英语国家概况名词解释(3)

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. greatly reduced and solely on the advice of

22．today the Queen acts

pilgrims travelling to weakened. immediate result was the 工会Thomas Becket’s tomb. 18．execution of Fawkes and 法----It legalized the her ministers. She reigns

his fellow-conspirators trade unions and give but does not rule. The

Because he was the first 革命---- In 1685 Charles and imposition of severe financial security. It real power lies in the important English poet to II died and was anti-Catholic laws. The meant that in law there Parliament, or to be write in English. He has succeeded by his brother long-term result has was no difference exact, in the House of been known as the “Father of English P

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. 16．----It is a modern name given to the dearly bubonic plague, an epidemic disease spread through Europe in the fourteenth century particularly in 1348-1349. It came without warning, and without any cue. In England, it killed almost half of the total population, causing far-reaching economic consequences. 17．----the name Wars of the Roses was refer to the battles between the House of Lancaster, symbolized

by the read rose, and that of York, symbolized by the white, from 1455 to 1485. Henry Tudor, descendant of Duke of Lancaster won victory at Bosworth Fireld in 1485 and put ht country under the rule of the Tudors. From these Wars, English feudalism James II. James was been an annual between money for brought up in exile in celebration on Nov. 5, benefic purposes and Europe, was a Catholic. when a bonfire is lit to collecting it to support He hoped to rule without turn a guy and a firework strike action. giving up his personal display is arranged. 23．religious vies. But

20．血

农业产业----The new England was no more 腥玛丽----It is the farming has been called tolerant of a Catholic nickname given to Mary I, “agribusiness”, because king in 1688 than 40 the English Queen who it is equipped and years ago. So the succeeded to the throne managed like an English politicians after Henry VIII. She was industrial business with a rejected James II, and a devout Catholic and set of inputs into the appealed to a Protestant had so many Protestants processes which occur king, William of Orange, burnt to death that she is on the farm and outputs to invade and take the remembered less by her or products which leave English throne. William official title Mary I by her the farm. landed in England in nickname Blood Mary. 24．1688. The takeover was

21．----The relatively smooth, with no 撒切尔主义----The term “British disease” is bloodshed, nor any election of 1979 returned now often used to execution of the king. the Conservative Party to characterize Britain’s This was known as the power and Margaret economic decline. Glorious Revolution. Thatcher became the 25．19．first woman prime 君主立宪制

minister in Britain. Her ----It is a political system

1605火药阴谋案----The policies are popularly that has been practised Gunpowder Plot of 1605 referred to as in Britain since the was the most famous of state-owned industries, Glorious revolution of the Catholic conspiracies. the use of monetarist 1688. According to this On Nov. 5,1605, a few policies to control system, the Constitution fanatical Catholics inflation, the weaking of is superior to the attempted to blow King trade forces unions, the Monarch. In law, the James and his ministers strengthening of the role Monarch has many up in the House of of market forces in the supreme powers, but in Parliament where Guy economy, and an practice, the real power Commons. 26．枢密院----A consultative

body of the British monarch. Its origin can

be traced back to the

times of the Norman Kings. After the Glorious Revolution of 1688, its importance was gradually diminished and replaced by the Cabinet. Today, it is still a consultation body of the British monarch, Its membership is about 400,

and includes al Cabinet ministers, the speaker of

the House of Commons, the Archbishops of Canterbury and York, and senior British and Commonwealth

statesmen.

27．----It is a very important part of the welfare system in Britain. It is a nationwide organization based on Acts of Parliament. It provides all kinds of free or nearly free medical treatment both in hospital and outside. It is

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