小升初教案 - 老师用书(2)

①表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时,

时间状语有：at (eight) (yesterday morning),(ten minutes) ago, yesterday,

last week, some years ago, in 1995, in the past, the other day, at that time,

just now等。

※when引导的时间状语从句。

如：I got up at 6：00 this morning.(我是早上六点钟起床的)

Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.

When he went into the room, he saw a stranger talking with his father.

He came to our city in the year 2000.(他2000年来到我们市)

②表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事情时,

时间状语有：last…, in…, from…to…, for(10 years),often,usually,

sometimes, always, never等。

如：Mr Jackson usually went to evening schools when he was young.

③讲故事、对过去经历的回忆、双方都明白的过去事件等一般用过去时,

而且经常省略时间状语。

如：I happened to meet Rose in the street.(我正好在街上遇到露西) ★注意：有一些容易变化错误的单词，如：prefer→ preferred, fix→ fixed, mix→ mixed

3、一般将来时：表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。

①一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow, this (afternoon),next (year),one day,

soon,

someday, sometime, in the future, in+一段时间; when/ after等引导的状语从句的主句中。I will call you when my mother comes back.

★②用will构成的将来时,表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shall”用于第一人称。“will”用于所有人称。如：I will graduate from this school soon.

③表示有礼貌地询问对面是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时。（不用be going to）

Will you please lend me your bike?

④表示意愿时。（不用be going to）

We will help him if he asks us. 如果他请我们，我们愿意帮助他。

⑤表示单纯性的将来，与人的主观愿望和判断无关时。（不用be going to）

The sun will rise at 6：30. 太阳将在6：30升起。

★⑥“be going to+动词原形”表示打算或准备要做的事情,

It’s going to rain soon.(天快要下雨了)

★⑦现在进行时、一般现在时也可以表示将来。(见相应时态)

⑧shall和will表示征求对方意

见或请求。Shall一般与第一人称连用,will与第二人称连用。

如：Shall we go to the zoo next Saturday?(我们下周六去动物园好吗？) Will you please open the door for me?(替我把门打开好吗？) ★⑨―be about to+动词原形‖和―be to+动词原形‖结构表示按照计划即将发生的动作。如：Tom told her that he was (about) to go abroad.

4、现在进行时：现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段正发生而此刻

不一定在进行的动作。

(1) 现在进行时由“助动词be (am is are ) +现在分词”构成。

(2）现在进行时的用法

now, look, listen, at the moment等连用。

——What are you doing? ——I’m reading English.

these days等时间状语连用。

They are studying hard this term. 他们这学期学习一直很努力。

★（3）位移动词：go，come，leave，stay，start，begin等，常用进行时表将来。表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。

soon. 我们很快就要动身去伦敦了。

there tomorrow. 她明天要去那里。I’m coming now.(我就来)

★（4）表示频繁发生或反复进行的动作,常与always等频度副词连用,以表

示赞扬、不满或讨厌等感情色彩。

如：He is always borrowing money from me and forgetting all about it a few days later.

★（5）但应注意下列这些动词一般不用于现在进行时态的句子中。

A、表示感觉的动词。如see，hear等。

B、表示喜欢或厌恶的动词。如like，love，hate等。

C、表示希望的动词。如want，would like等。

D、表示状态的动词。如be等。

E、表示归属的动词。如have 等。

F、表示思维、知识或理解能力的动词。如know，think，forget等。

(6) 特别注意：Look! The rain _______ (stop). 答案[has stopped]

Look! The sun ________(rise). 答案[has risen]

5、过去进行时：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作。

①过去进行时由“was(第一、三人称单数)或were(第二人称单数和各

人称的复数)+现在分词”构成。

②过去进行时的时间状语有：then, at that time, this time yesterday, at (eight)

yesterday (morning),以及由when/while引出的时间状语从句。

如：He was cooking supper this time yesterday.(昨天这个时候他正在做晚饭)

The little girl was playing with her toy when I saw her.

③用于宾语从句或时间状语从句中,表示与主句动作同时进行而且是延续时

间较长。句子中通常不用时间状语。

如：She saw it happen when she was walking past.(她路过时看到事

情的发生)/ TV while mother

supper.

★④也可以表示过去一个阶段频繁发生或反复进行的动作,常与always等频度副词连用,以表示赞扬、不满或讨厌等感情色彩。如：

He was always borrowing money from me when he lived here.(他住在

这里老时向我借钱)

6、现在完成时：现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,

或表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作。

①在完成时由“助动词have (has)+动词的过去分词”构成。

②表示发生在过去的对现在仍有影响的动作时,时间状语有：already, yet,

just, once, twice, ever, never, three times, before等。

如：I have never seen such fine pictures before. (我以前从来没有看过这

么好的画) He has just gone to England.(他刚去英国)

★③表示在过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时（肯定句或疑问句中动词必须用延续性动词）,时间状语有：for (two

years),since 1990, since (two weeks ago)和since引导的状语从句。

如：I have been away from my hometown for three years.(我离开家乡有3年了)

= I have been away from my hometown since three years ago.

= I have been away from my hometown since 2005.

= It is 3 years since I left my hometown.

④口语中have got往往表示have(有)的意思。如：They have got thousands of

books in their library.(他们图书馆有上万本书)

★⑤have been to与have gone to的区别：have gone to(“已经去了”)表示人不在这里,have been to(“去过…（次）”)表示人在这里。

如：--Where is Mr Li? –He has gone to the UK.(李先生在哪里？他去了英国。)I have been to Beijing three times. (我去过那里三次。)★⑥在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。

come→be here, go→be there, die→be dead, borrow→keep, buy→have,

join→be in(be a …member),leave→be away,

等。如下图：

或者使用下面这个句型：

[注意] 在其它的时态中也存在类似问题,记住,关键是：瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。如：How long may I keep the book?(这本书我能借多久？)(句子中keep取代了borrow)

一般过去时专练

( )1. The mother asked the boy _______ down the ladder, but he went on _______ instead.

A. come; climbing

B. to come; to climb

C. to come; climbing

D. coming; climbing

( )2. The teacher asked the students to close the windows _______ the wind from _______ the papers away.

A. to stop; blowing

B. stopping; blowing

C. to stop; blow

D. stopped; blow

( )3. The sick man stayed in bed, _______ very terrible.

A. felt

B. feeling

C. is feeling

D. was feeling

( )4. Yesterday I heard a story _______ by my friend.

A. told

B. telling

C. to tell

D. tell

( )5. The boy was made _______ there for an hour by his father.

A. standing

B. stand

C. to stand

D. stands

( )6. I saw him _______ into the small store.

A. went

B. going

C. to go

D. has gone

( )7. He raised his voice to make everybody in the room ______ him clearly.

A. hear

B. to hear

C. hearing

D. heard

( )8. Our geography teacher told us yesterday that the earth _______ around the sun.

A. was moving

B. moved

C. has moved

D. moves

( )9. Oh, it’s you. I’m sorry I _______ know you _______ here.

A. don’t; are

B. didn’t; are

C. didn’t; were

D. don’t; were

( )10. Mr LuXun died in 1936. He _______ a lot of famous novels.

A. wrote

B. was writing

C. has written

D. would write

( )11. --- How was your weekend on the farm?

--- Great! We _______ with the farmers.

A. enjoy ourselves

B. went fishing

C. will work

D. make friends

( )12. --- What did Mr Jones do before he moved here?

--- He _______ a city bus for over twenty-five years.

A. is driving

B. drove

C. has driven

D. drives

( )13. Jane _______ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai.

A. buys

B. is buying

C. bought

D. will buy

( )14. --- Liu Mei can’t come tonight.

--- Why? But she _______ me she would come.

A. tells

B. told

C. is told

D. had told

( )15. He turned off the light and then _______.

A. leaves

B. has left

C. will leave

D. left

一般过去时专练

1-5 CABAC 6-10 BADCA 11-15 BBCBD

一般现在时与现在进行时专练

( ) 1. Father usually ______ his newspaper after dinner.

A. read

B. reads

C. reading

D. is reading

( ) 2. The Blacks often ______ to the cinema on Saturday evenings.

A. go

B. goes

C. is going

D. are going

( ) 3.Look! The boy ______ with his mother in the pool.

A. is swimming

B. is swimming

C. are swimming

D. are swiming

( ) 4.--- What is Tom doing in the classroom? --- He ______ something on the blackboard.

A. draws

B. draw

C. is drawing

D. are drawing.

( ) 5.Old Tom usually ______ up at six and ______ sports in the garden.

A. gets, dos

B. gets, does

C. get, does

D. gets, do

( ) 6. It’s ten o’clock and Jack ______ still(仍然) ______ his homework.

A. is, do

B. is, doing

C. are, do

D. are, doing

( ) 7. The waiters ______ to work at five every morning.

A. start

B. starts

C. starting

D. are starting

( ) 8.I ______ a letter, so I can’t go out with you.

A. is writing

B. am writing

C. am writeing

D. am writting

( )9.A hundred days _____ quite a long time.

A. is

B. are

C. have

D. has

( )10. --______ late for the meeting next time. –Sorry, I won’t.

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