first常构成的词组: first of all首先,第一 first or last迟早,早晚 from first to last自始至终,一贯
then put in two teaspoons of honey and a cup of yogurt。然后放入凉茶勺蜂蜜和一茶杯酸奶。 two teaspoons of\两茶匙…一·‖和a cup of\一茶杯……‖,分别用来表示不可数名词honey\蜂蜜‖和yogurt\酸奶‖的量。表容器的名词是可数名词,由其前面的数词决定其单复数形式。 These three pieces of paper are hers.这三张纸是她的。
注意:不可数名词没有复数形式,不能与a/an连用,不能用数词修饰,但不可数名词前可加some,a little,any,no等词,也可与―量词+of\这种形式搭配,表示数量的多少。不可数名词没有复数形式,但它前边的量词可以有复数。 常见的用于表示不可数名词的量的短语还有: a glass of一杯……a bag of一袋…… a box of一箱…… a bottle of一瓶…… a bowl of一碗……a cup of一杯……
mix it all up把所有的东西一起进行搅拌。
mix up为动词短语,意为―混合在一起,弄错,弄乱‖。up为副词,故也适用―代词放中间(动、副词之间),名词放两边(副词两边)‖的口诀。
Someone has mixed up all the ingredients.有人已经把所有的配料都混在一起了。 (1)表示―把……和……混在一起/混/掺和,融合‖,常用mix A with B或mix A and B(together)的形式。
Oil doesn't mix with water.油不溶于水。
(2)mixture是mix的名词,意为―混合,结合体,混合体‖。
The city is a mixture of old and new buildings.这座城市是新老建筑的混合体。 14.Add salt to the noodles.把盐加到面条里。 (1)add...to…把……加到……上
Will you please add a few notes to the article?请你给这篇文章加些注释好吗? Add 4 to 6 and you have 1o.4加6等于lo。 (2)add to增添,补充
The wonderful song added to our pleasure.悦耳的歌声给我们增添了欢乐。 15.First,put some relish on a slice of bread.首先,在一片面包上放些调料。 put...on...意为―把……放在……上‖,常用于把某物放于另一物体的表面上。 Could you put the box on the desk?你可以把这个箱子放到书桌上吗? put on意为―穿上/戴上(衣服、鞋、帽等)‖。
It's raining outside.Put on your raincoat.外面下雨了,穿上你的雨衣。 put还常与其他副词连用,构成动词短语,表达不同的意义。常见的有: put away把……收起来/整理好 put up把……挂起来/举起来 put down放下,记下 put off拖延 a slice of...意为―一薄片·…_.‘‘,常用来指不可数名词的量。slice有单复数的变化,以表达不可数名词的多少。
I have had some slices of roast beef.我已经吃了几片烧牛肉了。 slice还可作动词,意为―把……切成(薄)片‖.,其后可用up,也可以省略。 Let's slice(up)the onions.让我们把洋葱切成片儿。 16.Super Chicken Sandwich。超级鸡肉三明治。
(1)super相当于excellent/splendid,表示―超级的,极好的‖。
We had a super meal.我们吃了一顿极好的饭。
(2)另外,super还可用作前缀,后加另一名词,构成一个新名词。 supermarket超市 superpower超级大国 superman超人 supermodel超级名模
chicken n.作定语,修饰另一名词sandwich。一般情况下,名词作定语时在数上不受它修饰的名词的影响而用其单数。
a banana tree一棵香蕉树two apple trees两棵苹果树
但是当表示性别的man,woman作定语时,在数上要随它所修饰的名词的单复数而变化。 a man teacher一位男教师
two women doctors两位女医生
l 7.Then cut up an onion and a tomato。然后切一个洋葱和一个西红柿。
cut up这里意为―切碎‖。此句中的―洋葱‖和―西红柿‖分别用不定冠词an和a修饰,泛指单一、每一、任一事物。
1 want to buy a pen.我想买一支钢笔。 【辨析】a,an与one
a/an都是冠词,a用在以辅音音素开头的单数名词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单数名词前。
I have a sister.我有一个姐姐。
He is eating an egg.他正在吃一个鸡蛋。
(1)不定冠词a,an可表达―一个‖,主要强调事物的类别;而基数词one更强调数字概念。 I have one brother.我有一个哥哥。(不是两个,强调个数)
(2)若有only(只有),just(仅仅)这样的词修饰,表达―一个‖时,只能用one,而不能用不定冠词a或an。
Now we have only one way.现在我们只有一个方法。
(3)one可以作代词,其复数形式为ones,而a/an是冠词,没有复数形式。
These magazines are too old.Do you have some new ones?这些杂志太旧了,你有新的吗?(ones代替magazines)
(4)a用于以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前。如:a pen,a cup等;an用于以元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。如:an apple。An hour等;而one可用于所有可数名词单数前。如:one bus.one egg等。
18.finally,put another slice of bread on the top.最后,在上面放上另一片面包。
another是由an+ other构成的不定代词,意为―另一‖。通常用在单数名词前,且其前不再使用冠词。它表示三者或三者以上的人或事物中任意的另外一个。
I don't like the red hat.Please give me another one.我不喜欢这顶红帽子,请再给我一顶。‘ (1)another后一般接单数名词,但是,其后可接带有few或数词的复数名词。 I have another, three questions to ask.我还有三个问题要问。
(2)another后加数词,表达―再,又几个‖,可与数词+more进行互换。
I'm too hungry.I want to eat another two/two more(cakes).我太饿了,我想再吃两块(蛋糕)。(前面已经吃过一块或几块)
on the top意为―在上面,在顶部‖;也常写作on top。 Stand on top and look down.站在顶上俯视。 on top of意为―在……上面,在……上方‖。
Books were piled on top of one another.书一本本地摞在一起。 at the top《意为―在……顶部/顶端‖。
Write your name at the top of the paper.把你的名字写在这页纸的顶端。
all与both
all与both都表示―都‖,但all用于三者或三者以上,而both只能用于两者之间。 All of us like English.我们大家都喜欢英语。 They both like English.他们俩都喜欢英语。 21. slices of duck烤鸭片
duck意为―鸭子,鸭肉‖,duck变复数时加s,作群体名词时不变。 duckling n.小鸭子chick n.小鸡chicken n.鸡肉,小鸡
Unit 8 How was your school trip?
1. How was your school trip? 你的学校郊游怎么样?
how 用于提问情况/状态
2. Finally, tired but happy, they took the bus back to school.
最后,他们虽然感到疲劳但却也很开心,他们坐公车回学校。
take the bus back to school = go back to school by bus 3. At the end of the day, the science teacher was very happy because the class
monitor cleaned the bus after the trip. 在那天结束时,科学老师很高兴,因为他们的班长在郊游结束后清洁了公车。 at the end of 在……的结尾
at the end of the street 在街道的末尾 at the end of this year 在今年年尾 in the end = at last = finally 最后 In the end, we were very tired.
4. Did you have fun camping? 你们野营玩得开心吗?
have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很开心
They had fun singing and dancing in the party last night.
5. Uncle Martin put some of his old things out in the yard and had a yard sale.
Uncle Martin把他的一些旧货品拿到庭院中,进行了一场旧货出售。 put sth out 把某物拿出来 some of / one of ……的一些/……中的一个 have a yard sale 进行了一场旧货出售 Some of my friends like singing. One of my best friends likes singing.
6. However, no one came to the sale because the weather was so bad.
然而,没有人来到他的出售,因为天气很恶劣。
however转折连词,通常都是单独一个词,后面加逗号隔开。 He wants to come. However, he is ill.
7. Maria won the first prize in yesterday‘s singing competition.
用基数词而不用序数词。序数词前一般有the win the first prize 赢得一等奖 win the second prize 赢得二等奖
8. Talk about events in the past.谈谈过去的事件。 9. What else did you do? 你还做了别的什么事情吗?
I. 语法知识
一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或出现的状态,以动词的过去式表达,如: I was at the library yesterday afternoon.
Tom studied hard and did well in the final exam last year. A. 动词的过去式分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。
1. 一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed wanted,played 2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ed hoped,lived 3. 重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed stopped
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