从高考试题看强调句型的用法

从高考试题看强调句型的用法

山东阳谷二中 玄志斌 丁玉荣

英语中“It is/was +被强调部分+who/that+其它”是强调句型的基本构成。这种结构在中学英语课本中频频出现，引起高考命题者的格外关注。下面让我们看一下与强调句型有关的高考试题：

1．It is not who is right but what is right___is of importance.(2007高考 重庆27) A. which B. it C. that D. this

解析：选C。考查强调句型，that是强调句型的结构词，句意是“重要的不是谁正确，而是什么是正确的。”

2．It __we had stayed together for a couple of weeks___I found we had a lot in common.（2007高考浙江10）

A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that

解析：选D 本题考查not…until结构的强调句式。在not…until结构中，如果对until及其后面的部分进行强调，要将not一词提前，形成“It is/was not until…that…”的结构注意尽管强调的是时间，但不可以用when。

为了帮同学们更好地掌握强调句型的用法，笔者依托高考经典试题，对这一句型进行分析和归纳，供同学们参考。 强调句的基本句型是：“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who从句。”被强调部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等，使用时应注意以下几点：

⑴不论强调的是哪一部分，后面都用that，指人时可用who. It is I that/who am going to the park this Sunday.

说明：当被强调的是主语时，代词要用主格形式。如： It was I that put forward the question.

⑵被强调的是时间、地点、原因或方式等状语或状语从句时，不能用when, where, how，用that.

It was in the park that I met her yesterday. It was yesterday that I met her in the park . 例：（1）.It was there, the police believe,___she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag .

A. until B. which C. that D. when

解析：选C 被强调部分为地点状语there，the police believe为插入语

（2）It was after he got what he had desired___he realized it was not so important.(2006辽宁 35)

A. that B. when C. since D. as

解析：选A 被强调的是时间状语after he got what he had desired

⑶原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态用It is…that/who…，如果原句的谓语动词是过去时态，则用It was…that/who…。 It is he that reads the book . It was he that read the book .

⑷对not…until时间状语从句进行强调时，用It is/was not until…that从句，也就是说not和until在强调句中不可分离。

It was not until he came back that I went to bed.

例:（1） It was not until she got home ___Jennifer realised she had lost her keys.（2006全国卷

II 9）

A. when B.that C.where D.before 、

解析：选B 考查强调句中对not until的强调，是否能辨析出引导词that. （2）.___the catastrophe happened that the local government realized the importance of substantial development .(2007江苏常州)

A. It was until B. Not until C. Until D.It was not until

解析：选D 考查强调句中not until的用法.考查了 It was not until the catastrophe happened that .

⑸强调句的疑问形式：

Was it in the street that I met him yesterday?

When was it that he made up his mind to study English?

例：(1) Was it form the lake___he often went fishing___he saved the drowning girl?（2007山东潍坊二模）

A. that; that B. where; where C. where;that D. that; where

解析：选C 解答此题关键是能够对句型进行正确的分析和判断。本题题干为一个强调句式，it was +被强调部分+that/who，lake后面是个定语从句，由关系副词where引导，第二空才是强调句中的that。

(2) I really don’t know ___ I had my money stolen.（2006山东烟台3月）

A. when was it that B. that it was when C. where it was that D. it was where that

解析：选C 强调句作know的宾语，语序应为陈述句语序，被强调部分为where，但是强调句为宾语从句时，这类wh-连接代词或副词常置于it之前，作宾语从句的连接词。 ⑹强调句型与定语从句及其他句式的区别。

即去掉强调句式结构或经过语序相应调态后，原句仍成立。 It was because he was ill that he didn’t go to school. = He didn’t go to school because he was ill.

It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday. It was midnight when I got here yesterday. It was two years ago that I joined the army. It is two years since I joined the army. Exercise:

1.It was in Indonesia, the UN officials believe,___the tsunani caused the greatest damage. A. where B. which C. when D.that

2.It was in the factory __produced TV sets__our friend was murdered. A. which, which B. that, which C. that, that D. where, that 3.It was last year __you taught me how to drive . A.when B.that C.where D.which

4.It was for this reason__her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. A.which B.why C.that D.how

5.I can’t quite remember__he began teaching in our school.

A. that, it was when B.when it was that C.when was it that D.that was it when 6.It is __who __wrong.

A. we, am B. me, is C. I , am D.I , is

7.It is __he often fails in exams__makes his parents worried about him. A. that, what B.what, that C. what, what D. that, that

8.It was some time later__we realized the trck. A. until B.before C. that D. since

9．It is you , rather than he ,that___for the accident.(2007山东日照) A. is to blame B.are to blame C.is blame D. are blame

答案：1——5DCBCB 6——9CDCB