2013 TEM-4 写作考试作文 - 图文 (5)

TEM-4 Writing

The closer you stay to nature, the more you will appreciate her beauty. ④?more than? 只不过

e.g．The advantages of family planning more than compensate for the disadvantages. You may also find that reading has become more fun than work. (3)最高级句型

①?.the/a+形容词、副词最高级+n.+范围词

e.g. A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever.

My suggestion that physical exercises are the best way for people to stay fit is based on the

following three reasons.

Perhaps the most dangerous phenomenon gripping the nation today is official corruption, which

is persuasive in all levels of government.

②否定词+比较词

e.g. There are no other ways better and more effective for people to get out of the diffficult

situation.

No innvention has receivd more praise and abuse than the Internet.

Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.

G. 原因分析常用句型

以下句型中A为原因，B为结果。 1. A will has already upset?

Blind exploration of forests will upset the living environment of various wild species. 2. A will occur?

3. There are mainly?reasons for B 4. Why??/ What are the reasons /causes for B? Why do modern people have to bear more pressures than their forefathers? 5. The phenomenon involves/entails several complicated factors/reasons. 6. A number of ingredients could account for B. 7. The main/leading/primary cause is that?

The primary cause is that they find it hard to face difficulties directly. 8. B is chiefly caused by?

9. Perhaps the obvious cause is?

Perhaps the obvious cause is their eagerness to win the competition. 10. ?partly/in part because (of)?,and partly/in part because?

It is partly because most foreign festival are attractive, and partly because modern people are

curious for novel and fresh things. 11. Some may attribute/ascribe B to A. Some may attribute the rising divorce rate to personal changes like studying or working abroad. 12.Thanks to A ,?

Thanks to children’s curiosity for the new and novel, they can quickly grasp what they are interested in.

13. A contribute to B. 14. A undermines/jeopardizes B. Little communication will undermine/jeopardize the firm tie among family members. 15. One may lay/place blame for B on A. - 36 -

TEM-4 Writing

They may lay blame for the decline f marine lives on blind fishing.

16. As for/Among the factor for B,A1 counts for the half, the rest depends on A2. As for the factors for true friendship, common interests count for the half, the rest depends on

mutual respect. 17. A facilitates B. Communication facilitates harmonious relationship among family members. 18. A corrupts/erodes one’s minds/virtues. Wasting erodes people’s virtues. 19. A poses a threat to B. 20. In addition to the subjective factor, another root cause lies in?

In addition to the subjective factor, another root cause lies in smokers’ lack of determination to quit smoking.

十一．掌握TEM-4写作14分优秀作文的特点 1. 避免写作错误

(一) 平行结构中的省略错误

平行结构是把两个以上意思并列的成分用同等的语法形式表达出来。如果意思并列的成分用不同等的语法形式来表达，或者一些不该省略的词被省略了，就破坏了其平行结构。 （1）误例：Most of us lack knowledge or comfort with science. 更正：Most of us lack knowledge of or comfort with science.

(2) Mars is nearer to us than Pluto. ____________________________________________.

(3) At times, more care goes into the composition of newspaper and magazine advertisements than

the writing of the features and editorials. ___________________________________________.

(4) The energy problem is currently of great concern to a nation, the world and human beings.

____________________________________________________________________________. (5) We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman.

___________________________________________________________________________. （二）错位修饰语

错位修饰语是因将修饰语与被修饰语之间摆放的位置不恰当（通常是相互之间间隔得太远）

造成的语义模糊现象。修饰语可以使单词，词组，从句，也可以是句子。为避免修饰语错置，修饰语和被修饰语要尽量靠近。

（1）误例 ：I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus. 更正： I believe I can do it well and I will know the world outside the campus better. (2) Wrapped in a piece of silk cloth, Mother sent her doctor a birthday present.

___________________________________________________________________.

(3) He nearly finished reading ten books during the vacation.

____________________________________________________________________. (4) The house was in the woods that burned last night.

____________________________________________________________________. (5) People who walk normally are healthier than those who don’t.

____________________________________________________________________.

(三) 句子缺乏一致性

在一个句子中，除非特殊需要，所用的主谓语，指称代词，平行结构以及垂悬结构都要保持

前后一致。然而在英语专业四级考试中，常见违背以上规则的错误，请对比常见误例及其建

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TEM-4 Writing

议修改例子。

e.g (1) 误例: There are a long springboard and three rafts at varying distance from the shore. 更正：There is a long springboard and three rafts at varying distance from the shore. （2）误例: If one wants to get the most from the English class, you must work hard and ask

questions.

更正：If you want to get the most from the English class, you must work hard and ask

questions.

(3) 误例：To get promoted in the fierce competition, no efforts should be spared in your

work.

更正：To get promoted in the fierce competition, you should spare no efforts in your

work.

2. 词汇的运用

（一）语言简洁 A．介词的使用

英语中不少介词短语都是动词短语演变而来的，能体现语言的层次性，使语言更为简洁，特别是简化句子结构。例如：

e.g. (1) There are a rising number of skyscrapers that are being constructed in metropolitan cities.

There are a rising number of skyscrapers under construction in metropolitan cities. (2) Every time when I think of the first I entered the university, I still feel excited. At the very thought of the first I entered the university, I still feel excited.

(3) Students who wear traditional western costumes will draw the audience’s attention in the art

festival.

Students in traditional western costumes will draw the audience’s attention in the art

festival.

(4) People’s concern about the effect of academic pressures is reasonable and we cannot

reproach it.

People’s concern about the effect of academic pressures is above/beyond reproach.

（5）Graduates who have interpersonal skills and good command of English might well win

more popularity on the job market.

Graduates with interpersonal skills and good command of English might well win more

popularity on the job market.

B．抽象名词的使用

英文中有很多由动词转化过来得抽象名词，它们包含动态意义。汉语是动态的语言，写作中多用动词；在英文写作的过程中，中国学生也多习惯用动词形式来表意，而我们不应忽略：抽象动词的使用是地道英语的一大特点，例如：

e.g. (1) University teachers have realized that it is more and more necessary to care about their

students’ mental health.

University teachers have realized the growing need and necessity to care about their

students’ mental health.

(2) The number of online games players has increased dramatically in all universities of China. There is a dramatic increase in the number of online games players in all universities of

China.

(3) If parents don’t permit, children can’t go surfing online.

Should there be no permissions from the parents, children can’t go surfing online.

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TEM-4 Writing

C. 形容词的功用

与动词相比，形容词属于静态的词性，而英文中由动词演变而来的形容词，他们的比较级以及具有形容词性质的-ing分词和-ed分词，都具有动态特征，利用形容词的这种动态含义能减少动词的使用频率，例如：

e.g. （1）Those who can help others in dangers should be respected in my eye. Those who can help others in dangers are most respectable in my eye.

(2) The college population has increased, so competition for employment among graduates

will become fiercer.

With the increasing college population, competition for employment among graduates

will become fiercer.

(3) All students’ sweet dream is to shorten their study time but to improve their marks

at the same time.

Shorter study hours but higher scores is all students’ sweet dream. (二) 调节语气词的运用

有些词在议论文中会在语气上增强文章的表现力，而有些同义表达却可以起到缓和的作用。 （1）You should finish your paper at the end of this month. (2) He is doomed to fail.

(3) You are supposed to finish your paper at the end of this month. (4) I am inclined to further my study after graduation. （三）使语言更具逻辑性的词汇应用 重形和的英语善用非谓语动词

重形和的英语中，多个动作同时出现时，一方面通过非谓语动词来突出动作的主次，另一方面使语言更为简洁，特别是简化了句子结构。比如，下面的对照组中就是充分发挥了非谓语动词的作用，而原例句则是普通的动词结构来衔接句子，相比之下，前者效果显而易见。 e.g. (1) They were driven onto the roofs by the wave, and they had no choice but to spend the long

night in terror and despair, and their safety being threatened.

Being driven onto the roofs by the wave, they had no choice but to spend the long night in

terror and despair, with safety being threatened.

(2) When college students take a part-time job, they can earn some money for their daily

necessities, so that they can ease their families’ financial burden and become economically independent.

By taking a part-time job, college students can earn some money for their daily necessities,

so as to ease their families’ financial burden and become economically independent.

(3) If we want to combat the epidemic, we should stop putting ever more emphasis on the

academic achievements of job or promotion candidates.

To combat the epidemic, we should stop putting ever more emphasis on the academic

achievements of job or promotion candidates. 3. 亮点修辞用法 （1）比喻

--Time elapses like water through our fingers.

--Youngsters who are as slippery as eels would not be popular in public.

--Chinese children are as busy as bees in order to perform better in various kinds of examinations.

-- Children are usually metaphorized as flowers.

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TEM-4 Writing

--- Life is but a hard and tortuous journey. (2)类比

-- In rivers the water that you touch is the last of that has passed and the first of that which comes; so with time present.

--It’s with our judgments as with our watches; none go just alike, yet each believes his own.. -- Keeping doing exercises without proper input of nourishments is like keeping a machines running for days and nights without adding oil to it. (3) 提喻

-- The river is crowded with masts.

-- The young man had to work hard to feed five mouths at home. (4) 借喻

-- The pen is mightier than the sword.

-- What is learnt in the cradle is carried to the grave. (5) 平行结构

--Cellphones have the functions of communication, information, and entertainment. --To walk in the rain and to swim in the lake are two of my greatest pleasures. （6）矛盾修饰法

-- Being a father, he is both benign and cruel to his boy.

-- Strong passion and hot hatred are not contradictory when we fall in love with someone. (7) 转移修饰

--The indefatigable bell now sounded for the fourth time. -- His foot made a slight reproachful sound.

-- The question was met with an awkward silence.

-- The assistant kept a respectful distance from his boss when they were walking in the corridor. (8) 头韵

-- He is all fire and fight.

-- When the things happen that you do not like, you have two choices: You get bitter or better. -- Better be unborn than untaught, for ignorance is the root of misfortune. -- He never forgives and he never forgets.

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