2007-2012(答案)年研究生学位英语考试真题(部分)(4)

C. strolled

D. swarmed

Section B (0.5 point each)

31._________this dull life, the full-time mom decided to find a part-time job.

A. Tied up with

B. Fed up with

C. Wrapped up in

D. Piled up with

32. In the letter, my friend said that he would love to have me as a guest in his _____ home.

A. humble

B. obscure

C. inferior

D. lower

33. Tom is sick of city life, so he buys some land in Alaska, as far from ________ as possible.

A. humidity

B. humanity

C. harmony

D. honesty

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34. As an important _______ for our emotions and ideas, music can play a huge role in our life.

A. vessel

B. vest

C. venture

D. vehicle

35. The day is past when the country can afford to give high school diploma to all who ___six years of instruction.

A. set about

B. run for

C. sit through

D. make for

36. The wages of manual laborers stay painfully low, meaning digitalization could drive an even deeper

______between the rich and poor.

A. boundary

B. difference

C. wedge

D. variation

37. A farmer must learn the kinds of crops best ____ the soils on his farm.

A. accustomed to

B. committed to

C. applied to

D. suited to

38. The sun is so large that if it were ______, it would hold a million earths.

A. elegant

B. immense

C. hollow

D. clumsy

39. This patient's life could be saved only by a major operation. That would _____ her to a high risk.

A. expose

B. lead

C. contribute

D. send

40. It takes a year for the earth to make each ________, or revolution, around the sun.

A. tour

B. travel

C. visit

D. trip

PART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)

Harvard University's under-graduate education is being reformed so that it includes some time spent outside the US and more science courses, the US Cable News Network (CNN) has reported. For the first time in 30 years, Harvard is 41 its under-graduate curriculum. William Kirby, dean of the faculty of arts and sciences, said this 42 what many people had said that Harvard's curriculum did not provide enough choice and encourage premature specialization.

"Harvard needs to 43 its education for a world where global connections, cross disciplinary research, and science in general are ever more important," said Kirby.

Particularly 44 is the idea that students need to spend time overseas, either in a traditional study-abroad program or over a summer, perhaps doing an internship or research.

Students can either find the program themselves or 45 some exchange programs offered by the university.

" 46 studying Chinese history without leaving the university, students interested in the subject should be spending a semester at a university in China."

It was also recommended that Harvard 47 its required "core curriculum". The core curriculum was an effort created in 1978 to broaden education by requiring students to choose from a list of courses in several areas of study. Classes often focused on a highly 48 topic and emphasized "ways of knowing".

Under a new plan, the curriculum would be replaced with a set of 49 "Harvard College Courses", emphasizing knowledge over methodology and 50 wider territory. A life sciences course, for example, might combine molecular and evolutionary biology and psychology, rather than focusing on one of those, said Benedict Gross, Harvard College dean.

41. A. inspecting B. reviewing C. searching D. underlying

42. A. in accordance with B. in line with C. in charge of D. in response to

43. A. update B. uphold C. upset D. upward

44. A. trust-worthy B. note-worthy C. praise-worthy D. reward-worthy

45. A. turn out B. turn in C. turn to D. turn over

46. A. In spite of B. As if C. Let alone D. Rather than

47. A. perish B. destroy C. abolish D. denounce

48. A. appropriate B. imaginative C. special D. specific

49. A. optical B. optional C. opposite D. optimistic

50. A. sparing B. spiraling C. spanning D. sparkling

PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)

Passage One

A report published recently brings bad news about air pollution. It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power disaster. The report was published by the UK Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution.'? Quite a lot, it turns out.

Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source--exhaust fumes(烟气). Also don't walk

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behind smokers. Walk on the windward side of the street where exposure to pollutants can be 50 percent less than on the downwind side.

Sitting on the driver's side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground trains tends to be, less toxic than that at street level, because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles thrown up by wheels hitting the rails. But diesel and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants.

When you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly.

There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build-up of pollutants.

51. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How to fight air pollution in big cities.

B. How to avoid air pollution in big cities.

C. How to breathe fresh air in big cities.

D. How serious air pollution is in big cities.

52. According to the report, air pollution in big cities __________.

A. can be more serious than Chernobyl nuclear disaster

B. cannot be compared with the disaster in Chernobyl

C. can release as damaging radiation as the Chernobyl disaster

D. can be more serious than we used to think

53. When you walk in a busy street, you should walk on the side ___________.

A. where the wind is coming

B. where the wind is going

C. where the wind is weaker

D. where the wind is stronger

54. If you take a bus in a big city in China, you should sit _________.

A. on the left side in the bus

B. on the right side in the bus

C. in the middle of the bus

D. at the back of the bus

55. It is implied in the passage that ________.

A. people should not take street level transportation

B. tiny iron particles will not cause health problems

C. air pollution on an underground train is less poisonous

D. traveling on an underground train is better than taking the bus

56. While waiting to cross a busy street, you should ___________.

A. wait a few seconds until the fumes reduce

B. stay away from the traffic as far as possible

C. hold your breath until you get to the other side of the street

D. count down for the light to change

Passage Two

Global warming poses a threat to the earth, but humans can probably ease the climate threats brought on by rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, global climate specialist Richard Alley told an audience at the University of Vermont. Alley said his research in Greenland suggested that subtle changes in atmospheric patterns leave parts of the globe susceptible to abrupt and dramatic climate shifts that can last decades or centuries.

Almost all scientists agree that increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere created as humans burn fossil fuel is warming the planet. How to respond to the warming is a matter of intense political, scientific and economic debate worldwide.

Alley said he was upbeat about global warming because enough clever people existed in the world to find other reliable energy sources besides fossil fuels. He said people can get rich finding marketable alternatives to fossil fuel. "Wouldn't it be useful if the United States were to have a piece of the action. Wouldn't it be useful if some bright students from University of Vermont were to have a piece of the action," Alley said.

Alley said that Europe and parts of eastern North America could in a matter of a few years revert to a cold,

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windy region, like the weather in Siberia. Such shifts have occurred frequently over the millennia, Alley's research shows. A gradual change in atmospheric temperature, such as global warming, could push the climate to a threshold where such a shift suddenly occurs, he said.

Alley told his audience of about 200 people in a University of Vermont lecture hall Wednesday evening that he couldn't predict if, when or where sudden shifts toward cold, heat, drought or water could occur under global warming, but it is something everyone should consider.

"This is not the biggest problem in the world. The biggest problem in the world is getting along with each other. But it's part of that because we're not going to get along with each other if we're not getting along with the planet," Alley said.

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