Ddvwfsa胡壮麟语言学笔记无私分享(20)

“help”, “middle”, etc.

1.40.What is the assimilation rule? What is the deletion rule?

(1) The “assimilation rule” assimilates one segment to another by “copying” a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones more similar. This rule accounts for the raring pronunciation of the nasal[n] that occurs within a word. The rule is that within a word the nasal consonant[n] assumes the same place of articulation as the following consonant. The negative prefix “in-“ serves as a good example. It may be pronounced as [in], or [im] when occurring in different phonetic contexts: e. g., indiscrete-[ ](alveolar)

inconceivable-[ ](velar)

input-[‘imput](bilabial)

The “deletion rule” tells us when a sound is to be deleted al though is orthographically represented. While the letter “g” is mute in “sign”, “design”

and “paradigm”, it is pronounced in their corresponding derivatives: “signature”, “designation” and “paradigmatic”. The rule then can be stated as: delete a [g] when it occurs before a final nasal consonant. This accounts for some of the seeming irregularities of the English spelling (see Dai Weidong ,pp22-23).

1.41.What is suprasegmental phonology? What are suprasegmental features? “Suprasegmental phonology” refers to the study of phonological properties of linguistic units larger than the segment called phoneme, such as syllable, word and

sentence.

Hu Zhuanglin et al.,(p,73) includes stress, length and pitch as what they suppose to be “principal suprasegmental featu res”, calling the concurrent patterning of three “intonation”. Dai Weidong(pp23-25) lists three also, but they are stress,

tone and intonation.

1.4

2.What is morphology?

“Morphology” is the branch of grammar that studies the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed. It is generally divided into two fields: inflectional morphology and lexical/derivational morphology.

搜索“diyifanwen.net”或“第一范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读，第一范文网，提供最新人文社科Ddvwfsa胡壮麟语言学笔记无私分享(20)全文阅读和word下载服务。