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初中英语情态动词语法详解(2)

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  2.may的否认式为may not,译成 大概不,如:He may not be at home. 他大概不在家。

  3.must的否认式mustnt

  1mustnt透露表现不准,不成。

  如:He mustnt leave his room.他不准分开他的房间。

  You mustnt talk in class. 你们不成以在课上措辞。

  2mustnt也可用于以may透露表现要求时的否认答复中。

  如:May I stand here?我可以站在这里吗?

  No, you mustnt cant.不,不可。

  4.need的否认式neednt

  1neednt 意为不用。如:You neednt meet him unless youd like to.你不必要见他,除非你愿意。

  2neednt+have+动词的过来分词,表不必要完成但已完成的举措,暗含时间或精力上的华侈。

  如:You neednt have bought it. 你不必买它(但你却买了)。

  5.shouldnt透露表现不该该。

  如:You shouldnt feel so unhappy over such little things. 关于这种大事,你不该该感触这么不欢快。

  04

  情态动词的主动语态

  含有情态动词的主动语态的布局为:情态动词+be+done动词的过来分词。

  做题时要分身情态动词和主动语态这两个方面。

  如:You neednt get up so early every day.你不用每天都起这么早。

  She shouldnt speak to her mother in that way.她不该该用那种体式格局和妈妈措辞。

  More and more trees must be planted in China.在中国必需种植更多的树木。

  Many of the stars can not be seen because they are far away from us.很多星星我们都看不到,因为它们离我们太远了。

  1.情态动词+动词本相透露表现对目下当今的猜测。

  1can透露表现猜测时一样平常用于否认句或疑问句。

  如:That man cant be her husbandshe is still single.

  Who is knocking at the door?Can it be the postman?

  2must透露表现必定的猜测,一样平常用于必定句中。

  如:He must be in his office now.

  Mr Li must be working now,for the lights in his office are still on.

  3might透露表现猜测时纷歧定是may的过来时,只是透露表现其大概性较小。

  如:The man may be the headmaster.

  Where is Mr Li?

  He might be working in his office.

  May Mr Li come?

  He might not come here.

  4Could透露表现猜测时,语气can比要弱,措辞者留不足地。

  如:Could it be an animal?

  It could not be,because it is not moving.

  5Should透露表现猜测的大概性比拟大,仅比must的大概性 小一点。如:It is already 10 oclock now they should be there.

  2.情态动词透露表现对过来大概发作的举措或存在过的举措的猜测性用法。

  1must +have done/been透露表现过来必定发作过某事或存在过某种状态,不必于musnt+have方式。

  如:She must have seen the film before,hasnt she?注意反意疑问句的后半局部

  You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday,didnt you? 注意反意疑问句的后半局部

  2should +have done /been透露表现本该当做某事,而实际上并无做;

   shouldnt+完成式透露表现原本不该当作,而实际上却做了。以上布局常带有措辞者的叱责的豪情色彩。

  如:You should have finished your homework earlier but in fact you did not finish it on time.

  You shouldnt have gone to bed when you woke up at five but in fact you went to bed again then.

  3neednt+完成式透露表现原本没有必要做某事,而实际上却做了。如:There was plenty of time.She neednt have hurried.

  4cant /couldnt+have done /been透露表现过来不成能发作了某事或存在过某种状态。

  如:I saw him just now.He cant have gone to Japan.

  She said the man couldnt have stolen her car.

  5could+have done/been透露表现过来原本可以或许,可以做某事或成为某种状态,而实际上没有,措辞者有些遗憾。could sb. have done /been-------?是它的问句方式。

  如:You could have stayed with the Smiths while you were in New York but in fact you stayed in a nearby hotel. Could Mr Li have helped this girl student?

  6may/might+完成式透露表现过来大概,原本可以于某事而实际上没有干,might的大概性较小,语气较弱。

  如:He may have finished reading the book.

  She might have given you some help,however bus she was.

  05

  情态动词易混点归结

  易混点一:can和be able to

  二者透露表现本领时用法不异,但can只有本相can和过来式could两种方式,在其他时态中 要用be able to 来透露表现。别的be able to 经常指颠末积极,耗费了时间和劳力之后才干做到某事。

  Jim cant speak English.吉姆不会说英语。

  He could speak English at 5. 他五岁时就会说英语。

  Well be able to see him next week.下星期我们将访问到他。

  He has been able to drive. 他曾经会开车了。

  Im sure youll be able to finish it quickly.我相信你能疾速地完成。

  We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon.我们能在半夜抵达山顶。

  易混点二:can和may

  1.can 和 may 都可用来征求定见大概可,意为可以, 一样平常可交换使用。如:Can/ May I help you ? 我能帮忙你吗?

  2.can 和may 透露表现大概性时的差别:

  1在必定句顶用 might,may,must,不必can

  2在疑问句中透露表现猜测用can,不必 might,may,must

  3在否认句顶用cant(不成能), 不必 may, must。如:She may be in the classroom . 她大概在教室里。Where can they be now? 他们目下当今大概在哪儿?That cant be true. 那不成能是真的。

  易混点三:may be 和maybe

  may be的may为情态动词,be为动词本相,在句中作谓语;

  maybe是副词,意思为大约、大概,相当于perhaps,用在句首,作状语。

  比方:He may be wrong,but Im not sure. 大概他错了,但我也不断定。

  易混点四:cant 和 mustnt

  1.cant 按照其根本用法可译为:

  1不会。如:I cant speak English . 我不会说英语。

  2不克不及。如:We cant do it now because its too dark.天太黑了,我们目下当今干不了。

  3否认句中透露表现猜测。不成能,如:The man cant be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher. 阿谁人不成能是咱们教师,他年轻很多。

  2.mustnt 意为 禁止、不准, 用来表达饬令,透露表现激烈的语气。

  You mustnt play football in the street. Its too dangerous.

  你不成以在街上踢足球,太风险了。

  易混点五:must 和 have to

  1.must 侧重于小我私家意志和主观上的必要。have to 侧重于客观上的必要,可用于目下当今时、过来时和将来时。

  I know I must study hard.我知道我必需积极学习。

  My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.我弟弟病得锋利,我只得半夜里把大夫请来。

  I havent got any money with me,so Ill have to borrow some from my friend.我身上没带钱,只好向伴侣借点了。

  He said they must work hard.他说他们必需积极工作。

  2.have to可以用于多种时态;而must只用于一样平常目下当今或将来。

  如:The composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night. 作文本日早晨到期,因此我不能不今天晚上完成。

  易混点六:used to do/be used to doing/be used to do/be used for doing sth

  used to do透露表现过来经常发作的举措,强调过来,只用于过来,注意用to do,不必doing方式;而be used to doing意为风俗做,be可有各类时态;be used to do意为被使用去做 为主动语态方式;be used for doing sth用作 。

  如:My father used to eating meat.我父亲过来起床晚,但目下当今不能不早起了。

  She is used to eating meat.她风俗吃肉。

  He wasnt used to eating in a restaurant.他不风俗在饭馆吃饭。

  A knife can be used for cutting things.刀可以用来割工具 A knife can be used to cut things.刀可以用来割工具

  06

  情态动词例题解析

  1.________ you pass me a pen? Id like to write down the phone number.

  Sure. Here it is.

  A. Can B. Need C. Might D. Must

  由题干可知,本句透露表现哀求、答应。答案:A。

  2.May I go to the cinema, mum?

  Certainly, but you ________ be back by 11 oclock.

  A. can B. may C. must D. need

  由题意可知, 此处并不是表猜测的用法, 而是妈妈对孩子提出的要求, 故选C, 意为必需。答案:C。

  3.You ______ get there by bus.

  A.dont need B.neednt to C.dont need to D.need dont to

  由选项A 可知need为实义动词,故应加上to才正确。选项 B的neednt为情态动词,应去掉to,故选 C。

  4.You _______ worry about me. Its nothing serious.

  A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. wont

  由题干Its nothing serious可揣度,第一句意为你不用为我担忧,故选C。本题易错选B, mustnt 意为禁止,故不正确。答案:C。

  5.Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Please?

  Sorry, Im not sure. But it _______ be.

  A. might B.mustnt C.cant D.must

  考查情态动词might 表猜测的用法。Im not sure 阐明措辞者的语气其实不必定,所以要用might。答案:A

  6.The man in the office___be Mr. Black, because he went home just now.

  A.mustnt B.may not C.cant D.neednt

  由下文 he went home just now可知,作者断定办公室里阿谁人(不成能是Mr.Black。mustnt意为千万别,may not意为大概不,neednt意为不用。cant意为不成能,故选C。

  07

  情态动词特点

  情态动词无人称和数的变革,情态动词背面跟的动词须用本相,否认式构成是在情态动词背面加 not。

  个体情态动词有目下当今式和过来式两种方式,过来式用来表达加倍客气,委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过来,目下当今或将来。情态动词属非及物动词,故没有主动语态。

  He could be here soon.他很快就来。

  We cant carry the heavy box.我们搬不动那箱子。

  Im sorry I cant help you.对不起,我帮不上你。

  1.根本助动词与情态助动词最次要的差别之一是:

  根本助动词自身没有词义,而情态助动词则有本人的词义,能透露表现措辞人对有关举措或状态的观点,或透露表现主观假想:

  What have you been doing since? (构成完成进行体,自身无词义)

  I am afraid I must be going. (必定要)

  You may have read some account of the matter. (大概曾经)

  2.除此之外,情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征:

  1除ought和used以外,其他情态动词背面只能接不带to的不定式。

  假如我们把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的话,那么,所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式:

  We used to grow beautiful roses.我们过来经常种这种标致的玫瑰花。

  I asked if he would come and repair my television set.我问他是不是来修我的电视机。

  2情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一:

  They need not have been punished so severely.

  3情态助动词用于第三人称双数目下当今时的时候,没有词形变革,即其词尾无-s方式:

  She dare not say what she thinks.

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