear

湿式铜基摩擦材料具有良好的导热性和耐磨性，摩擦因数稳定，广泛应用于飞机、汽车和摩托车等机械传动过程中的制动、离合和变速。随着工程机械工作载荷和转动速度的不断增大，对湿式铜基摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能提出了更高的要求[1]。对湿式铜基摩擦材料的研究大都停留在传统的摩擦组元、润滑组元

基金项目：国防基础研究支助项目(ZNDX2008195) 收稿日期：2009-09-04；修订日期：2009-11-17

通讯作者：徐 慧，教授，博士。电话：0731-88830802；E-mail：Xuihui@

近年来通过添加纤维来以及基体强化组元等方面[2 4]，

提高湿式铜基摩擦材料的摩擦性能成为研究的热点。车建明[5]在铜基复合材料中添加炭纤维，使之表现出良好的减摩抗磨性能。樊毅[6]在粉末冶金铜基摩擦材料中添加低炭钢纤维，提高材料的硬度和强度，特别是在室温和热态条件下材料的摩擦稳定性大幅提高。

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