低密度聚乙烯釜式毕业设计

摘要

低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)又称高压聚乙烯是世界上产量和需求量最大的一类产品,由于

物化性能优异成型加工简单价格相对便宜应用范围已深入到国民经济各个部门。本文介绍了聚乙烯的现状、生产工艺及LDPE装置和国内外研究状况、应用领域和应用现状、生产概况、市场需求和应用前景以及工艺流程和控制。进行了聚合全系统的物料进行

釜进行热量衡算。并依此绘制工艺流程图和聚合釜工艺装配图。

而设计的主要工具就是目前最为流行的化工过程模拟软件----ASPENPLUS, 通过模拟低密度聚乙烯的聚合过程,运用ASPEN中Polymer模块中的灵敏度分析, 对分子量影响因素进行了探索分析。

,LDPE,ASPEN,流程模拟,灵敏度分析

Abstract

Low-densitypolyethylene(LDPE),alsocalledpolyethylenebyhighpressure process,isoneofproductsofthehighestdemandandthebiggestoutputinthe world.Becausethepolyethylenehastheexcellentfunctionof,simpleprocessof model,cheapnessinprice,sothepolyethylene’sapplicationhasgonedeeplyintoevery sectionofcountry.

Themainofpresentdesignintroducedthecurrentstatusofpolyethylene.Atthe sametime,thecharacteristicofproducts,processesandtheequipmentofLDPE.etcis mentioned.ThestatusofresearchonLDPEindomesticityandabroad,thesituationof production,theneedofmarketandapplyinginthefuturewerealsointroduced.Thetotal materialbalanceofpolymerizationsystem;theselectionanddesignofpolymerization reactor;andtheselectionofstirringdevicesandthecalculationofpowerthereof,andthe heatbalanceofthefirstpolymerizationreactorwerefinished.Andthetechnicalflow chartandthepolymerizationkettletechnicalassemblechartispictured. AndthetoolwhichIusedinthedesignisoneofthemostpopularchemical

technologysimulationsoftwareintheworld—ASPENPLUS.Itwasusedtosimulate theethylenebulkpolymerizationprocessbythesensitivityanalysisinthepolymer moduleandinvestigatedthemolecularweightaffectingfactors. Keywords

polyethylene,LDPE,ASPEN,sensitivityanalysis

目录

第一章前言.............................................................................................................1 1.1LDPE的历史、发展及应用 [1,2]

..................................................................1

1.2LDPE的特点...............................................................................................2 第二章LDPE生产工艺..........................................................................................4 2.1生产工艺简介 [3]

..........................................................................................4 2.2低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)管式法与釜式法的对比 [3,4]

....................................4 2.2.1经济性比较

...........................................................................................4 2.2.2釜式法与管式法的工艺对比

...................................................................4 2.3管式法工艺及其进展 [3]

..............................................................................7 2.4DSM,EXXON,BASF公司管式法技术对比 [4]

.........................................8 2.4.1DSM工艺技术

.......................................................................................8 2.4.2EXXON工艺技术

..................................................................................9 2.4.3BASF工艺技术

....................................................................................11

2.5日本三菱油化、德国Imhausen、荷兰DSM公司的管式法HP-LDPE 生产技术比较...................................................................................................13 2.5.1日本三菱油化技术

...............................................................................13 2.5.2德国Imhausen技术

.............................................................................13 2.5.3荷兰DSM技术

...................................................................................13 2.6国内生产技术的进步 [3]

............................................................................14

2.7低密度聚乙烯最新动态...........................................................................14

2.7.1低密度聚乙烯聚合中分枝密度和分支分布的建模 [5,6]

.............................14 2.7.2生产实际的新发展 [7]

............................................................................16

第三章AspenPlus化工模拟软件介绍.................................................................18 3.1AspenPlus简介 [8]

......................................................................................18

3.2ASPENPLUS功能特点............................................................................18 3.3ASPENPLUS的应用 [9]

.............................................................................19 3.3.1ASPENPLUS模拟石油化工流程 ..........................................................19 3.3.2在回流比优化中的应用

........................................................................20 3.3.3在严格工艺计算中的应用 [10]

................................................................20 3.4Aspen软件在大型聚乙烯装置上的应用 [11]

.............................................21

3.4.1InfoPlus.21实时数据库

.........................................................................21

3.4.2数据接口

.............................................................................................22 3.4.3建立AspenPlus模型

...........................................................................22

3.4.4运行

....................................................................................................23

3.5国内AspenPlus的主要应用...................................................................24 第四章低密度聚乙烯聚合工艺ASPEN建模.....................................................25 4.1工艺流程简述...........................................................................................25 4.2流程模拟...................................................................................................26 4.2.1模拟系统组分的确定

...........................................................................26 4.2.2模拟聚合动力学模型

...........................................................................27 4.3.3模拟工艺条件的确定

...........................................................................27

4.3.4模拟结果

................................................................................................28

第五章乙烯本体聚合工段ASPEN模拟分析.....................................................30 5.1灵敏度分析 [12,13]

........................................................................................30 5.1.1对温度的灵敏度分析

.............................................................................30 5.1.2对两釜的釜体积的灵敏度分析 [13]

.........................................................32

5.2灵敏度分析小结.......................................................................................36 第六章高压聚乙烯聚合工段物料衡算...............................................................37 6.1设计任务...................................................................................................37 6.1.1设计任务书

.........................................................................................37 6.1.2

...........................................................................37 6.2物料衡算 [14,15]

..........................................................................................38 6.2.1全釜物料衡算

......................................................................................38 6.2.2首釜物料衡算

......................................................................................40 6.2.3二釜物料衡算

......................................................................................41

第七章聚合釜的设计与计算...............................................................................42 7.1聚合釜的设计 [16~19]

.................................................................................42 7.1.1聚合釜体积的计算

...............................................................................42 7.1.2聚合釜釜径Di与高度Hi

.....................................................................42 7.1.3聚合釜内筒筒体厚度

...........................................................................43 7.2夹套的设计 [18,19]

........................................................................................43

7.2.1夹套的直径Dj计算

.............................................................................43 7.2.2确定夹套高度H J

.................................................................................43 7.2.3夹套筒体的具体设计

...........................................................................44 7.2.4夹套的传热面积

..................................................................................44 7.2.5夹套筒体厚度及封头厚度

....................................................................44 7.3搅拌装置的设计 [18~21]

...............................................................................45 7.3.1符号说明

.............................................................................................45 7.3.2搅拌器的选择

......................................................................................45 7.3.3第一反应釜搅拌功率的计算 .................................................................45 7.3.4第二反应釜搅拌功率的计算

.................................................................47

第八章高压聚乙烯聚合工段热量衡算...............................................................49 8.1热量衡算 [22]

.............................................................................................49 8.1.1基础数据

.............................................................................................49 8.1.2聚合釜首釜热量恒算

...........................................................................49

8.2传热面积核算...........................................................................................51 总结.....................................................................................................................52 参考文献.................................................................................................................53 致谢.........................................................................................................................54 附录.....................................................................................................................55 声明.....................................................................................................................62

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