主谓一致（初高中全适用）

Subject-verb Agreement主谓一致

一般说来，谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致。主谓一致涉及三个方面：语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 一、语法一致

1.不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句作主语时，谓语常用单数。 Eg. Much milk is offered to him. 给他提供了很多牛奶。

Reading aloud is very important in learning English. 朗读对学英语很重要。 To nod one’s head means agreement. 点头意味着同意。 What they said is true. 他们所讲的是实话。

2. 不定代词either/ neither/ each/ every/ one/ another/ someone/ somebody/ anyone/ anybody/ no one/ nobody/ everyone/ everybody/ something/ anything/ nothing/ everything等作主语时，谓语通常用单数。

Eg. Either of the shirts fits me very well. 这两件衬衫哪一件都很适合我。 Someone strange is asking to see you. 有陌生人要见你。

3. 由and 和both… and连接并列主语时，谓语通常用复数。 （参考注1和注2） Eg. Tom and peter are both from America. 汤姆和彼德都来自美国。

Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel. 这家宾馆早餐提供面包和黄油。 4. 主语后跟介词短语时，谓语与主语保持一致，不受介词后名词的影响。常跟在主语后的介词有with/ together with/ besides/ except/ as well as/ no less than/ rather than/ more than/ over/ like/ including/ in addition to等。

Eg. Tom together with his parents is going to New York. 汤姆和他父母一起要去纽约。 Many teachers, including Mr. Wang, have been to Beijing.包括王老师在内的许多老师去过北京。

5. 当kind of/ pair of/ type of等作主语时，谓语与kind/pair/type保持致。 Eg. This kind of apple tastes delicious. 这种苹果很好吃。

This pair of trousers fits you. 这条裤子你穿着合适。

6. 当“分数或百分数+ 名词”作主语时，谓语与后面的名词保持一致。 （参考注5） Eg. Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water. 地球表面四分之三被水覆盖。

Sixty percent of the students in our school are girls. 我们学校百分之六十的学生是女生。 二、意义一致

1. 当表示时间、距离、货币、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语用单数。 Eg. Ten years is quite a long time. 十年是很长的一段时间。

There is 1000000 pounds in the box. 箱子里有一百万英镑。

2. 当“the + 形容词”指一类人作主语时，谓语用复数；批个人或抽象概念时，谓语用单数。 Eg. The rich live a happy life, while the poor live a hard life. 富人过着快乐的生活，而穷人过着艰难的生活。 The beauty is loved by all. 爱美之心，人皆有之。

3. 集体名词people/ cattle/ police/ clothes/ crowd作主语时，谓语用复数；clothing/ jewellery/ furniture/ machinery作主语时，谓语用单数；family/ class/ team/ school/ army/ government/ public/ group/ enemy作语时，如果看作一个整体，谓语用单数，如果强调其中的成员，谓语用复数。

Eg. People here are all fond of football. 这里的人们都喜欢足球。

Men’s clothing is sold in this shop. 这家商店出售男装。

His family has just moved to Beijing. 他家刚搬到北京。

Hearing the news, the whole family were very happy. 听到这个消息，全家人都很高兴。 4. 单复相同的sheep/ deer/ means 等作主语时，要根据意义确定谓语的单、复数。 Eg. Every means has been tried. 每一种方法都试了。 All means have been tried. 所有方法都试了。 三、就近一致

1. there be后面跟并列主语时，谓语同邻近的主语一致。 Eg. There is a desk an two chairs in the room. There are two chairs and a desk in the room.

2. either…or…/ neither… nor…/ not… but…/ not only… but also…等连接并列主语时，谓语同邻近的主语一致。

Eg. Either you or I am going to answer the question. 要么你回答这个问题，要么我回答。 Not only he but also his parents have been to New York. 不但他还有他的父母也都去过纽约。 四、注意

1. and 连接的两个单数可数名词作主语时，如果都带冠词，指两者，谓语用复数；如果只有前一个名词带冠词，指一者，谓语用单数。

Eg. The soldier and the writer are going to visit our school this afternoon. 那位战士和那位作家今天下午要来我校参观。

The soldier and writer is going to give us a talk this afternoon. 那位军旅作家今天下午要给我们作个报告。

2. and连接两个each, every, no结构作主语时，谓语用单数.

Eg. Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company.

在我们公司，不论男女每个人都有提升的机会。

No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village because of Hope project.

3. many a+名词, more than one +名词 作主语时，谓语用单数。 Eg. Many a student has seen the film. 很多学生看过这部电影。

4. none作主语时，如果指不可数的东西，谓语用单数，如果指可数的人或物，谓语用单、复都可。

Eg. None of the money is wasted. 那钱一点也没浪费。

None of the students agree/ agrees with me. 没有一个学生同意我的观点。

5. population作主语时，谓语用单数，但“分数或百分数+population”作主语时，谓语用复数。

Eg. The population of China is very large. Eighty percent of the population in China are peasants. 中国百分之八十的人口是农民。 6. 在“one of +复数名词+定语从句”中，定语从句用复数；如果one前有the only, 定语从句谓语用单数。

Eg. I am one of the students who have passed the exam.我是考试及格的学生之一。

I am the only one of the students who has passed the exam.我是唯一一个考试及格的学生。 7. “a number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语用复数；“the number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语用单数。

Eg. The number of the books is no less than 100, but a number of them are of no use. 书的册数不少于100，但是其中很多都没有用处。

8.学科名词 maths/ politics / physics和用作书名、报名、剧名、国名、地名的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Eg. Maths is difficult to learn. The Arabian Nights is very interesting. 《一千零一夜》很有意思。

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