情态动词是一种自身有必定的词义,透露表现措辞人的感情、态度或与语气的动词,但不克不及独自作谓语,只能和其他动词本相构成谓语。
中考关于情态动词的考查次要有以下几点:
1.can,may,must 等情态动词在陈说句中的用法;
2.含有情态动词的疑问句的答复;
3.差别情态动词的否认意义也差别;
4.情态动词的主动语态;
5.情态动词易混点归结;
6.情态动词例题解析;
7.情态动词特点。
01
can,may,must 等情态动词在陈说句中的用法
can的用法
1.透露表现本领、答应、大概性。透露表现本领时一样平常译为能、会,即有种本领,尤其是生来具备的本领,此时may和must均不成替代它。
She can swim fast, but I cant. 她能游得很快,但我不克不及。
I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。
2.透露表现答应,常在书面语中。
You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。
3.透露表现猜测,意为大概,经常使用于否认句和疑问句中,此时cant 译为不成能。
Can the news be true? 这个动静会是真的吗?
Can it be our teacher?阿谁人有多是我们教师吗?
No, it cant be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不成能。咱们教师正在游览长城呢。
I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.
No. She __be there, I have just been there.
A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.wouldnt
按照下文我刚去过那儿可知,应为 不成能,cant透露表现猜测。答案为A。
could的用法
1.can的过来式,意为 能、会,透露表现过来的本领。
He could write poems when he was 10.
他十岁时就会写诗。
2.could在疑问句中,透露表现委婉的语气,此时 could没有过来式的意思。
Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗?
Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗?
Yes, you can.可以。(注意答复)
may的用法
1.透露表现哀求、答应,比can正式。
May I borrow your bike?
我可以借你的自行车吗?
You may go home now.
目下当今你可以回家了。
_______ I borrow your MP3?
Sure . Here you are.
A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would
在此处透露表现哀求,意为 做可以吗。答案:A
2.透露表现猜测,评论辩论大概性,意为大概,大概,一样平常用于必定句中。
It may rain tomorrow. 来日诰日大概会下雨。
She may be at home. 她大概在家呢。
3.may的过来式为might,透露表现猜测时。大概性低于may。
He is away from school. He might be sick.
他分开黉舍了,多是他抱病了。
4.透露表现但愿、祈求、祝愿,常可译为祝愿。一般为用may +主+V
May you have a good time. 祝你过得高兴。
May you be happy!祝你幸福!
May you succeed!祝你成功!
must的用法
1.must透露表现主观观点,意为必需、必定。
You must stay here until I come back.在我返来之前你必需呆在这儿。
Must I hand in my homework right now? 我必需目下当今交功课吗?
2.其否认方式mustnt透露表现 必定不要 、千万别、禁止,不准。
You mustnt play with fire.你不准玩火。
You mustnt be late. 你必定不要迟到。
3.对must引导的疑问句,必定答复为must,否认答复为neednt或dont have to.
Must I finish my homework?我目下当今必需完成功课吗?
No, you neednt.不,你不用。
4.must透露表现有掌握的猜测,用于必定句。
The light is on,so he must be at home now.灯亮着,他目下当今必定在家。
5.注意其反意问句的构成方式:
当must透露表现必定的断定、猜测时,其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。
She must have seen the film before,hasnt she?注意反意疑问句的后半局部
You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday,didnt you? 注意反意疑问句的后半局部
need的用法
1.need透露表现必要、必需,次要用于否认句和疑问句中,其否认方式为neednt,意为没有必要,不用。
用need发问时,必定答复为must,否认答复为neednt或dont have to。
Need I stay here any longer? 我还有必要留在这儿吗?
Yes,you must.是的。
No.you neednt /dont have to. 不,你不用。
2.need还可以作实义动词,此时有人称、数和时态的变革,假如是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。
I need to do it right now.我必要顿时做这件事。
He needs to learn more about the girl.他必要多懂得阿谁女孩。
假如是物作主语,一样平常用need doing与need to be done,这种环境下应注意两点:
1主动方式的动名词doing具有主动的寄义;
2该动名词可以改成其动词不定式的主动方式而句子的意义不变。
The door needs painting.=The door needs to be painted. 那扇门必要油漆一下。
Your car needs mending.=Your car needs to be repaired. 你的车必要维修了。
dare的用法
dare意为敢、敢于, 用法近似于need,有两种词性:
1.dare 作为情态动词,多用于否认句、疑问句或条件句中,无第三人称双数方式,只有一样平常目下当今时和一样平常过来时。
Dare he tell them what he knows? 他敢报告他们所知道的环境吗?
I darent ask her,will you do it for me? 我可不敢问她,你能帮我问问吗?
2.dare 作为实义动词,此时有人称、数及时态的变革。
He doesnt dare to break his promise.他不敢食言。
注意:在书面语中,dare 的各类方式常与不带to 的不定式连用。
如:Do you dare tell her what I said?你敢报告她我说的话吗?
I didnt dare look at him.我不敢看他。
shall的用法
shall透露表现征求对方定见(多用于第1、三人称)。
如:Shall we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗?
在英语中,我们可以用其他多种体式格局提出我们的倡议或征求对方定见。
1.用Lets do...来提出倡议。
如:Lets go for a walk after supper.
2.用What/How about...?来提出倡议;about后接名词或动词ing方式。
如:What about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us?
3.用Why not...?来提出倡议,透露表现何不not面后接动词本相。
Why not...?其实是Why dont you/we...?的大略方式。
如:Why not meet at the school gate at eight? Why dont we stay here another day?
4.用Would you like...?来提出倡议,意思是你想要吗?Would you like后可接名词或不定式。
如:Would you like a cup of tea? Would you like to go and see her?
因此,假如我们说:去游泳好吗?英语中可有这样几种表达法:
Shall we go for a swim?
Lets go for a swim,shall we?
What about/How about going swimming?
Why not go for a swim?
Would you like to go for a swim?
What do you think of going for a swim?
should的用法
1.should 意为该当,可透露表现奉劝、倡议、义务、责任等。如:We should protect the environment. 我们该当维护环境。
2.Should have done 透露表现对过来举措的叱责、攻讦。
如:You should have finished your homework.
你该当曾经完成功课了。(事实上你没有完成。)
will的用法
will透露表现意愿、意志、计划,可用于多种人称。
如:I will help you if Im free this afternoon.本日下战书假如我有空,我就会帮你。
注意:1.will在there be句型中的方式及其句式变更。
由于一样平常将来时的布局可以用will+动词本相来透露表现,所以there be句型的一样平常将来时的方式就是there will be。(必定不克不及说there will have)
比方:There are many students in our school. There will be many students in our school.
There will be a sports meeting next week. 必定不克不及说:There will have a sports meeting next week.
2.will 与be going to do sth差别:
1be going to 透露表现近期、眼下就要发作的工作,will 透露表现的将来时间则较远一些。
He is going to write a letter tonight.He will write a book one day.
2be going to 透露表现按照主观断定将来必定发作的工作,will透露表现客观大将来必将发作的工作。
He is seriously ill.He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.
3be going to 含有筹划,筹办的意思,而 will 则没有这个意思。
如:She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.
4在有条件从句的主句中,一样平常不必be going to, 而多用will。如:If any beasts comes at you, Ill stay with you and help you.
had better的用法
had better意为最好,没有人称的变革,背面接不带to的不定式,其否认方式为:had better not。
如:We had better go now. 我们最好目下当今就走。
You had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把这本书给他。
02
含有情态动词的疑问句的答复
1.对may引出的问句,可以有下列答复体式格局:
Yes,you may.
Yes,of course.
Yes,certainly.
Sure.
No,you mustnt. No, you cant.
2.对must引出的疑问句,答复体式格局为:
Yes,must.
No,neednt/ dont have to.
3.could在疑问句中,透露表现委婉的语气,此时 could 没有过来式的意思。
Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗?
Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗?
Yes,you can.可以。(注意答复)
4.shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称,透露表现征求对方定见或客气的哀求。其答复体式格局有以下几种:
Yes,please.
All right.
No,thank you.
5.would you的答复体式格局有以下几种:
Yes,I will. No, I wont.
Sure. Im sorry , I cant.
All right/ OK/ With pleasure.
Certainly. No, thank you .
Yes, please.
Would you do me a favour and pass on my thanks to Lily? ________.
A.Thats right B.With pleasure
C.It doesnt matter D.No trouble
A. 意为对了 ,B.意为 甘愿答应效劳, C. 意为 不妨事 D.意为不费事。答案为B。
03
差别情态动词的否认意义也差别
1.can的否认式cant
1cant可译为不会,如:I cant play basketball. 我不会打篮球。
2当句子表猜测时,用cant 表达不成能,如:He cant be ill.He is playing chess with Tom.他不成能病了,他正和Tom下棋呢。
3cant 还可用来答复 May I? 这样的问句。如:May I come in ? 我可以出去吗?No, you mustnt. / cant. 不,你不克不及。
4cant 还可用于固定习语中。cant help doing 不由得,不由自主 cant wait to do sth 火烧眉毛如:She cant help crying. 她不由大哭起来。The children cant wait to open the box. 孩子们火烧眉毛地想翻开盒子。
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