自学编程(6)

eral scripting languages that work on a Linux-based web server also work at the command line, like Perl, Python, and PHP—so learning one of those baddies makes you conversant in two contexts. My path never took me too far down the Perl road, but I taught myself Python using the excellent and free online book, Dive into Python.

很多的在Linux平台上运行的Web脚本同样能以命令行模式运行，例如Perl，Python和PHP，所以如果你学会了使用它们，你将能在两种环境中使用它们。我的学习道路一直没离开Perll太远，我自学Python使用的是这本优秀的在线免费书Dive into Python。

If becoming a Unix ninja is one of your programmer goals, you absolutely must get good at shell scripting with bash. Bash is the command line scripting language of a *nix environment, and it can do everything from help you set up automated backups of your database and files to building out a full-fledged application with user interaction. Without any experience writing bash scripts beyond a dozen lines, I wound up developing a full-on personal to-do list manager in bash, Todo.txt CLI.

如果成为一个Unix高手也是你学习的目标，那么你绝对要精通bash这个脚本语言。Bash是Unix和Linux环境下的一种命令行脚本语言，它能够为你做所有的事情：从自动备份数据库脚本到功能齐全的用户交互程序。起初我没有任何使用bash脚本的经验，但最终我用bash开发了一个全功能的个人代办任务管理器： Todo.txt CLI。

Add-ons 插件（Add-ons）

Nowadays, modern webapps and browsers are extensible with with bits of software that bolt onto them and add features. Add-on development is gaining in popularity as more developers look at existing software, like Firefox or WordPress, and think "But if only it could do THIS..."

如今的Web应用程序和浏览器都可以通过一些扩展软件来丰富自己的功能。由于一些现有的软件，例如Firefox、WordPress越来越受到开发人员的关注，插件的开发也日益流行，人们都在说“But if only it could do THIS…”。

You can do a whole lot in any web browser with just a mastery of HTML, JavaScript, and CSS. Bookmarklets, Greasemonkey user scripts, and Stylish user styles are created with the same bits of code that make regular web pages, so they're worth learning even if you just want to tweak an existing site with a small snippet of code.

只要你掌握了HTML，JavaScript和CSS，你就可以在任何的浏览器里开发你想要的很多东西。Bookmarklets, Greasemonkey user scripts 和 Stylish user styles这些软件都是用的更普通页面一样的语言写成的，这几个东西都值得你去研究一些。

More advanced browser add-ons, like Firefox extensions, let you do more. Develop
ing Firefox extensions, for example, requires that you're conversant in JavaScript and XML (markup that's similar to HTML, but way more strict i

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