N. Ellis简介

Ellis, N(NICK C. ELLIS)，【研究领域】心理语言学；认知科学；应用语言学。

【重大贡献】基于使用的语言习得观（Usage-based approach）；内隐学习和外显学习机制研究；输入频率的促学机制研究。

【研究成果及评价】N. Ellis是基于使用的语言习得观的积极倡导者，主张语言学习是从大量的语言输入中提取出抽象规则的过程。基于这样的主张，N. Ellis对语言输入频率、学习者对语言输入的“注意”程度、内隐学习和外显学习的学习机制及其接口等问题进行了深入探讨，取得了一定成果。

（1） 母语习得主要依靠内隐学习机制，而二语习得必须借助于内隐和外显学习两种机制，注重外显知识发展的训练环

境能够有效提高学习者对新语言项目的归纳能力。

（2） 语言学习受语言输入驱使，提出二语习得的频率观，指出对不同层次语言现象的处理与加工都依赖于语言分布的

频率知识。

（3） 通过学习产生的注意（learned attention）在语言习得过程会产生blocking的效果。

N. Ellis倡导的二语习得观强调语言输入在语言学习中的作用，并促使二语习得研究视野对语言输入频率的研究和反思。 【主要论著】

Ellis, N. (1998). Emergentism, connectionism and language learning. Language Learning, 48(4), 631-664.

Ellis, N. (2002). Frequency effects in language processing: A review with implications for theories of implicit and

explicit language acquisition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 24(2), 143-188.

Ellis, N. (2003). Constructions, chunking and connectionism: The emergence of second language structure. In C. J.

Doughty & M. H. Long (Eds.), Handbook of Second Language Acquisition (pp. 63-103). Oxford: Blackwell.

Ellis, N. (2005). At the interface: Dynamic interactions of explicit and implicit language knowledge. Studies in Sec

ond Language Acquisition, 27, 305-352.

Ellis, N. (2006a). Cognitive perspective on SLA: The associative-cognitive creed. AILA Review, 19, 100-121. Ellis, N. (2006b). Language acquisition as rational contingency learning. Applied Linguistics, 27(1).

Ellis, N. (2006c). Selective attention and transfer phenomena in L2 acquisition: contingency, cue competition, salien

ce, interference, overshadowing, blocking, and perceptual learning. Applied Linguistics, 27(2), 164-194.

Ellis, N. (2007). Dynamic systems and SLA: The wood and the trees. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 10

(1), 23-25.

Ellis, N. (2008). The dynamics of language use, language change, and first and second language acquisition. Mode

rn Language Journal，92:2, 232-249.

Ellis, N., & Laporte, N. (1997). Contexts of acquisition: Effects of formal instruction and naturalistic exposure on

second language acquisition. In A. M. B. de Groot & J. F. Kroll (Eds.), Tutorials in bilingualism: psycholinguistic perspective (pp. 53-83). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Ellis, N., & Larsen-Freeman, D. (2006). Language Emergence: Implications for applied linguistics--Introduction to t

he special issue. Applied Linguistics, 27(4), 558-589.

Ellis, N., & Schmidt, R. (1997). Morphology and longer-distance dependencies: Laboratory research illuminating th

e A in SLA. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 19, 145-171.

Ellis, N., & Schmidt, R. (1998). Rules or associations in the acquisition of morphology? The frequency by regular

ity interaction in human and PDP learning of morphosyntax. Language and Cognitive Processes, 13, 307-336.

Robinson, P. and N. Ellis, N. (Eds.) (2008) Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition.

London: Routledge

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