听力教程 施心远 第四册

听力教程 第四册

Unit 1 ................................................................................................................................................ 1

Unit 1 Part 1: Listening and Translation ................................................................................... 1 Section 2 Listening Comprehension ......................................................................................... 1

Part 2 Passage: Community Colleges................................................................................ 3

Unit 2 ................................................................................................................................................ 7

Part 1: Listening and Translation .............................................................................................. 7 Part 2 Passage....................................................................................................................... 8 Unit 3 .............................................................................................................................................. 10

Part 1: Listening and Translation ............................................................................................ 10 Part 1 Dialogue........................................................................................................................ 10 UNIT 4 ............................................................................................................................................ 14

Part 2 Passage Emily Davison ............................................................................................ 16 Unit 5 .............................................................................................................................................. 19

Part 1 Dialogue The Bank Manager .................................................................................. 19 Part 2 Passage Stock Market ................................................................................................... 20

Unit 1

Unit 1 Part 1: Listening and Translation

1. A college education can be very costly in the United States. 在美国贵。

2. Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college. 费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。

3. There are different federal loans and private loans for students. 有各种个样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。

4. Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st. 在这些贷款品种中的利率将从 7 月 1 日起上调。

5. There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt. 人们越来越担心

Section 2 Listening Comprehension Part 1 Dialogue: Social Grouping 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A

Interview: Right. You?re talking about social groupings here, could you tell us something

about the ways animals form into groups?

Nike Down: Yes, er many, many animals are very solitary animals; the only times they get

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together is when they mateor when they're bringing up their young. The majority of animals are solitary, but a very significant group of mammals and insects, like ants and termites, bees and wasps are very social and they group together because in a group it's much safer: you can defend yourself more easily if you're in a group, you can find mates more easily if you're in a group, and you can change the world around you by working with the others if you live in a group. Solitary animals have a much more difficult time in many ways.

Interview: You mentioned lions and other carnivore earlier on. Do they group very much?

Nike Down: Yes. Most cats in fact don?t group. Er, lions and, to a lesser extent, cheetahs are the only cats that group together. A group of lions is called a pride--and you might get anything up to fifteen or twenty lions in a pride. A pride of lions would have perhaps two or three males, perhaps a dozen females, and then the cubs. But the real lion group consists of females with their cubs. The males tend to stay for a few years and then they get kicked out by a group of younger males that comes in and take over.

Interview: And how about the apes?

Nike Down: Ah, well, now you're talking about the group of animals that we belong to. Apes -- some apes -- live in very, very big and complicated social groups. Not all. Orangutans, for example, big apes that live in Indonesia and Malaysia -- they're very solitary and one adult may meet another adult only once every two or three years, when a male and a female mate, and then, the only relationship then will be between a mother and her baby. The baby will stay with the mother for two or three years, four years, five years even, learning from the mother, learning what sorts of foods to eat, what the signs of danger are, and then when the baby grows up, off it'll go, and live its own, solitary life. The reason why orangutans are solitary is because there's not very much food in a forest and if there was a big group of orangutans, all the food would just run out. But, leaving Asia and going to Africa, then you find very social apes. Now, gorillas, for example. Gorillas live in unimale groups. They used to be called harems, but the technical term is unimale because there's one male within the group; one male, and then around him will be anything up to six, seven, eight, nine females, plus all the babies. And that one male in the group is the silverback gorilla, and he's much bigger and stronger than the others. He's got silvery fur on his back and the others won't challenge him and he'll lead the group slowly through the forest, settling down every night and moving on the next day, finding food. So that's a unimale group. But if you move a little bit further west, into West Africa, you'll start to come across chimpanzees. Now they're a bit smaller than gorillas; they spend a lot of time in the trees, whereas gorillas are down on the ground and chimpanzees are much more closely related to us than they are to gorillas They're our closest living relatives. Now chimps live in multimale groups; in other words you'll get, oh, anything up to six, seven, eight males, hen you'll get two or three times that number of females, a dozen, two dozen females, plus all the youngsters, so we're talking about groups that can be as big as forty or fifty of even sixty. Now, a chimpanzee group--multimale group-- is a very flexible type of group: it constantly splits into smaller groups, off they go for a few days, back they come, reform, break up again and within that group the males tend to hang around the outside, protecting the group, fighting off rival males that might want to come in and mate with the females, but they tend to

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come and go to some extent The on-going core of the chimpanzee group consists of females with their young, and sometimes sisters will actually work together to bring up their young collectively. Yes, so apes are very, very social animals indeed.

Part 1 Dialogue: Social Grouping

1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A

Part 2 Passage: Community Colleges

Great challenges faced the United States in the early 20th century, including global economic competition. National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country's continued economic strength - a need that called for a dramatic increase in college attendance - yet three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education, in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant college. During the same period, the country's rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute, manual learning (vocational education) division or citizenship school to the diploma program. The high school-based community college, as first developed at Central High School in Joliet, Ill. was the most successful type of addition. Meanwhile, small, private colleges such as Indiana?s Vincennes University had fashioned an effective model of higher education grounded on the principles of small classes, close student-faculty relations and a program that included both academics and extracurricular activities. From the combination of these traditions emerged the earliest community colleges, roughly balanced in number between private and public control but united in their commitment to meet local needs. The typical early community college was small, rarely enrolling more than 150 students. It nevertheless offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities. Fort Scott Junior College in Kansas, for example, not only fielded several athletic teams but also supported a student newspaper, government, thespian society and orchestra. A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women, attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers. In such states as Missouri, which did not yet require K-8 teachers to have a bachelor's degree, it was common for more than 60 percent of community college students to be women, virtually all of them preparing to be teachers. Community colleges are centers of educational opportunity. More than 100 years ago, this unique, American invention put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities and initiated a practice of welcoming all who desire to learn, regardless of wealth, heritage or previous academic experience. Today, the community college continues the process of making higher education available to a maximum number of people at 1,166 public and independent community colleges. The breadth of programming and variety of students? goal make it difficult to accurately quantify community college performance. Unlike 4-year colleges, where attainment of a bachelor?s degree is the implicit goal of students, community college students do not share a common goal beyond self-improvement. Research shows that education

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pays. Students who complete associate degrees and certificates are more likely to move into higher-status management and professional positions with higher earnings. An investment of a few thousand dollars now will likely pay lifelong dividends, as students who earn associate degrees average lifetime earnings of more than $250,000 to $400,000 more than people without degrees. But success at community colleges must be broadly to include not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates, but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.

B: Sentence Dictation

1.Great challenges faced the United States in the early 20th century, including global economic competition.

2.During the same period, the country's rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities.

3.It offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities.

4.A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women, attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers。

5.The breadth of programming and variety of students? goal make it difficult to accurately quantify community college performance.

Exercise C Detailed Listening

1. F National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country's continued economic strength.

2. F Yet three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education, in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant college.

3. T During the same period, …public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute, manual learning (vocational education) division or citizenship school to the diploma program.

4. T (Meanwhile, small, private colleges had fashioned an effective model of higher education grounded on the principles of small classes, close student-faculty relations…)

5. F (The typical early community college was small, rarely enrolling more than 150 students.)

6. T (In such states as Missouri, which did not yet require K-8 teachers to have a bachelor's degree, it was common for more than 60 percent of community college students to be women, virtually all of them preparing to be teachers.)

7. T (More than 100 years ago, this unique, American invention put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities and initiated a practice of welcoming all who desire to learn,

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regardless of wealth, heritage or previous academic experience.)

8. F (But success at community colleges must be broadly to include not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates, but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.)

Make a plan, set out a latest plan for ambitious space program

News Item 1 Exercise A

China’s ambitious space program Exercise B

1. The remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia

2.prestige Time:2007

Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk

Capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft.

News Item 2 pipeline Exercise A

Russian President Putin’s visit to Japan and the competition between China and Japan over access to new energy supplies. Russia gas installation From Siberia

Access to new energy supplies

News Item 3 Exercise A Razor blades

Sino-African trade

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